Ester Oras, Mari Tõrv, Kristiina Johanson, Eve Rannamäe, Anneli Poska, Lembi Lõugas, Alexandre Lucquin, Jasmine Lundy, Samantha Brown, Shidong Chen, Liivi Varul, Vanda Haferberga, Dardega Legzdiņa, Gunita Zariņa, Lucy Cramp, Volker Heyd, Michaela Reay, Łukasz Pospieszny, Harry K Robson, Kerkko Nordqvist, Carl Heron, Oliver E Craig, Aivar Kriiska
The transition from foraging to farming was a key turning point in ancient socio-economies. Yet, the complexities and regional variations of this transformation are still poorly understood. This multi-proxy study provides a new understanding of the introduction and spread of early farming, challenging the notions of hierarchical economies. The most extensive biological and biomolecular dietary overview, combining zooarchaeological, archaeobotanical, dietary stable isotope and pottery lipid residue analyses is presented, to unravel the nature and extent of early farming in the 3rd millennium cal BCE in the northeast Baltic...
October 2023: Royal Society Open Science