Portal vein thrombosis children

AIM OF THE STUDY: We aimed to discuss our experience in management of children with extra-hepatic portal vein thrombosis (EHPVT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 62 children with EHPVT. All patients' records were reviewed. The patients' socio-demographic data, post-natal history, disease presentation and clinical examination were collected. Data from laboratory investigations - complete blood count, liver function tests, renal function tests, abdominal ultrasound/Doppler studies, upper endoscopic findings and treatment regimens - were collected whenever available...

Epidemiological evidence suggests that thrombophilic factors, including male sex, non-O blood type, MTHFRnt677TT mutation, factor V Leiden G1691A mutation, and prothrombin G20210A polymorphism, may contribute to the progression of fibrosis and occurrence of portal vein thrombosis in liver disease. We retrospectively investigated the effect of potentially thrombophilic factors on native liver survival as a patient-relevant endpoint of disease progression in a cohort of 142 children being followed up for biliary atresia at Hannover Medical School from April 2017 to October 2019...

BACKGROUND: Splanchnic vein thrombosis due to co-existing metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (pNET) and JAK2V617F mutation is a rare condition. CASE REPORT: Here we present a case of a young woman with complete remission of a non-functioning grade 2 pNET with unresectable liver metastases, coexisting with JAK2V617F mutation. Splenectomy and distal pancreatectomy were performed. Neither surgical removal, nor radiofrequency ablation of the liver metastases was possible...

PURPOSE: To study the relationship between the angiographic pattern of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) and its etiology and clinical manifestations. METHODS: Clinical, etiological, and angiographic findings in 155 children with EHPVO were reviewed. Anatomy of extrahepatic portal venous system (EPVS) was categorized into five imaging patterns. Assessment of the severity of esophageal and gastric varices (EV and GV) was performed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy...

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is a widely available and well-tolerated technique that can expand the diagnosis of a variety of vascular liver diseases. This paper presents an overview of the current possibilities of the use of CEUS in vascular liver diseases. Particularly where Doppler sonography has technical limitations, CEUS provides additional opportunities to visualize vascular thrombosis and other obstructions restricting blood flow. When CT or MRI contrast agents cannot be used because of severe allergy or renal insufficiency, CEUS can be a valuable diagnostic alternative and has demonstrated comparable diagnostic performance in at least some vascular liver diseases, such as portal vein thrombosis...

BACKGROUND Two Pediatric Patients with Splanchnic Venous Thrombosis as a Complication of Acute Pancreatitis Successfully Treated with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Rivaroxaban CASE REPORT Case 1: A 13-year-old girl presented with a second attack of acute pancreatitis. She developed a non-occlusive splenic vein thrombosis diagnosed by CT scan on the sixth day of hospitalization. Injectable low-molecular-weight heparin was started during hospitalization and switched to oral rivaroxaban at discharge. Imaging at follow-up showed resolution of thrombosis...

The two cases we present are the first to demonstrate novel manifestations of COVID-19 related interaction between the liver and the immune system in pediatric patients. Written informed consent was obtained from the parent/guardian to publish this report in accordance with the journal's patient consent policy.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of arthroscopic internal drainage (AID) and cyst wall resection (CWR) in children with popliteal cysts. METHODS: This study included 16 pediatric patients with popliteal cysts and received arthroscopy using the double posteromedial (PM) portal system during June 2020 and June 2021 at The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. Among these pediatric patients, 14 were males and two were females, with the mean age of nine years (range: 7-12 years)...

OBJECTIVE: Extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis (EHPVT) is a common cause of portal hypertension in children. The aim of the present study was to identify the clinical manifestations and the existing risk factors for development of EHPVT in pediatric patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This was a single center retrospective cohort study. In all study participants we described the clinical presentations and the predisposing risk factors for development of EHPVT. In addition, as all of them had undergone an esophagogastroduodenoscopy for detection and grading of esophageal varices as part of the treatment algorithm, we analyzed the endoscopic findings and the therapeutic approach...

BACKGROUND: After pediatric split liver transplantation, intra-abdominal loss of domain due to large-for-size left lateral grafts is a frequent problem for fascial closure and potentially leads to reduced liver perfusion and abdominal compartment syndrome. Therefore, delayed fascial closure with the use of temporary silastic meshes and reoperation or alternative fascial bridging procedures are necessary. METHODS: Between March 2019 and October 2021, biologic meshes were used for abdominal wall expansion in 6 cases of pediatric split liver transplantation...

Introduction The most common etiology of portal hypertension (PH) in children is obstruction at the presinusoidal or sinusoidal level. In addition, portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and biliary atresia are the most prevalent extrahepatic causes. This study aims to evaluate all the possible etiologies leading to PH in the pediatric population and provide the most common cause associated with this condition along with the age group most frequently affected by it. Material and Methods From January 2018 to December 2020, a cross-sectional study was carried out in tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan...

INTRODUCTION: Nephrotic syndrome is a common pathology in children. Despite its good prognosis, it can become complicated and threaten the patient's vital and functional prognosis. Thromboembolic complications are rare but serious. AIM: To study the main thromboembolic events and their outcome during primary nephrotic syndrome in children. METHODS: It was a retrospective study of the records of children followed for primary nephrotic syndrome who presented one or more thromboembolic events...

Background: Bacterial Sepsis is a serious medical problem affecting children with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD). The pattern and factors predicting outcome of bacterial sepsis have not been studied in Africa. The study aimed to describe the pattern and outcome of bacterial sepsis among children with CHD in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among children with CHD and sepsis at TASH between May 2017 and July 2020...

BACKGROUND: Pediatric living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has become one of the most effective therapies for pediatric end-stage liver diseases. We aim to investigate the risk factors for intra-operative portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and the short- and long-term outcomes in children post LDLT. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis from 584 cases of biliary atresia (BA) patients who had undergone LDLT from January 2014 to December 2019 at our hospital. Patients were divided into PVT and non-PVT groups according to the occurrence of PVT during LDLT...

Background: Splenectomy is a palliative management technique in children with β-thalassemia. Portal thrombosis is the most dreaded complication after splenectomy that requires fast diagnosis, effective therapy, and good follow-up to prevent protal hypertension. Thus, there is the importance of constant evaluation of portal venous system through Color Doppler Ultrasound. This cohort study aimed to observe the changes in the portal venous system in post-splenectomised β-thalassemic children...

BACKGROUND: A two- to three-fold increased risk of venous thrombotic events (VTE) has been demonstrated in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared to the general population, but less is known about the risk of VTE in child- and pediatric-onset IBD. In recent years, several studies have reported the rising incidence rate of VTE in juvenile patients with IBD, and the related risk factors have been explored. AIM: To evaluate the risk of VTE in children and adolescents with IBD...

ABO-incompatible living donor liver transplantation (ABOi-LDLT) is on the rise as a viable option in countries with limited access to deceased donor grafts. While reported outcomes of ABOi-LT in children are similar to ABO- Compatible liver transplant (ABOc-LT), most children beyond 1-2 years of age will need desensitization to overcome the immunological barrier of incompatible blood groups. The current standard protocol for desensitization is Rituximab that targets B lymphocytes and is given 2-3 weeks prior to LT...

Cavernous transformation of the portal vein (CTPV) is a sequela of extrahepatic and/or intrahepatic portal vein obstruction caused by a combination of local and risk factors. It was ever taken as a relatively rare disease due to its scant literature, which was mainly based on clinical series and case reports. CTPV often manifests as gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, splenomegaly, and portal biliopathy after the long-term insidious presentation. It is unable for CTPV to be recanalized with anticoagulation because it is a complete obstruction of the mesentericoportal axis...

BACKGROUND: Patients with kidney failure require vascular access to receive maintenance haemodialysis (HD), which can be achieved by an arteriovenous fistula or a central venous catheter (CVC). CVC use is related to frequent complications such as venous stenosis and infection. Venous stenosis occurs mainly due to trauma caused by the entrance of the catheter into the venous lumen and repeated contact with the vein wall.  A biofilm, a colony of irreversible adherent and self-sufficient micro-organisms embedded in a self-produced matrix of exopolysaccharides, is associated with the development of infections in patients with indwelling catheters...

Children who undergo liver transplantation are at risk for portal vein complications (PVCs) including thrombosis (PVT) and stenosis (PVS). Using multicenter data from the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation, we analyzed the prevalence, timing, and risk factors for PVC following a first liver transplantation, and assessed the potential impact of PVC on patient outcomes. Our cohort included 4278 patients, of whom 327 (7.6%) developed PVC. Multivariate analysis discovered several factors independently associated with PVC: younger recipient age, lower weight at time of transplantation, diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA), receiving a technical variant graft (TVG), warm ischemia time over 3 h, PVT in the recipient's pretransplantation native liver, and concurrent hepatic artery thrombosis (all p < 0...