Pigment epithelial detachment

IMPORTANCE: Vision-language models (VLMs) are a novel artificial intelligence technology capable of processing image and text inputs. While demonstrating strong generalist capabilities, their performance in ophthalmology has not been extensively studied. OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of the Gemini Pro VLM in expert-level tasks for macular diseases from optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study evaluating a generalist VLM on ophthalmology-specific tasks using the open-source Optical Coherence Tomography Image Database...

Background: Subretinal hyper-reflective material (SHRM) sometimes causes vision loss in spite of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD). We evaluated the impacts of combination therapy with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in eyes with nvAMD accompanying SHRM. Methods: In total, 25 eyes of 25 patients (16 men and 9 women, 76.7 years old), who underwent IVR/tPA for nvAMD with SHRM and were followed up for at least 12 months, were retrospectively reviewed...

RATIONALE: The bullous variant of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a severe form of chronic CSC. Patients with the bullous variant of CSC have an increased risk of experiencing multiple pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment for the bullous variant of CSC. RPE tear is a possible postoperative complication of PDT for eyes with PEDs. To our knowledge, no cases of giant RPE tears following PDT for the bullous variant of CSC have been reported previously...

This study aimed to elucidate 1-year outcomes following switching to the aflibercept (3 mg) therapy for treatment-resistant wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD). In this prospective, open-label, non-controlled clinical trial, 18 patients with wAMD who had multiple recurrences or persistent exudation despite intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents (except aflibercept) received a 3-mg intravitreal aflibercept injection every 4 weeks. Each patient received 3 to 8 injections...

Macular edema, a prevalent ocular complication observed in various retinal diseases, can lead to significant vision loss or blindness, necessitating accurate and timely diagnosis. Despite the potential of deep learning for segmentation of macular edema, challenges persist in accurately identifying lesion boundaries, especially in low-contrast and noisy regions, and in distinguishing between Inner Retinal Fluid (IRF), Sub-Retinal Fluid (SRF), and Pigment Epithelial Detachment (PED) lesions. To address these challenges, we present a novel approach, termed Semantic Uncertainty Guided Cross-Transformer Network (SuGCTNet), for the simultaneous segmentation of multi-class macular edema...

The objective of this study is to define structure-function relationships of pathological lesions related to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using microperimetry and multimodal retinal imaging. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 87 patients with AMD (30 eyes with early and intermediate AMD and 110 eyes with advanced AMD), compared to 33 normal controls (66 eyes) recruited from a single tertiary center. All participants had enface and cross-sectional optical coherence tomography (Heidelberg HRA-2), OCT angiography, color and infra-red (IR) fundus and microperimetry (MP) (Nidek MP-3) performed...

PURPOSE: To assess the short-term outcomes of intravitreal faricimab (IVF) for previously treated refractory neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in a real-world setting. METHODS: A retrospective monocentric study including 44 eyes treated with an upload of 4 × monthly intravitreal injections (IVI) of faricimab 6 mg/0.05 mL and followed for 4 weeks after last IVI (16 W). Patients were switched to IVF after treatment with at least three other anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGF)...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Here, we report a case of a male patient with bilateral focal choroidal excavation (FCE) and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). A 33-year-old man complained of mild blurring of vision in the right eye. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed FCE in both eyes, with subretinal fluid in both eyes and serous pigment epithelial detachment in the right eye. Standard laser fluence (50 J/cm2 ) was used in the right eye, and a subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) was simultaneously used in the left eye...

This retrospective study aimed to determine the short-term efficacy and safety of brolucizumab treatment for recalcitrant neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in a real-world setting in Taiwan. Recalcitrant nAMD patients who were treated with brolucizumab from November 2021 to August 2022 at Taipei Veterans General Hospital were included. Patients were followed for 3 months after switching to brolucizumab. The primary outcomes were changes in mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) from baseline to the third month...

PURPOSE: To quantify metamorphopsia in patients with resolved idiopathic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) using M-CHARTS and compare the results with the traditional Amsler grid and optical coherence tomography (OCT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: For the purpose of this study, all consecutive cases of patients with resolved CSCR were evaluated for metamorphopsia (using the standard Amsler grid and M-CHARTS) and spectral domain OCT. The OCT images were analyzed for the following five parameters: central macular thickness, pigment epithelial detachment, retinal pigment epithelial bumps, discontinuation in the inner segment/outer segment junction or the external limiting membrane, fibrinous exudates in the subretinal space, and hyperreflective dots in the intraretinal and/or subretinal layer...

PURPOSE: Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is an extremely rare, aggressive, multi-system disease that can affect the eye. We describe the ophthalmic presentation, multimodal imaging and treatment response of uveal IVLBCL. METHODS: Review and case report. RESULTS: Twenty-five published cases of IVLBCL involving the eye including our own were identified. Of these, 15 patients (60%) had clinically-detectable intraocular involvement, 6 (24%) had extraocular ophthalmic involvement only and 4 (16%) had subclinical, undiagnosed intraocular involvement that was retrospectively detected on post-mortem ocular histopathology...

The estimation of central choroidal thickness from colour fundus images can improve disease detection. We developed a deep learning method to estimate central choroidal thickness from colour fundus images at a single institution, using independent datasets from other institutions for validation. A total of 2,548 images from patients who underwent same-day optical coherence tomography examination and colour fundus imaging at the outpatient clinic of Jichi Medical University Hospital were retrospectively analysed...

PURPOSE: To report a case of uveitis associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) that was refractory to multiple lines of therapy but achieved remission with tocilizumab. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the patient's medical record including clinical, biological and imaging data. RESULTS: A 33-year-old female patient with a history of MS inactive for 5 years on teriflunomide, and no significant medical or ophthalmological history, presented with bilateral granulomatous panuveitis...

PURPOSE: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a severe vision-threatening complication that can result into proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and re-detachment of the retina if recovery from surgery fails. Inflammation and changes in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are important contributors to the disease. Here, we studied the effects of simvastatin and amfenac on ARPE-19 cells under inflammatory conditions. METHODS: ARPE-19 cells were pre-treated with simvastatin and/or amfenac for 24 h after which interleukin (IL)-1α or IL-1β was added for another 24 h...

Background Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections have been successful in reducing vision loss from neovascular age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness. Due to the high treatment burden and suboptimal responses, switching to bi-specific faricimab treatment may lead to improved outcomes. Methods This retrospective chart review evaluated if suboptimal responders to anti-VEGF injections had better outcomes when switched to faricimab. Suboptimal responders were defined as patients with a history of >3 months of injections and the presence of fluid after ≥3 injections...

Two field cases of reddish-black pigmenturia occurred where cattle grazed on an established Cenchrus ciliaris (blue buffalo grass) pasture in South Africa. The pasture was noticeably invaded by Indigofera cryptantha, which was heavily grazed. Apart from the discolored urine, no other clinical abnormalities were detected. Urinalysis revealed hemoglobinuria, proteinuria and an alkaline pH. When the animals were immediately removed from the infested pasture, they made an uneventful recovery. However, a bull died when one of the herds could not be removed from the I...

BACKGROUND: The goals of this study are to evaluate potential long-term visual deterioration associated with retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tears in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and to find treatment-related and morphological factors that might influence the outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 21 eyes of 21 patients from the database of Vista Eye Clinic Binningen, Switzerland, diagnosed with RPE tears, as confirmed by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), with a minimum follow-up period of 12 months...

PURPOSE: To compare the visual outcome and fluid features of a proposed biosimilar, CKD-701, versus the reference ranibizumab in eyes with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). METHODS: This was a post hoc analysis of a phase 3 randomized clinical trial assessing the efficacy and safety of CKD-701 and ranibizumab. A total of 73 PCV eyes were assigned randomly to either CKD-701 (36 eyes) or ranibizumab (37 eyes). The mean changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), pigment epithelial detachment (PED) volume, and fluid features were compared...