Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid

BACKGROUND: Acute tonsillopharyngitis is one of the most common types of respiratory tract infections. In case of bacterial etiologies of the disease, penicillin antibiotics are prescribed, in particular amoxicillin + clavulanic acid. Dispersible forms of antibiotics have a number of advantages over film-coated tablets and are characterized by better pharmacokinetic parameters that increase the effectiveness and safety of treatment, as well as patient compliance. AIM: To compare the effectiveness and safety of Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid EXPRESS in the form of dispersible tablets and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid in film-coated tablets in the treatment of acute streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis...

The advent of rapid whole-genome sequencing has created new opportunities for computational prediction of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes from genomic data. Both rule-based and machine learning (ML) approaches have been explored for this task, but systematic benchmarking is still needed. Here, we evaluated four state-of-the-art ML methods (Kover, PhenotypeSeeker, Seq2Geno2Pheno and Aytan-Aktug), an ML baseline and the rule-based ResFinder by training and testing each of them across 78 species-antibiotic datasets, using a rigorous benchmarking workflow that integrates three evaluation approaches, each paired with three distinct sample splitting methods...

BACKGROUND: Anal fistula commonly appears after incision and drainage of perianal abscess. Theoretically, fistula develops as a consequence of infection process. Antibiotic treatment was suggested to decrease the possibility of fistula development. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that antibiotic treatment has no influence on development of anal fistula after surgical treatment of perianal abscess. DESIGN: A single blind randomized prospective study...

BACKGROUD: Although not fully investigated, studies show that Legionella pneumophila can develop antibiotic resistance. As there is limited data available for Portugal, we determined the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Portuguese L. pneumophila serogroup 1 (LpnSg1) isolates against antibiotics used in the clinical practice in Portugal. METHODS: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for LpnSg1 clinical (n = 100) and related environmental (n = 7) isolates, collected between 2006-2022 in the context of the National Legionnaire´s Disease Surveillance Programme, against azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, rifampicin, doxycycline, tigecycline, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, using three different assays...

Infectious keratitis is a significant global problem that can lead to corneal blindness and visual impairments. This study aimed to investigate the etiology of infectious bacterial and fungal keratitis, identify the causative pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns, and analyze the risk factors associated with the development of infectious keratitis. The study was observational and retrospective, involving 226 eyes from 223 patients presented at the Ophthalmology Clinic of the County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Craiova, Romania...

In summer 2023, during an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in cats in Poland, a 16-year-old dog was presented to the veterinary clinic with persistent, debilitating, dry cough, submandibular lymphadenomegaly, mild serous nasal discharge, and left apical heart murmur. A preliminary diagnosis of kennel cough was made and the treatment with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and dexamethasone was initiated. Due to the lack of improvement within 2 days, a blood check-up, thoracic radiography and ultrasonography, and echocardiography were performed...

This paper aims to assess the disinfecting capacity of a double-distilled ozonated water solution as an alternative to common antibiotic and antiseptic devices. Seventy-five dogs were subjected to the surgical procedures of scaling and dental extraction and included in three study groups: Group 1 subjected to antibiotic pre-treatment (association amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and ampicillin + metronidazole) and disinfection with chlorhexidine, and Group 2 and 3 devoid of preventive anti-microbial treatment in which disinfection was performed, respectively, with ozonated water and chlorhexidine...

PURPOSE: Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health today. The aim of this study was to analyze antibiotic prescribing patterns and quality of prescribing in Croatian dental practices over a 5-year period. METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study based on the analysis of the electronic prescriptions (medicines in ATC groups J01 and P01) from dental practices in Croatia prescribed from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. Prescriptions were retrieved from the Croatian Health Insurance Fund (HZZO)...

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections and can cause numerous complications of the renal system. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of uropathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: Data was collected from patients with UTIs presented at King Fahad General Hospital in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, UTI microbial-causing agents and antimicrobial resistance profiles identified using automated systems, Phoenix and VITEK2, were collected between July 2022 and June 2023...

OBJECTIVE: Colour stability is important in the long-term aesthetic success of restorative materials and is affected by both internal and external factors. Internal discolourations are due to the properties of the restorative materials. External discolourations can be associated with frequent consumption of food and beverages and the use of suspensions or syrups containing colourants/additives. Fluoride varnish application has an important place in preventive dentistry. The purpose of the research was to examine the protective effect of fluoride varnish application on the colour change on polyacid-modified composite resin restorative materials caused by the use of various paediatric drugs...

PURPOSE: The recent restriction on the use of fluoroquinolones for prophylaxis by the European Commission has left a gap in clear recommendations for practical antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) for transrectal prostate biopsy (TRPB). This analysis investigated the viability of cotrimoxazole for PAP in TRPB. METHODS: This analysis included n = 697 patients who underwent TRPB for suspected prostate cancer (PCa). All patients received either empiric PAP with four doses of cotrimoxazole 960 mg or targeted antibiotic prophylaxis in case of a positive rectal or urine screening for multiresistant gram-negatives...

BACKGROUND: Measuring antimicrobial use is a core component of antimicrobial stewardship. Purchasing data may be easier to obtain than prescription data in some situations, but differences in clinic size, caseload and collection timeframes must be considered. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to evaluate purchases of systemic antibacterial agents by small animal veterinary facilities in 5 networks across 3 countries, using a mg/veterinarian full time equivalent (FTE)/week as the metric...

Urinary tract infections are a common diagnosis in dogs presenting to veterinary practice. Veterinarians often treat suspected infections empirically, either in the absence of culture and susceptibility testing results or whilst waiting for them. This study aimed to identify the bacteria most frequently isolated from canine urinary samples and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in South East Queensland (SEQ) to help guide responsible empirical antimicrobial prescription by the veterinary community in this geographical location...

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen that has a major impact on public health. The objective of the present work was to determine the prevalence and the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility in S aureus (MRSA) isolates from the King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The isolates were collected from different body sites of infection and the antibiotic susceptibility was confirmed on the Vitek 2 system. A total of 371 MRSA isolates from clinical samples were received over a 12-month period from January 2021 to December 2021...

BACKGROUND: Salmonella has become one of the hazards prevalent foodborne pathogens causing different diseases in chickens. However, Salmonella typhimurium (ST), a nonhost-specific serovar, is a major avian agent that causes severe disturbance in young chicken wellness. AIM: The occurrence of Salmonella in chickens and their antimicrobial resistance were explored in this study. In addition, the immune response of 1-day-old broiler chicks, against multidrug resistant (MDR) ST infection, was also assessed at 4 and 24 hours post infection (pi) in the cecum and spleen, representing their mucosal and systemic immune responses, respectively...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global threat and AMR-attributable mortality is particularly high in Central, Eastern, Southern and Western Africa. The burden of clinically infected wounds, skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and surgical site infections (SSI) in these regions is substantial. This systematic review reports the extent of AMR from sampling of these infections in Africa, to guide treatment. It also highlights gaps in microbiological diagnostic capacity. PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase were searched for studies reporting the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericheria coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in clinically infected wounds, SSTI and SSI in Central, Eastern, Southern or Western Africa, and studies reporting AMR from such clinical isolates...

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat to public and animal health. Escherichia coli is considered an indicator organism for monitoring AMR among gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae in humans and animals. The current study aims to assess the antibiogram profile of E. coli isolated from dairy cattle and in-contact humans in central Ethiopia and to identify risk factors associated with multidrug resistance (MDR). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 58 farms were recruited from selected districts of central Ethiopia...

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major public health problems worldwide. This study aimed to detect the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-(ESBL-)producing Escherichia ( E. ) coli in chicken meat in Istanbul, Türkiye. Raw chicken meat samples ( n = 208) were collected from different sale points and analyzed for ESBL-producing E. coli . In total, 101 (48.5%) isolates were confirmed as E. coli by PCR, of which 80/101 (79.2%) demonstrated multiple antibiotic resistance. Resistance against amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was most frequent (87...

AIMS: This study investigated phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles of Vibrio strains identified from Mytilus galloprovincialis farmed for human consumption in the Adriatic Sea Central Italy. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 475 mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were involved in the present study, and culture-dependent microbiological methods permitted to identify a total of 50 Vibrio strains that were tested for antibiotic susceptibility followed by the genetic determinant detections...

BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a multidrug resistant opportunistic pathogen that can cause secondary bacterial infections in patients with COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of E. coli as a secondary bacterial infection in patients with COVID-19 and to assess the prevalence and characterization of genes related to efflux pumps and porin. METHODS: A total of 50 nonduplicate E. coli isolates were collected as secondary bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients...