Electrospinning

Dental implant surgery is a procedure that replaces damaged or missing teeth with an artificial implant. During this procedure, guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes were commonly used to inhibit the migration of epithelium and guided bone regeneration at the surgical sites. Due to its biodegradability, good biocompatibility, and unique biological properties, gelatin (GT) was considered a suitable candidate for guiding periodontal tissue regeneration. However, GT-based membranes come with limitations, such as poor mechanical strength and mismatched degradation rates...

Polyethylene oxide (PEO) solid electrolytes, acknowledged for their safety advantages over liquid counterparts, confront inherent challenges, including low ionic conductivity, restricted lithium ion migration, and mechanical fragility, notably pronounced in lithium‑sulfur batteries due to the polysulfide shuttling phenomenon. To address these limitations, we integrate a quaternary ammonium cation-modified cellulose (QACC) nanofiber, electrospun with cellulose acetate (CA) from recycled cigarette filters, into the PEO electrolyte matrix...

The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact and mechanism of soy lecithin incorporation into the gelatin-cinnamaldehyde emulsion, focusing on how it influences emulsion stability during the electrospinning process. In this work, a cinnamaldehyde/gelatin/soy lecithin (CGS) fiber membrane with excellent antibacterial properties was successfully created. The addition of soy lecithin improves the stability of the emulsion and improves the loading performance and fiber morphology of the CGS fiber membrane...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease affecting millions worldwide. Insulin therapy is currently the golden standard for treating T1DM; however, it does not restore the normal glycaemic balance entirely, which increases the risk of secondary complications. Beta-cell therapy may be a possible way of curing T1DM and has already shown promising results in the clinic. However, low retention rates, poor cell survival, and limited therapeutic potential are ongoing challenges, thus increasing the need for better cell encapsulation devices...

It has been a challenge to prepared polyether block amide (PEBA) fibrous membrane via solution electrospinning. The only few reported methods though involved hazardous solvents and surfactants which were against the principle of green chemistry. In this work, uniform fibrous membrane of PEBA was successfully fabricated by solution electrospinning with a bio-based solvent dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene). To further improve the mechanical strength and adsorption performance of the PEBA membrane, a hierarchical magnesium hydrogen phosphate (MgHPO4 ·1...

Membrane distillation (MD) has emerged as a promising technology for desalination and concentration of hypersaline brine. However, the efficient preparation of a structurally stable and salinity-resistant membrane remains a significant challenge. In this study, an amphiphobic polytetrafluoroethylene nanofibrous membrane (PTFE NFM) with exceptional resistance to scaling has been developed, using an energy-efficient method. This innovative approach avoids the high-temperature sintering treatment, only involving electrospinning with PTFE/PVA emulsion and subsequent low-temperature crosslinking and fluorination...

Lead halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are promising semiconductors for next-generation photoelectric devices. However, the development of perovskite QDs-based multifunctional materials still needs to be addressed in order to further advance the application of perovskite QDs. Herein, a successful synthesis of Janus microfibers array Janus membrane (JMAJM) with up-down structure and multifunction of luminescence, magnetism and electroconductivity is firstly achieved based on CsPbBr3 QDs through a parallel electrospinning...

A novel family of multifunctional nanomaterials called MXenes is quickly evolving, and it has potential applications that are comparable to those of graphene. This article provides a current explanation of the design and performance assessment of MXene-based membranes. The production of MXenes nanosheets are first described, with an emphasis on exfoliation, dispersion stability, and processability, which are essential elements for membrane construction. Further, critical discussion is also given to MXenes potential applications in Vacuum assisted filtration, casting method, Hot press method, electrospinning and electrochemical deposition and layer-by-layer assembly for the creation of MXene and MXene derived nanocomposite membranes...

Developing novel antimicrobial wound dressings that have the potential to address the challenges associated with chronic wounds is highly imperative in providing effective infection control and wound healing support. Biocompatible electrospun nanofibers with their high porosity and surface area enabling efficient drug loading and delivery have been investigated in this regard as viable candidates for chronic wound care. Here, we design Casein/Polyvinyl alcohol (CAN/PVA) nanofibers reinforced with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) by the electrospinning technique to develop diabetic wound healing scaffolds...

Developing high-efficiency membrane materials for the rapid removal of organic dyes is crucial but remains a challenge. Polyoxometalates (POMs) clusters with anionic structures are promising candidates for the removal of cationic dyes via electrostatic interactions. However, their shortcomings, such as their solubility and inability to be mass-produced, hinder their application in water pollution treatment. Here, we propose a simple and green strategy utilizing the room temperature stirring method to mass produce nanoscale polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks (POMOFs) with porous rhomboid-shaped dodecahedral and hexagonal prism structures...

To investigate the relationship between structures and adsorption properties, four different morphologies of chitosan, with hydrogel (CSH), aerogel (CSA), powder (CSP), and electrospinning nanofiber (CSEN) characteristics, were employed as adsorbents for the removal of Acid Red 27. The structures and morphologies of the four chitosan adsorbents were characterized with SEM, XRD, ATR-FTIR, and BET methods. The adsorption behaviors and mechanisms of the four chitosan adsorbents were comparatively studied. All adsorption behaviors exhibited a good fit with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0...

Essential oils have been identified as effective natural compounds to prevent bacterial infections and thus are widely proposed as bioactive agents for biomedical applications. Across the literature, various essential oils have been incorporated into electrospun fibres to produce materials with, among others, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. However, limited research has been conducted so far on the effect of these chemical products on the physical characteristics of the resulting composite fibres for extended periods of time...

This study addresses the challenge of enhancing the transverse mechanical properties of oriented polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers, which are known for their excellent longitudinal tensile strength, without significantly compromising their inherent porosity, which is essential for effective filtration. This study explores the effects of doping PAN nanofiber composites with varying concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (0.5%, 1%, and 2%), introduced into the PAN matrix via a dip-coating method. This approach ensured a random distribution of PVA within the nanofiber mat, aiming to leverage the synergistic interactions between PAN fibers and PVA to improve the composite's overall performance...

As a promising candidate for high-energy-density rechargeable lithium metal batteries, Li/FeS2 batteries still suffer from the large volume change and severe shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides during cycling. To improve the electrochemical performance, great efforts have been made to modify FeS2 cathodes by constructing various nanocomposites. However, energy density is sacrificed, and these materials are not applicable at a large scale. Herein, we report that the electrochemical performance of commercial FeS2 can be greatly enhanced with the application of a double-layer MoS2 -CNTs-PVA (MCP)/PVA separator fabricated by electrospinning...

The development of high-performance filtration materials is essential for the effective removal of airborne particles, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) anchored to organic polymer matrices are considered to be one of the most promising porous adsorbents for air pollutants. Nowadays, most air filters are generally based on synthetic fiber polymers derived from petroleum residues and have limited functionality, so the use of MOFs in combination with nanofiber air filters has received a lot of attention. Here, a conjugated electrostatic spinning method is demonstrated for the one-step preparation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibrous membranes with a bimodal diameter distribution and the anchoring of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) by the introduction of TiO2 and in situ generation to construct favorable multiscale fibers and rough structures...

Tissue engineering constitutes the most promising method of severe peripheral nerve injuries treatment and is considered as an alternative to autografts. To provide appropriate conditions during recovery special biomaterials called nerve guide conduits are required. An ideal candidate for this purpose should not only be biocompatible and protect newly forming tissue but also promote the recovery process. In this article a novel, multilayered biomaterial based on polyvinylpyrrolidone, collagen and chitosan of gradient structure modified with conductive nanoparticles is presented...

An original approach has been proposed for designing a nanofibrous (NF) layer using UV-cured polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a matrix, incorporating mesoporous graphene carbon (MGC) nanopowder both inside and outside the fibers, creating a sandwich-like structure. This architecture is intended to selectively adsorb and detect acetic acid vapors, which are known to cause health issues in exposed workers. The nanocomposite MGC-PVP-NFs layer was fabricated through electrospinning deposition onto interdigitated microelectrodes (IDEs) and stabilized under UV-light irradiation...

The hydrophilic and low mechanical properties limited the application of starch-based films. In this work, a hydrophobic starch-based nanofiber mat was first successfully prepared from aqueous solution at room temperature by using electrospinning and glutaraldehyde (GTA) vapor phase crosslinking techniques for active packaging applications. Catechin (CAT) was immobilized in the nanofibers by electrospinning, resulting in higher thermal stability (Tdmax  = 315.23 °C), antioxidant (DPPH scavenging activity = 94...

Wound healing of the oral mucosa is an urgent problem in modern dental surgical practice. This research article presents and compares the findings of the investigations of the structural, physicochemical, and biological characteristics of two types of polymeric membranes used for the regeneration of oral mucosa. The membranes were prepared from poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) and a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene (VDF-TeFE) and analyzed via scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy...

Dressings with multiple functional performances (such as hemostasis, promoting regeneration, analgesia, and anti-inflammatory effects) are highly desired in orthopedic surgery. Herein, several new kinds of medicated nanofibers loaded with several active ingredients for providing multiple functions were prepared using the modified coaxial electrospinning processes. With an electrospinnable solution composed of polycaprolactone and fenoprofen as the core working fluid, several different types of unspinnable fluids (including pure solvent, nanosuspension containing tranexamic acid and hydroxyapatite, and dilute polymeric solution comprising tranexamic acid, hydroxyapatite, and polyvinylpyrrolidone) were explored to implement the modified coaxial processes for creating the multifunctional nanofibers...