IOOA

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the surgical outcome of inferior oblique myectomy, IOM versus inferior oblique recession-anteriorization, IORA in the treatment of inferior oblique overaction, IOOA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed over a 12-year period, from 2009 to 2021. Eighty-nine patients diagnosed with IOOA who underwent IOM or IORA were included. The primary outcome was postoperative residual IOOA (grade 0 to +4) and percentage favorable outcome, defined as IOOA grade ≤1+ at 6 months post operation, in each group...

PURPOSE: To investigate changes in vertical strabismus and extorsion in patients with intermittent exotropia and mild unilateral inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) who underwent horizontal muscle surgery without vertical or oblique muscle surgery. METHODS: The medical records of 41 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were followed up for at least 6 months after surgery. Fundus photography was performed before and after surgery, and the sum of the angles of torsion in both eyes was used to measure changes in extorsion using ImageJ software...

The inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) results in eye elevation on adduction, head tilt, difficulty in reading/writing, and changing ocular alignments in different gazes. Surgical correction is the management. We present two cases of bilateral and one case of unilateral IOOA that resolved spontaneously, and surgery differed. There was no IOOA six months after diagnosis. A sustained resolution IOOA following correction of hyperopia, improvement of vision, and esotropia correction possibly leading to rebalancing and maturing of extraocular muscles...

PURPOSE: To determine the postoperative fundus torsion following surgical inferior oblique (IO) weakening in patients with inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). METHODS: In this interventional case series, 37 patients with IOOA ≥ +1 and reliable preoperative fundus photographs were included. IO weakening was accomplished through myectomy or anterior transposition. Fundus photography was repeated at 3 months' follow-up. The primary outcome was change of disk foveal angle (DFA), measured as the angle between the line connecting the center of the fovea and optic disk and horizontal...

BACKGROUND: Overelevation in adduction is common in patients with primary esotropia. This study evaluates the variation in ocular motility pattern in patients with primary inferior oblique (IO) muscle overaction after esotropia surgery. METHODS: The medical records of consecutive patients who underwent surgery for infantile, partially accommodative, and basic esotropia over eleven years and had at least one year of follow-up were reviewed. Patients with primary inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) presented at baseline or during follow-up were selected and divided according to the first surgery performed concurrently with horizontal rectus surgery: without IO recession (NO-recess), with unilateral IO recession (UNIL-recess), and with bilateral IO recession (BIL-recess)...

BACKGROUND: V pattern identification is essential for proper strabismus management. Graded recession is a tailored approach to treat inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of graded recession of inferior oblique muscle for correction of different grades of V pattern. METHODS: Forty patients from 3 to 18 years old with V pattern strabismus and primary IOOA were evaluated by prism cover test to assess the grade of IOOA and amplitude of V-pattern...

PURPOSE: To compare outcomes of bilateral lateral rectus recession (BLRc) paired with either bilateral inferior oblique myectomy (BIOm) or bilateral inferior oblique recession (BIOc) to correct V-pattern exotropia. METHODS: The medical records of children (≤18 years) who underwent BLRc with BIOm or BIOc (10 mm) for V-pattern intermittent exotropia between December 2020 and May 2022 and who had at least 6 months' postoperative follow-up were reviewed. Outcomes included horizontal alignment, bilateral inferior oblique action, stereopsis, postoperative exotropia control score, and additional strabismus surgeries...

PURPOSE: To study the effect of four types of inferior oblique-weakening procedures on ocular torsion: inferior oblique recession (IOR), recession and antero-positioning (RAP), anterior transposition as practiced by Elliot and Nankin (EN), and anterior and nasal transposition (ANT). METHODS: The medical records of 72 consecutive patients >10 years of age undergoing inferior oblique weakening for primary or secondary inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) with or without horizontal rectus surgery were reviewed retrospectively...

OBJECTIVE: This article evaluates the effects of unilateral and bilateral inferior oblique myectomy (IOM) on fundus torsion in primary and secondary inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). METHODS: This study analyzed 230 OCT images of 53 eyes of 32 patients who had undergone IOM by a single surgeon in the last two years. The disc-foveal angle (DFA) was calculated by digitally measuring the angle between the horizontal line passing through the geometric center of the optic disc and the curved line connecting the fovea to the geometric center of the optic disc...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To identify the factors affecting postoperative horizontal deviation following isolated inferior oblique (IO) weakening surgery. METHODS: The medical records of patients who had undergone isolated IO weakening surgery between February 2010 and September 2021, with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups, eso-shift, and non-eso-shift, based on the change in horizontal deviation at postoperative 6 months...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the onset of dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) and inferior oblique overaction (IOOA), their subsequent development, and their correlation with pre and postoperative parameters. METHODS: Medical records of patients with infantile esotropia who underwent surgery between 2005 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. DVD and IOOA were measured before and after surgery. Patients were divided into two groups based on horizontal and vertical deviation at the time of presentation: those with infantile esotropia only (group A) and patients with infantile esotropia who developed vertical deviation (group B)...

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between clinical features and protein amounts of Cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61/CCN1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2), which are vital components and regulators of the extracellular matrix in resected muscles from strabismus surgery. METHODS: Strabismus patients who were diagnosed with horizontal concomitant strabismus or inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) and required extraocular muscles (EOMs) resection to correct eye position were included in this study...

BACKGROUND: Inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) is a common ocular motility disorder. This study aimed to propose a novel deep learning-based approach to automatically evaluate the amount of IOOA. METHODS: This prospective study included 106 eyes of 72 consecutive patients attending the strabismus clinic in a tertiary referral hospital. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they were diagnosed with IOOA. IOOA was clinically graded from +1 to +4. Based on photograph in the adducted position, the height difference between the inferior corneal limbus of both eyes was manually measured using ImageJ and automatically measured by our deep learning-based image analysis system with human supervision...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of inferior oblique belly transposition (IOBT) combined with inferior oblique (IO) recession in treating bilateral asymmetric inferior oblique overaction (IOOA). METHODS: A retrospective review. The data of 14 patients who underwent IOBT on the mild side of IOOA and IO recession on the severe side for bilateral asymmetric IOOA were analyzed retrospectively. The main surgical results including the correction of IOOA, hypertropia, horizontal deviation, V pattern, and fovea-disc angle (FDA) were observed...

INTRODUCTION: To compare the number of paired box 7 (PAX7)-positive, myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD1)-positive, and neural cell adhesion molecule-1 (NCAM)-positive satellite cells in human primary vs. secondary inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA). METHODS: This prospective observational study enrolled patients who underwent inferior oblique muscle myectomy at the Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus in Tianjin Eye Hospital between January 2020 and November 2020...

The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of inferior oblique anterior transposition (IOAT) versus inferior oblique myectomy (IOM) in patients with primary inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) or secondary IOOA to superior nerve palsy. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines and an electronic search was conducted to identify studies comparing IOAT versus IOM for IOOA. Residual inferior oblique function, reduction in hypertropia and post-operative complications were identified as primary outcomes...

Background and objectives: To analyze demographic and clinical features of pattern strabismus patients and assess the relationship among these clinical variables and risk factors. Materials and Methods: Medical records of pattern strabismus patients who had undergone strabismus surgery at our center between 2014 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Data collected included gender, age at onset, age at surgery, refraction, Cobb angle, pre- and post-operative deviations in the primary position, up- and downgaze, angle of ocular torsion, type/amount of pattern, grade of oblique muscle function and presence/grade of binocular function...

BACKGROUND: The traditional Chinese medicine Gusuibu, the rhizome of Rhizoma Drynariae, is used to treat rheumatism and fractures. Naringenin (NAR) is an active ingredient in Gusuibu and has significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, the role of naringenin in iron overload-induced osteoarthritis (IOOA) is unknown. HYPOTHESIS: NAR reduces cartilage damage in IOOA. METHODS: The effects of NAR on the viability of IOOA chondrocytes and the synthesis ability of type II collagen were evaluated using cell counting kit (CCK8) and toluidine blue assays...

Background: This study sought to define different adaptive changes in the molecular levels of the overacting inferior oblique muscle in primary and secondary inferior oblique overaction. Methods: The inferior oblique muscles of patients with congenital superior oblique palsy (SOP) and those of patients with congenital esotropia were collected during surgery. RNA-seq technology was performed to detect the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two groups...

PURPOSE: To compare the effect of bilateral inferior oblique partial myectomy on V-pattern exotropia patients with bilateral symmetric inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) and asymmetric IOOA. METHODS: This was a retrospective study including 53 V-pattern exotropia patients with bilateral IOOA of all grades who underwent bilateral inferior oblique partial myectomy. Success was defined as the elimination of the IOOA and the collapse of the V pattern at the final follow-up...