keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492622/targeting-inflammatory-signaling-pathways-with-sglt2-inhibitors-insights-into-cardiovascular-health-and-cardiac-cell-improvement
#1
REVIEW
Fatmah R Alsereidi, Zenith Khashim, Hezlin Marzook, Anamika Gupta, Ahmed M Shaaban, Mahmoud M Ramadan, Mohamed A Saleh
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have attracted significant attention for their broader therapeutic impact beyond simply controlling blood sugar levels, particularly in their ability to influence inflammatory pathways. This review delves into the anti-inflammatory properties of SGLT2 inhibitors, with a specific focus on canagliflozin, empagliflozin, and dapagliflozin. One of the key mechanisms through which SGLT2 inhibitors exert their anti-inflammatory effects is by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a crucial regulator of both cellular energy balance and inflammation...
March 14, 2024: Current Problems in Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488029/role-and-molecular-mechanisms-of-sglt2-inhibitors-in-pathological-cardiac-remodeling-review
#2
REVIEW
Bixian Chen, Jing Guo, Hongmei Ye, Xinyu Wang, Yufei Feng
Cardiovascular diseases are caused by pathological cardiac remodeling, which involves fibrosis, inflammation and cell dysfunction. This includes autophagy, apoptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, changes in energy metabolism, angiogenesis and dysregulation of signaling pathways. These changes in heart structure and/or function ultimately result in heart failure. In an effort to prevent this, multiple cardiovascular outcome trials have demonstrated the cardiac benefits of sodium‑glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), hypoglycemic drugs initially designed to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus...
May 2024: Molecular Medicine Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486376/recombinant-human-soluble-domain-of-cd39l3-and-ticagrelor-cardioprotective-effects-in-experimental-myocardial-infarction
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gemma Vilahur, Monika Radike, Pablo Sutelman, Soumaya Ben-Aicha, Manuel Gutiérrez, Laura Casaní, Daniel Hovdal, Emily L Ongstad, Anders Gabrielsen, Alberto Hidalgo, Ola Fjellström, Leif Carlsson, Lina Badimon
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases of the CD39 family degrade ATP and ADP into AMP, which is converted into adenosine by the extracellular CD73/ecto-5-nucleotidase. This pathway has been explored in antithrombotic treatments but little in myocardial protection. We have investigated whether the administration of solCD39L3 (AZD3366) confers additional cardioprotection to that of ticagrelor alone in a pre-clinical model of myocardial infarction (MI)...
March 15, 2024: European Heart Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484473/myocardial-glycophagy-flux-dysregulation-and-glycogen-accumulation-characterize-diabetic-cardiomyopathy
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kimberley M Mellor, Upasna Varma, Parisa Koutsifeli, Lorna J Daniels, Victoria L Benson, Marco Annandale, Xun Li, Yohanes Nursalim, Johannes V Janssens, Kate L Weeks, Kim L Powell, Terence J O'Brien, Rajesh Katare, Rebecca H Ritchie, James R Bell, Roberta A Gottlieb, Lea M D Delbridge
Diabetic heart disease morbidity and mortality is escalating. No specific therapeutics exist and mechanistic understanding of diabetic cardiomyopathy etiology is lacking. While lipid accumulation is a recognized cardiomyocyte phenotype of diabetes, less is known about glycolytic fuel handling and storage. Based on in vitro studies, we postulated the operation of an autophagy pathway in the myocardium specific for glycogen homeostasis - glycophagy. Here we visualize occurrence of cardiac glycophagy and show that the diabetic myocardium is characterized by marked glycogen elevation and altered cardiomyocyte glycogen localization...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483006/genetic-causes-of-lymphatic-disorders-recent-updates-on-the-clinical-and-molecular-aspects-of-lymphatic-disease
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catharine Bowman, Stanley G Rockson
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The lymphatic system facilitates several key functions that limit significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the impact and burden of lymphatic disorders, there are many remaining disorders whose genetic substrate remains unknown. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the genetic causes of lymphatic disorders, while reporting on newly proposed clinical classifications of lymphatic disease. RECENT FINDINGS: We reviewed several new mutations in genes that have been identified as potential causes of lymphatic disorders including: MDFIC, EPHB4, and ANGPT2...
March 14, 2024: Current Opinion in Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480572/differential-regulation-of-immune-related-genes-in-the-developing-heart
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathieu Garand, Susie S Y Huang, Brian Dineen, Ian A Glass, Pirooz Eghtesady
In many congenital heart defects, it can be difficult to ascertain primary pathology from secondary consequences from altered flow through the developing heart. The molecular differences between the growing right and left ventricles (RV and LV, respectively) following the completion of septation and the impact of sex on these mechanisms have not been investigated. We analyzed RNA-seq data derived from twelve RV and LVs, one with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS), to compare the transcriptomic landscape between the ventricles during development...
March 13, 2024: Pediatric Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474220/photodynamic-therapy-and-cardiovascular-diseases
#7
REVIEW
Aleksander Oskroba, Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher, Angelika Myśliwiec, Klaudia Dynarowicz, Grzegorz Cieślar, Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka, David Aebisher
Cardiovascular diseases are the third most common cause of death in the world. The most common are heart attacks and stroke. Cardiovascular diseases are a global problem monitored by many centers, including the World Health Organization (WHO). Atherosclerosis is one aspect that significantly influences the development and management of cardiovascular diseases. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the therapeutic methods used for various types of inflammatory, cancerous and non-cancer diseases. Currently, it is not practiced very often in the field of cardiology...
March 4, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466079/guideline-directed-medical-therapy-induced-nephrotoxicity-in-hfref-patients-an-insight-to-its-mechanism
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anu Philip, Prarambh S R Dwivedi, C S Shastry, Basavaraj Utagi
Guideline Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT) has been the standard pharmacotherapy for the treatment of Heart Failure patients with reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) recommended by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). However, patients on GDMT are likely to possess nephrotoxicity as an adverse effect. We utilized multiple system biology tools like ADVER-Pred, gene enrichment analysis, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, and MMPBSA analysis to predict a possible molecular mechanism of how selected combinations of GDMT may cause nephrotoxicity...
March 11, 2024: Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462126/translating-myosin-binding-protein-c-and-titin-abnormalities-to-whole-heart-function-using-a-novel-calcium-contraction-coupling-model
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Theo Arts, Aurore Lyon, Tammo Delhaas, Diederik W D Kuster, Jolanda van der Velden, Joost Lumens
Mutations in cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C) or titin may respectively lead to hypertrophic (HCM) or dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathies. The mechanisms leading to these phenotypes remain unclear because of the challenge of translating cellular abnormalities to whole-heart and system function. We developed and validated a novel computer model of calcium-contraction coupling incorporating the role of cMyBP-C and titin based on the key assumptions: 1) tension in the thick filament promotes cross-bridge attachment mechanochemically, 2) with increasing titin tension, more myosin heads are unlocked for attachment, and 3) cMyBP-C suppresses cross-bridge attachment...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460726/how-is-pet-ct-imaging-revolutionizing-cardiac-care-let-me-count-the-ways
#10
EDITORIAL
Marcelo F Di Carli
The introduction of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in the mid 1970s represents an important technological milestone in the field of nuclear medicine. The technological advances since its initial introduction as a limited field of view scanner to image the brain, namely integrated PET with computed tomography (CT), digital PET detectors, and more recently full-body PET/CT, and the convergence of systems and molecular biology, radiochemistry, imaging physics, kinetic modeling and mathematics have revolutionized the field of nuclear medicine where PET is not just considered current state-of-the-art, but the future of molecular imaging...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Nuclear Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460612/rejuvenation-of-the-aging-heart-molecular-determinants-and-applications
#11
REVIEW
Faisal J Alibhai, Ren-Ke Li
In Canada and worldwide, the elderly population (i.e., individuals >65 years of age) is increasing disproportionately relative to the total population. This is expected to have a substantial impact on the healthcare system, as increased aged is associated with a greater incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases. Within the elderly population cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death, therefore developing therapies which can prevent or slow disease progression in this demography is highly desirable...
March 7, 2024: Canadian Journal of Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460611/preclinical-studies-on-the-impacts-of-frailty-in-the-aging-heart
#12
REVIEW
Robert A Rose, Susan E Howlett
Age is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases in men and in women. However, not all people age at the same rate and those who are aging rapidly are considered frail, when compared to their fit counterparts. Frailty is an important clinical challenge because those who are frail are more likely to develop and die from illnesses, including cardiovascular diseases, than fit people of the same age. This increase in susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases in older individuals may occur as the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the aging process facilitate structural and functional damage in the heart...
March 7, 2024: Canadian Journal of Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456443/a-mixed-methods-landscape-assessment-of-supportive-care-for-heart-failure
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nasir Sulemanjee, Vida Vizgirda, Krishna Naik, Chelsea Redman, Lisa Tarasenko, Ira Jacobs
Aim: Understanding factors that shape leading health systems' (LHS) perspectives around heart failure (HF) treatment. Patients & methods: First of its kind study using a cross-sectional, descriptive, mixed-method design (from executives and frontline healthcare providers) with quantitative survey (n = 35) and qualitative interview (n = 12) data from 47 participants (41 different LHS). Results: 97% of LHS had dedicated HF programs, but variations in maturity highlights opportunities for care standardization...
March 8, 2024: Future Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456293/sequence-variations-in-gata4-and-cited2-gene-among-patients-with-cardiac-septation-defects-from-xinjiang-china
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Renati Imam, Maimaitiaili Aizezi, Fei Yan, Tao Zhu, Weimin Zhang
Studies have shown that genetic factors play an important role in CHD's development. The mutations in GATA4 and CITED2 genes result in the failure of the heart to develop normally, thereby leading to septal defects. The present study investigated the underlying molecular aetiology of patients with cardiac septation defects from Xinjiang. We investigated variants of the GATA4 and CITED2 gene coding regions in 172 patients with cardiac septation defects by sequencing. Healthy controls (n = 200) were included...
March 8, 2024: Cardiology in the Young
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441007/cross-talks-between-cns-and-cvs-diseases-an-alliance-to-annihilate
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shivani Chib, Sushma Devi, Rishabh Chalotra, Neeraj Mittal, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Puneet Kumar, Randhir Singh
Cardiovascular and neurological diseases cause substantial morbidity and mortality globally. Moreover, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. About 17.9 million people are affected by cardiovascular diseases and 6.8 million people die every year due to neurological diseases. The common neurologic manifestations of cardiovascular illness include stroke syndrome which is responsible for unconsciousness and several other morbidities significantly diminished the quality of life of patients...
March 4, 2024: Current Cardiology Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436867/new-perspectives-on-the-role-and-therapeutic-potential-of-melatonin-in-cardiovascular-diseases
#16
REVIEW
Pengchen Gu, Yuxin Wu, Weiwei Lu
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. It is essential to develop novel interventions to prevent/delay CVDs by targeting their fundamental cellular and molecular processes. Melatonin is a small indole molecule acting both as a hormone of the pineal gland and as a local regulator molecule in various tissues. It has multiple features that may contribute to its cardiovascular protection. Moreover, melatonin enters all cells and subcellular compartments and crosses morphophysiological barriers...
March 4, 2024: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs: Drugs, Devices, and Other Interventions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433550/a-case-of-carvajal-syndrome-presenting-with-dilated-cardiomyopathy
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sule Arıcı, Figen Akalın, Bilgen Bilge Geckinli
OBJECTIVES: Carvajal syndrome is a very rare autosomal recessive cardiocutaneous disorder caused by a desmosomal mutation in exon 24 of the desmoplakin gene. It manifests with woolly hair, epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. We herein present a patient with heart failure and dilated cardiomyopathy who was diagnosed with Carvajal syndrome because of dermatologic manifestations. CASE PRESENTATION: A seven-year-old girl was referred to our clinic due to decompensated heart failure and clinical deterioration...
March 4, 2024: Cardiology in the Young
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432502/cellular-nucleic-acid-binding-protein-facilitates-cardiac-repair-after-myocardial-infarction-by-activating-%C3%AE-catenin-signaling
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chong Du, Shan Zhao, Tiankai Shan, Xudong Han, Qiqi Jiang, Jiawen Chen, Lingfeng Gu, Tianwen Wei, Tongtong Yang, Sibo Wang, Hao Wang, Xuejiang Guo, Liansheng Wang
The regenerative capacity of the adult mammalian heart is limited, while the neonatal heart is an organ with regenerative and proliferative ability. Activating adult cardiomyocytes (CMs) to re-enter the cell cycle is an effective therapeutic method for ischemic heart disease such as myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure. Here, we aimed to reveal the role and potential mechanisms of cellular nucleic acid binding protein (CNBP) in cardiac regeneration and repair after heart injury. CNBP is highly expressed within 7 days post-birth while decreases significantly with the loss of regenerative ability...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432342/safety-and-efficacy-of-enoxaparin-during-low-risk-elective-percutaneous-coronary-intervention
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hani Alturkmani, Barry Uretsky, Swetal Patel, Mu'nes Albadaineh, Omar Alqaisi, Malek Alaiwah, Michael Cross, Danish Abbasi, William Rollefson
Intravenous unfractionated heparin (UFH) is the most frequently used anticoagulant for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Intravenous enoxaparin, a low-molecular weight heparin, has superior pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties compared with UFH. Multiple trials have shown enoxaparin to be safe and effective in PCI. However, there has not been a contemporary study evaluating its safety and efficacy. To assess its efficacy and safety, intravenous enoxaparin during PCI via radial artery access was evaluated in PCI patients from Jan 2015 to Dec 2019...
March 1, 2024: American Journal of Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426048/role-of-molecular-imaging-in-the-diagnosis-of-prosthetic-aortic-valve-endocarditis-by-bacillus-licheniformis-a-case-report
#20
Juan Carlos Plata-Corona, Araceli González-Ortiz, Mauricio García-Cárdenas, Nilda Espinola-Zavaleta, Erick Alexanderson-Rosas, Isabel Carvajal-Juárez
BACKGROUND: Infective endocarditis is a challenging diagnosis that usually requires cardiovascular image confirmation as part of the approach. 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18 F-FDG-PET/CT) is an imaging technique more sensible for the diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) when echocardiography is inconclusive. CASE SUMMARY: We present the case of a 35-year-old man who had a previous Bentall-De Bono procedure 4 years prior that included biological, national institute of cardiology (INC)-type, locally manufactured aortic valve replacement and woven Dacron tube graft implantation in the ascending aorta...
November 2023: European Heart Journal. Case Reports
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