Coombs positive hemolytic anemia

The immunodiagnostic assessment of dogs suspected of having immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is based on persistent autoagglutination of erythrocytes (after three saline washes), marked spherocytosis, and a positive direct antiglobulin (Coombs') test (DAT). However, the value of using the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) for the detection of anti-erythrocytic autoantibodies in serum from dogs suspected of having IMHA is unclear. To evaluate the IAT, leftover serum samples from a large cohort of 94 dogs suspected of having IMHA and for which DAT results were known were incubated with DAT- erythrocytes, and five IAT techniques were performed (in part with different reagents and temperatures): microtiter plate (MICRO), microcapillary, laboratory gel column, gel minitube kit (GEL KIT), and immunochromatographic strip kit...

BACKGROUND: Drug-mediated immune hemolysis is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. Based on a case of penicillin-induced immune hemolysis, a structured literature review of case reports and studies on penicillin-mediated Drug-Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia (DIIHA) was carried out. CASE REPORT: A 28-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with gross hematuria and non-specific abdominal complaints. The patient had a 10-day history of respiratory infection with bacterial tonsillitis, treated orally with penicillin V on an outpatient basis...

INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are considered to be safe. Only few cases of vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia or immune hemolysis have been reported so far. Evans syndrome (ES) is a very rare syndrome characterized mainly by warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 47-year-old male with a history of wAIHA, diagnosed in 1995 and successfully treated with glucocorticoids, with sustained remission...

Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is an immune-mediated condition caused by the production of maternal antibodies to fetal red blood cells. This condition most commonly arises due to Rh factor incompatibility. The case presented here displays an example of HDFN in which the mother and fetus's blood type was O+. Upon further investigation, it was determined that the mother is a producer of anti-Gonzales antibodies (anti-Go(a)). With no cases published in the 21st century, this antibody is a rare cause of HDFN...

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a common disease entity among adults; however, it is rare among the pediatric age group. Evidence is scarce regarding pediatric AIHA in the literature. The objective of this study is to assess the frequency of AIHA and describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics and treatment outcomes of a cohort of children with AIHA in Egypt. A retrospective study was conducted on 50 children with AIHA who were registered and followed up at the New Children's Hospital in Cairo, Egypt, between January 2010 and January 2021...

BACKGROUND Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive hereditary condition characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and painful vaso-occlusive episodes. Homozygous sickle cell patients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from malaria. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) secondary to, or in the setting of, malarial infection is rare. In our case, the concurrence of Plasmodium falciparum malarial parasitemia and AIHA led to severe hemolytic anemia with an extensive packed red blood cell transfusion requirement...

Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is a rare blistering skin manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Dapsone is reported to be helpful in mild-to-moderate BSLE cases; however, its use may be limited or prohibited due to particular complications such as drug hypersensitivity, dose-dependent hemolytic anemia, and other significant hematologic abnormalities. Rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been reported with off-label use in BSLE patients, but data are still limited. Hence, our objective is to explore the efficacy of rituximab among these patients...

This report and literature review describes a case of a Coombs test-positive warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in a patient following routine spinal surgery without complications. This is the first reported case of symptomatic direct Coombs test-positive warm antibody AIHA developing in a neurosurgical patient. The patient is a 73-year-old female with left radicular leg pain who developed warm antibody AIHA following standard uncomplicated spinal surgery. A positive direct Coombs test confirmed the diagnosis in combination with characteristic laboratory values...

Recently, Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) has emerged as an important therapy not only for Hodgkin's Lymphoma, but also for CD30-positive T cell lymphomas. Although anemia and thrombocytopenia are common myelosuppressive side effects, to our knowledge, this is the first described case of Evans Syndrome associated with BV therapy. We present the case of a 64-year-old female, diagnosed with relapsed Peripheral T Cell Lymphoma Not Otherwise Specified (PTCL-NOS), who, after receiving six cycles of BV, developed authentic severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia with strong positive direct anti-globulin (Coombs) test, simultaneously associated with severe immune thrombocytopenia...

An 86-year-old man presented with recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgery. Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab was initiated. After the third course of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy, petechial purpura appeared on the extremities and trunk. Laboratory tests revealed isolated severe thrombocytopenia without evidence of combined coagulopathy. He was diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and high-dose immunoglobulin and Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies were administered...

INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare complication of chicken pox. In adults, such AIHA is due to warm antibodies. We report a case of cold antibody AIHA following chicken pox in a young female. CASE REPORT: A 24-year-old female presented with clinical and laboratory features consistent with hemolytic anemia 5 days after the onset of chicken pox. Her hemoglobin levels dropped rapidly during the course of admission from 7.9 to 3.8 g/dL with evidence of ongoing haemolysis in the form of rising total and indirect bilirubin...

A 10-year-old spayed female domestic short-haired cat presented with depression, anorexia, and tachypnea. A complete blood count revealed moderate regenerative anemia, severe leukopenia, and mild thrombocytopenia. Antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were also detected. Abdominal radiography and ultrasonography revealed severe splenomegaly. Cytologic evaluation of the spleen revealed macrophagic infiltration with hemophagocytosis. Bone marrow aspiration revealed erythroid hyperplasia with no other abnormalities...

A wide spectrum of extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) can burden patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). EIMs contribute fairly to morbidity and mortality rates in IBD patients. Moreover, EIMs in IBD patients are so frequent that some suggest that IBD should be approached as a systemic disorder. Anemia is very common in IBD patients. The two most common types of anemia in IBD, iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic disease, are extraintestinal complications. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare extraintestinal manifestation of IBD, more frequent in ulcerative colitis (UC) than in Crohn's disease (CD)...

Hemolysis is a well-recognized but poorly characterized phenomenon in a subset of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Its pathobiological basis seems to underpin a nonimmune etiology whose clinical significance has not been adequately characterized. Hemolysis in MDS is often attributed to either ineffective intramedullary erythropoiesis or acquired hemoglobinopathies and red blood cell (RBC) membrane defects. These heterogenous processes have not been associated with specific genetic subsets of disease...

BACKGROUND: ABO blood group incompatibility, neonatal sepsis, G-6-PD deficiency, thyroid dysfunction, and hereditary spherocytosis are all probable causes of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. However, the etiology of some hyperbilirubinemia is extremely complicated, which may be caused by multiple factors, resulting in severe jaundice. We report a case of severe jaundice due to three causes, showing the significance for the investigation of the etiology of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. CASE PRESENTATION: At 96 h of life, a full-term and vaginal delivery male infant with yellowish discoloration of body was transferred to our hospital...

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune condition with intestinal and extra-intestinal features. Extra intestinal features including hematological, neurological, and endocrine symptoms are seen more frequently in elder children. A 4 years 7 months old male child presented in clinic with history of abdominal pain and diarrhea on and off for 1 year. On examination, he was hemodynamically stable, pale, and malnourished with distended abdomen. He was investigated for CD, Anti TTG IgA <0.1 (positive >10), Anti TTG IgG 13 (positive >10)...

We report the cases of two children who presented with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) as an initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Both patients had a positive Coombs test, anemia, and an increased number of spherocytes in their blood smear. The patient in Case 1 presented with fever, urticarial erythema, facial paresis, AIHA, and leucopenia. Immunological screening revealed low complement protein levels and positive anti-nuclear antibody, anti-double-stranded DNA, and antiphospholipid antibody results...

Previous case reports have described patients with COVID-19-associated autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), and cold agglutinin disease (CAD) which is characterized by a positive direct antiglobulin (DAT) or "Coombs" test, yet the mechanism is not well understood. To investigate the significance of Coombs test reactivity among COVID-19 patients, we conducted a retrospective study on hospitalized COVID-19 patients treated at NMC Royal Hospital between 15 April and 30 May 2020. There were 27 (20%) patients in the Coombs-positive group and 108 (80%) in the Coombs-negative group...

There are hundreds of twin adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but male children with SLE are rarely affected. Two monozygotic twin brothers developed SLE at the age of 11 years during 1 month. The index brother manifested with Henoch-Shonlein purpura, accompanied by ANA positivity, and later developed critical left femoral arterial stenosis with high levels of anti-dsDNA, antiphospholipid antibodies, hypocomplementemia, and Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia. At that time his twin brother had only identical autoimmune findings and developed clinical manifestation (myositis and fasciitis) a month later...

Incremental changes in the diagnosis of breast cancer leave drastic impacts on patients. There are detrimental shifts in cost, psychological disorders in terms of depression, and morbidities. Stage IV breast cancer has a high mortality rate and was afflicting our patient who was diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) neo negative, and low Ki-67. Among the various management modalities and effective treatments, capecitabine was selected because of its benefits; however, there are several commonly known adverse effects when using capecitabine including non-immune hemolytic anemia, a very rare and unexpected side effect despite the many research and clinical trials performed...