Er:yag

PURPOSE: To measure the dynamic characteristics of the flow field in a complex root canal model activated by two laser-activated irrigation (LAI) modalities at different activation energy outputs: photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) and microshort pulse (MSP). METHODS: A phase-locked micro-scale Particle Image Velocimetry (µPIV) system was employed to characterise the temporal variations of LAI-induced velocity fields in the root canal following a single laser pulse...

Introduction: Endodontic treatment of teeth with periapical lesions presents more clinical difficulty. Various lasers in several methods are used in endodontics, and most of them are utilized as an adjunctive protocol in order to reduce the bacterial load of the root canal system. Improved disinfection plays a crucial role in enhanced and accelerated healing of periapical lesions. This review aims to summarize studies assessing the effect of lasers on periapical lesion healing. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science (ISI) online databases were searched, with no publication year or status restriction, for relevant articles on April 2023...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the penetration of a dye in root dentin after activation with different laser wavelengths. MATERIALS: Palatal roots of 38 human molars were enlarged and disinfected. Irrigation activation was performed with an Er:YAG laser: @50 mJ, 15 Hz (Er:YAG); a 9.3 µm CO2 laser: @40% power (CO2 ); diode lasers 455 nm/970 nm: @0.8 W, 15 Hz (D455, D970) and 808/980 nm: @1 W (D808, D980) and compared to positive control: etching with 35% H3 PO4 (POS); negative control: water (NEG) and conventional needle irrigation: NaOCl and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (CONV)...

OBJECTIVES: The frenum is a mucous membrane fold that attaches the lip and the cheek to the alveolar mucosa, the gingiva, and the underlying periosteum. Frenectomy is the surgical removal of the whole frenum, including the area connected to the bones. This study's purpose was to compare the healing period and postsurgical pain experienced by patients operated with diode and erbium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Er:YAG) lasers. METHODS: Twenty referred patients need to excision of the abnormal upper labial frenum were included in this study...

BACKGROUND: Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is a prevalent precancerous lesion with limited non-pharmacological treatment options. Surgery and various lasers are the mainstay of treatment; however, their relative efficacy and optimal choice remain unclear. This first network meta-analysis compared the effects of different lasers and surgical excision on post-treatment recurrence and comfort in OLK patients. METHODS: We searched four databases for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to April 2023...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the tooth-supporting structures triggered by the host's immune response towards the bacterial deposits around the teeth. It is well acknowledged that pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, MCP-1 as well as the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, are the key modulators in the activation of this response. Erbium-doped yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Er:YAG) laser, a solid-state crystal laser have been commonly used in the treatment of periodontal diseases...

BACKGROUND: This study assessed the effect of corticotomy with Er: YAG (erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet) laser on the rate of canine retraction. METHODS: This randomized split-mouth controlled clinical trial was conducted on 12 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with extraction of maxillary first premolars. Following initial leveling and alignment, an alginate impression was made from the maxillary arch, and Er: YAG laser corticotomy was performed in one of the maxillary quadrants of each patient...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effectiveness of Er:YAG and Nd:YAG laser on dentin hypersensitivity prevention, associated or not to acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) after erosive challenge. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 104 specimens were obtained from bovine dentine and divided into groups (n=13): G1: Er:YAG; G2: Er:YAG followed by application of APF; G3: application of APF followed by Er:YAG, simultaneously; G4: Nd:YAG; G5: Nd:YAG followed by application of APF; G6: application of APF followed by Nd:YAG, simultaneously; G7:application of APF; G8: untreated...

Objective: This article aims to review the safety and efficacy of the Er:YAG laser in debonding dental accessories. Methods: This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Articles published between 2010 and 2022 on the removal of dental accessories using erbium laser were searched. The selected articles were then classified according to the accessories used: adhesives, brackets, restorations, or implant crowns. Enamel surface roughness, shear bond strength, adhesive remnant index, duration time (t), pulp chamber temperature (T), morphology (M), and other variables were then noted...

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INTRODUCTION: Histological alterations were evaluated in this study after tooth preparation with carbide burs using a traditional handpiece and Er: YAG laser. METHODS: Tooth preparation was done on 30 intact maxillary first premolars of healthy patients. Ten maxillary first premolars were used as control, wherein no tooth preparation was done. Box-shaped tooth preparation was done on the occlusal surface of maxillary first premolars using carbide bur in the handpiece and Er: YAG laser ( n = 10)...

OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study aims to compare the efficacy rates in treating hypertrophic scars among four distinct groups of patients who either underwent fractional Erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser or microplasma radiofrequency technology as standalone treatments or in combination with compound betamethasone transdermal administration. METHOD: The study retrospectively examined 208 patients treated at our institution from April 2011 to December 2022 for hypertrophic scars, receiving no less than three treatments (with an interval of 8 weeks between each)...

AIM: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of 30° -angled Er:YAG laser tip and different periodontal instruments on root surface roughness and morphology in vitro. METHODS: Eighteen bovine teeth root without carious lesion were decoronated from the cementoenamel junction and seperated longitidunally. A total of 36 obtained blocks were mounted in resin blocks and polished with silicon carbide papers under water irrigation. These blocks were randomly assigned into 3 treatment groups...

Background: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser treatment in female patients with mild-to-moderate stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: From July 2018 to June 2020, 72 female patients with mild-to-moderate SUI were enrolled in this study. A baseline assessment was conducted, which included a 1-hour pad test, the validated International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF), postvoid residual (PVR) testing, pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) testing, and a cough stress test...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) on dentin surface morphology and bonding strength after irradiation of Er:YAG laser. METHODS: Eighty-four laser-irradiated dentin samples were randomly distributed into three groups (n = 28/group) according to different surface conditioning process: deionized water for 60s; 1wt% chitosan for 60s; or 1wt% CMCS for 60s. Two specimens from each group were subjected to TEM analysis to confirm the presence of extrafibrillar demineralization on dentin fibrils...

SIGNIFICANCE: Pathologic scarring occurs secondary to imbalances in the cellular mechanisms of wound healing and affects millions of people annually. This review article aims to provide a concise overview of the pathophysiology and management of pathologic scarring for clinicians and scientists alike. RECENT ADVANCES: Contemporary research in the field has identified aberrations in TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathways as key drivers of pathologic scar formation; indeed, this pathway is targeted by many treatment modalities and translational investigations currently underway...

BACKGROUND: Limited research exists on laser treatment of giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN). OBJECTIVE: We sought to elucidate the efficacy of the Erbium: YAG laser on GCMN and the histologic factors associated with a positive clinical response. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 2019 and 2022, we enrolled 30 medium-to-giant CMN patients who underwent Er: YAG laser treatment. All patients received biopsies before and after laser treatments...

PURPOSE: To compare the debonding time of IPS e.max CAD lithium disilicate glass-ceramic veneers in different thickness and transparency using Er:YAG laser, and evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser on the surface topography of the veneers and the underlying tooth. METHODS: A total of twelve maxillary first premolar teeth were collected and prepared, then veneers were made by computer aided design and computer aided manufacture(CAD/CAM) system. The veneers were divided into four groups according to different thicknesses and transparency: e...

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of the pre-application of a dentin-bonding agent and the application of different lasers on the prevention of tooth discoloration caused by mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in the presence of blood. Sixty extracted human anterior teeth were selected, with root lengths standardized to 10 mm and root canals shaped using Gates-Glidden drills #3 to #5. The samples were divided into six groups ( n = 10): Group 1 with no surface treatment and Groups 2 to 6 with Optibond universal adhesive and Neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG), Erbium yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG), Erbium-chromium-yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er:Cr:YSGG), and diode laser applications, respectively...

PURPOSE: To investigate the differences between irrigant propagation and temperature changes using laser-activated irrigation (LAI) at different settings in an artificial root canal model. METHODS: Using an artificial resin root canal model, irrigant activation was achieved in 19 experimental groups with eight samples each. A 9,300 nm CO₂ laser, two diode lasers with different settings (wavelengths 455, 808, 970, and 980 nm) were compared to 2,940 nm Er:YAG laser and traditional needle irrigation...