TVR signaling

Approximately 20 % of human cancers are associated with virus infection. DNA tumor viruses can induce tumor formation in host cells by disrupting the cell's DNA replication and repair mechanisms. Specifically, these viruses interfere with the host cell's DNA damage response (DDR), which is a complex network of signaling pathways that is essential for maintaining the integrity of the genome. DNA tumor viruses can disrupt these pathways by expressing oncoproteins that mimic or inhibit various DDR components, thereby promoting genomic instability and tumorigenesis...

Despite enabling Streptococcus pneumoniae to acquire antibiotic resistance and evade vaccine-induced immunity, transformation occurs at variable rates across pneumococci. Phase variants of isolate RMV7, distinguished by altered methylation patterns driven by the translocating variable restriction-modification (tvr) locus, differed significantly in their transformation efficiencies and biofilm thicknesses. These differences were replicated when the corresponding tvr alleles were introduced into an RMV7 derivative lacking the locus...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a significant role in the development of cervical cancers in the setting of co-infection with HIV. Botswana has a high prevalence of HIV and cervical cancer. In this study, we investigated the distribution of HPV subtypes in cervical cancer biopsy samples from patients in Botswana using a highly sensitive pan-pathogen microarray technology, PathoChip, to detect both high- (HR-HPV) and low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) subtypes in women living with HIV (WLWH) and women living without HIV...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate improvements in 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT image quality due to using total variation regularized expectation maximization (TVR-EM) and ordered subset expectation maximization (OS-EM) reconstruction. METHODS: Data from a total of 24 patients were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Positron emission tomography (PET) images were reconstructed using OS-EM and TVR-EM for 2 and 3 minutes-per-bed (min/bed) acquisition. The SUVmean of a region-of-interest on the liver, image noise, signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), the SUVmax of the lesions and the tumour-to-background ratios (TBR) were measured and compared between the 2 methods...

Herpesviruses evade host immunity to establish persistent lifelong infection with dormant latent and replicative lytic phases. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated virus (KSHV) are double-stranded DNA herpesviruses that encode components to activate RNA sensors, (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5). Yet both viruses can effectively evade the antiviral immune response. The ability of these viruses to disarm RIG-I to evade immunity allowing viral persistency can contribute to the creation of a protected niche that facilitates tumour growth and immune evasion...

Coronary artery calcification is frequently observed in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Calcified nodule (CN) is recognized as one of the vulnerable plaque characteristics responsible for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Although CN is a cause of ACS in only 10%, its prevalence may be higher in elderly patients and/or ESRD. The aim of this study is to investigate incidence, clinical characteristics, and prognostic impact of CN in CAD patients with ESRD on dialysis. A total of 51 vessels from 49 CAD patients with ESRD on dialysis were enrolled in this study...

At present, high-speed underwater acoustic communication requires underwater transducers with the characteristics of low frequency and broadband. The low-frequency transducers also are expected to be low-frequency directional for realization of point-to-point communication. In order to achieve the above targets, this paper proposes a new type of flextensional transducer which is constructed of double mosaic piezoelectric ceramic rings and spherical cap metal shells. The transducer realizes broadband transmission by means of the coupling between radial vibration of the piezoelectric rings and high-order flexural vibration of the spherical cap metal shells...

BACKGROUND: In patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the role of systemic therapeutic hypothermia remains controversial. We sought to investigate the role of systemic therapeutic hypothermia versus standard of care in patients with acute MI treated with PCI. METHODS: This is a study-level meta-analysis of randomized trials. The primary outcome was all-cause death. The main secondary outcome was infarct size...

Mechanical vibration applied directly to the muscle belly or tendon has been reported to elicit a specific reflex loop named tonic vibration reflex (TVR), which involves motor unit (MU) activation synchronized and un-synchronized within the vibration cycle. Indirect application of vibration to the muscle by vibration exercise (VE) has also been suggested to evoke TVR, as evidenced by the spectral peaks observed at the vibration frequency in the surface electromyography (sEMG). However, other studies interpreted these spectral peaks as the result of motion artifacts (MAs)...

The advances in wireless communications are still very limited when intended to be used on Underwater Communication Systems mainly due to the adverse proprieties of the submarine channel to the acoustic and radio frequency (RF) waves propagation. This work describes the development and characterization of a polyvinylidene difluoride ultrasound transducer to be used as an emitter in underwater wireless communications. The transducer has a beam up to 10° × 70° degrees and a usable frequency band up to 1 MHz...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Intraplaque cholesterol crystal (CC) is recognized as a component of vulnerable plaques. However, the clinical characteristics of patients with CC and the impact of CC on clinical events remain unknown. METHODS: A total of 340 consecutive patients who underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of culprit lesions were included in the study. CC was defined as a thin linear structure with high reflectivity and low signal attenuation on OCT images...

Objective Pituitary adenoma MRI T2 signal intensity associates with tumor characteristics including responsiveness to somatostatin analogs (SSAs). These analyses determined whether baseline T2 signal intensity predicts response to primary medical treatment with long-acting SSA. Design Post-hoc analyses of the prospective multicenter, open-label, single-arm PRIMARYS study in which patients with treatment-naïve GH-secreting pituitary macroadenomas received fixed-dose lanreotide autogel (120mg) every 4-weeks for 48-weeks...

The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is an adenosine triphosphate-gated ion channel that is predominantly expressed on microglial cells in the central nervous system. We report the clinical qualification of P2X7-specific PET ligand 18 F-JNJ-64413739 in healthy volunteers, including dosimetry, kinetic modeling, test-retest variability, and blocking by the P2X7 antagonist JNJ-54175446. Methods: Whole-body dosimetry was performed in 3 healthy male subjects by consecutive whole-body PET/CT scanning, estimation of the normalized cumulated activity, and calculation of the effective dose using OLINDA (v1...

Although new targeted therapies, such as ibrutinib and idelalisib, have made a large impact on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients, the disease is often fatal because patients are initially resistant to these targeted therapies, or because they eventually develop resistance. New drugs and treatments are necessary for these patients. One attractive approach is to inhibit multiple parallel pathways that drive the growth of these hematologic tumors, possibly prolonging the duration of the response and reducing resistance...

INTRODUCTION: From early pregnancy, maternal hemodynamic profile begins to change. The absence of these changes leads to increased risk of complication during the gestation. OBJECTIVES: Aim of this study is to understand in early pregnancy the behaviour of total vascular resistances (TVR) as a sign of maternal cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy. METHOD: A cross section study was conducted. We followed 160 healthy women with singleton pregnancy during the first trimester of gestation...

INTRODUCTION: In pregnancy there is an increase in maternal cardiac output (CO) and a reduction in total vascular resistance (TVR). Abnormalities of this adaptive mechanisms lead to numerous disorders of pregnancy. Moreover the mother's body water composition undergoes important modifications in total body water (TBW), extracellular and intracellular body water (EBW, IBW). OBJECTIVES: Aim of the study is to identify a group of patients at high risk of developing hypertensive complications of pregnancy in frist trimester...

INTRODUCTION: Maternal cardiovascular system adapts to pregnancy, thanks to complex physiological mechanisms that involve cardiac output, total vascular resistance and water body distribution. Abnormalities of these adaptive mechanisms are connected with hypertensive disorders. OBJECTIVE: To identify patients at a high risk of developing hypertensive complications of pregnancy during the first trimester of pregnancy, through the use of non-invasive methods such as USCOM (Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor) and Bioimpedance...

The objective of our study was to assess the role of persistent inward currents, or PICs, on the excitability of motoneurons innervating spastic muscle in hemi-spastic stroke individuals. This was accomplished by examining the effects of tonic vibration applied to the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle. The elicited TVR (tonic vibration reflex) provides a useful way to assess the degree of excitability of spinal neurons in spastic syndromes, and it has additional features that may signify the presence of PICs in spastic motoneurons...

This paper describes an innovative, easy-to-interpret, clinically translatable tool for analysis of Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SSEPs). Unlike traditional analysis, which involves peak-to-peak amplitude and latency calculation, this method, phase space analysis, analyzes the overall morphology of the SSEP, and includes greater information. The SSEP is plotted in phase space (x-dot vs. x), which leads to an approximately spiral curve. The area swept out by this curve is termed the Phase Space Area (PSA)...

Underwater acoustic orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) enables simple frequency domain equalization, but its performance is often limited by intercarrier interference (ICI) that is induced by channel variation, in addition to the ambient noise. As the signal itself, the variance of the ICI is frequency dependent as (i) the transmitter often has a nonideal transmit voltage response (TVR) and (ii) underwater acoustic propagation introduces frequency dependent attenuation. In this paper, a simple method to account for the frequency dependent spectrum of the ICI plus noise is proposed...