dental ceramics

Ti(C,N)-based cermet is a kind of composite material composed of a metal binder phase and a Ti(C,N)-hard phase, which is widely used in the fields of cutting machining and wear-resistant parts due to its high hardness, good toughness, wear resistance, and chemical stability. In recent years, the research on the replacement of traditional Ni, Co, and Fe binder phases by novel binder phases such as intermetallic compounds and high-entropy alloys has made remarkable progress, which significantly improves the mechanical properties, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature oxidation resistance of Ti(C,N)-based cermets...

PURPOSE: The composition and properties of resin-based composite materials could affect tooth wear and lead to clinical problems. Therefore, the study objective was to characterize human tooth wear behavior against a bulk-fill restorative (BF) compared to a conventional resin composite (RC) and a CAD/CAM resin nano ceramic (RN). METHODS: Square-shaped specimens of each material were prepared and sub-divided according to the number of testing cycles (n=8): 100,000, 250,000, and 500,000 cycles...

The restoration of endodontically treated teeth is one of the main challenges of restorative dentistry. The structure of the tooth is a complex assembly in which the materials that make it up, enamel and dentin, have very different mechanical behaviors. Therefore, finding alternative replacement materials for dental crowns in the area of restorative care isa highly significant challenge, since materials such as ceramic and zirconia have very different stress load resistance values. The aim of this study is to assess which material, either ceramic or zirconia, optimizes the behavior of a restored tooth under various typical clinical conditions and the masticatory load...

OBJECTIVES: In-office and lab milled prostheses are the staple for indirect restorations. It is therefore critical to determine their long-term bonding durability. METHODS: CAD/ CAM blocks of two classes of restorative materials: 1) a nano-ceramic reinforced polymer matrix (NCPM) and, 2) a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) were bonded using four different universal adhesives (UA) and silane systems. A lithium disilicate glassceramic (LDS) was used as a reference...

The growing demand for composite materials capable of enduring prolonged loads in high-temperature and aggressive environments presents pressing challenges for materials scientists. Ceramic materials composed of silicon carbide largely possess high mechanical strength at a relatively low density, even at elevated temperatures. However, they are inherently brittle in nature, leading to concerns about their ability to fracture. The primary objective of this study was to develop a novel technique for fabricating layered composite materials by incorporating SiC-based ceramics, refractory metals, and their silicides as integral constituents...

This study developed advanced ceramic materials with both healing and decomposition functions using a metastable product generated under superheated steam. The developed composite material comprises ZrC particles dispersed in a yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) matrix. After introducing a surface crack of approximately 120 μm on the composite specimen, it showed a complete strength recovery rate after one hour of heat treatment under superheated steam at 400 °C, while it exhibited a decomposition behavior after one hour of heat treatment in air at 400 °C...

Hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate have been clinically applied as artificial bone materials due to their high biocompatibility. The development of artificial bones requires the verification of safety and efficacy through animal experiments; however, from the viewpoint of animal welfare, it is necessary to reduce the number of animal experiments. In this study, we utilized machine learning to construct a model that estimates the bone-forming ability of bioceramics from material fabrication conditions, material properties, and in vivo experimental conditions...

Studies have reported challenges of debonding of dental zirconia crowns to from luting cement and prepared teeth. The aim of the study was to explore the application of dental glazing systems for enhancing the bonding of zirconia dental ceramics to luting resin cement. Commercial glaze powder and liquid (Vita Akzent) and experimental mica-based glaze powders were used for the study. X-ray diffraction analysis of the glaze powders (XRD) and Fourier Transform InfraRed Spectroscopy (FTIR) was done on the glaze liquid...

OBJECTIVE: examination of the influence of chemical composition changes on the ability of sealers to withstand a pull-out test. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty distal or palatal canals of extracted teeth were prepared by Dc Taper files. The teeth were divided into five groups: AH Plus, BJM RCS, Total Fill BC,AH Plus Bioceramic and a group with Gutta Percha with no sealer added. Ten days after obturation, each cone was subjected to the "pull-out test" with the Shimadzo Universal Testing Machine until it was torn or removed from the canal...

This study was to evaluate the effect of different water amounts and hydrolysis times of silane coupling agent on shear bond strength between lithium disilicate glass ceramic (LDS) and composite resin. Fourteen groups (n=7) of different water amounts (90, 50 and 10%v/v) and hydrolysis times (5, 19, 75 and 300 s) of experimental silane coupling agent that were prepared for silanization, non-silanization and commercial silane coupling agent (CSC) groups. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed no interaction between water amounts and hydrolysis times of ESC on shear bond strength between LDS and composite resin...

To assess color and translucency change (∆E00 and ∆TP) of 3D-printed (Varseosmile crown plus, VS) and milled resin-ceramic hybrid material (Cerasmart, CS) compared to enamel (E) when immersed in distilled water (DW) and coffee (C). Sixty VS, CS, and E specimens were immersed in DW and C for 30 days. Statistics analysis using t-test and one-way ANOVA at p≤0.05. ∆E00 of VS, CS, and E significantly increased when immersed in coffee (p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). E has more ∆E00 than VS and CS (p<0...

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Evidence comparing the survival of zirconia crowns with metal-ceramic crowns is sparse. Knowledge of their survival and a comparison of their clinical outcomes would improve clinical decision making. PURPOSE: The purpose of this university-based study was to compare the survival, failures, biological and technical complications encountered with zirconia and metal-ceramic crowns restored and followed up over a similar period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective chart review consisted of 403 patients treated at the University of Toronto, Faculty of Dentistry, predoctoral dental clinic in whom zirconia (n=209) and metal-ceramic (n=306) crowns were inserted between September 2015 and July 2016 and followed for up to 7 years...

OBJECTIVES: Lithium silicate-based glass ceramics have evolved as a paramount restorative material in restorative and prosthetic dentistry, exhibiting outstanding esthetic and mechanical performance. Along with subtractive machining techniques, this material class has conquered the market and satisfied the patients' needs for a long-lasting, excellent, and metal-free alternative for single tooth replacements and even smaller bridgework. Despite the popularity, not much is known about the material chemistry, microstructure and terminal behaviour...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical behavior of UCLA and Mini-conical abutments for implants with Tri-channel connections regarding torque loss and vertical misfit. Twenty 3-element metal-ceramic fixed partial dentures (FPD) supported by 2 implants were manufactured and divided into 2 groups (n = 10): UCLA (group 1) and Mini-conical Abutments (group 2). The evaluation of torque loss was carried out before and after mechanical cycling, while the vertical fit was evaluated throughout the different stages of manufacturing the prostheses, as well pre- and postcycling (300,000 cycles, 30 N)...

Continuous monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and multiparametric analysis of cardiac functions are crucial for the early diagnosis and therapy of cardiovascular diseases. However, existing monitoring approaches often suffer from bulky and intrusive apparatus, cumbersome testing procedures, and challenging data processing, hampering their applications in continuous monitoring. Here, w e introduce a heterogeneously hierarchical piezoelectric composite for wearable continuous BP and cardiac function monitoring, overcoming the rigidity of ceramic and the insensitivity of polymer...

OBJECTIVES: Thermoplastic polymers show alteration in their mechanical properties after thermoforming on a dental model. The purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the tensile strength of different thermoplastic polymer sheets thermoformed on a pre-treatment (moderate crowding) and post-treatment (well-aligned) maxillary model of a patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty maxillary models (Twenty Pre-treatment & twenty Post-treatment of uniform dimension) were made by duplicating them using alginate Hydrogum 5 (Zhermack)...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the frequency with which orthodontic patients decided to shift to another type of orthodontic appliance, among conventional metal brackets, ceramic brackets, lingual brackets and clear aligner, based on their personal experiences of pain, ulcers, bad breath, hygiene issues and social difficulties. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study comprises of patients seeking orthodontic treatment. The sample (n = 500; age group = 19-25 years) was divided equally into four groups based on the treatment modality: conventional metal brackets, ceramic brackets, lingual brackets and clear aligner...

OBJECTIVES: To compare three different orthodontic adhesives (Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive, Heliosit Orthodontic, Fuji Ortho LC) bonded to two types of orthodontic brackets: ceramic brackets (Fascination Roth 0.22) and metallic brackets (Topic Roth 0.22, Dentaurum). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on 18 human teeth (6 for each adhesive). The prepared teeth were divided into three groups according to the examination time. Subsequently, they were observed after 1, 2 and 3 weeks following bonding...

We report a type of copper-nanocluster-polymer composites and showcase that their 3D nanolattices exhibit a superior combination of high strength, toughness, deformability, resilience and damage-tolerance. Notably, the strength and toughness of ultralight copper-nanocluster-polymer nanolattices in some cases surpass current best performers, including alumina, nickel, and other ceramic or metallic lattices at low densities. Additionally, copper-nanocluster-polymer nanolattices are super-resilient, crack-resistant, and one-step printed under ambient condition which can be easily integrated into sophisticated microsystems as highly effective internal protectors...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility of producing 3D-printed intracoronal restorations, thin and ultrathin veneers, and to compare their mechanical behavior, accuracy, biological, and stain susceptibility to the currently applied milled restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The databases were comprehensively searched for relevant records up to January 2024 without language restrictions. All studies that assessed 3D-printed partial coverage restorations including inlays, onlays, laminate, and occlusal veneers were retrieved...