keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533342/co-occurrence-of-and-factors-associated-with-health-risk-behaviors-among-adolescents-a-multi-center-study-in-sub-saharan-africa-china-and-india
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuan Li, Yadeta Dessie, Mary Mwanyika-Sando, Nega Assefa, Ourohiré Millogo, Adom Manu, Angela Chukwu, Justine Bukenya, Rutuja Patil, Siyu Zou, Hanxiyue Zhang, Lina Nurhussien, Amani Tinkasimile, Till Bärnighausen, Sachin Shinde, Wafaie W Fawzi, Kun Tang
BACKGROUND: Despite lifelong and detrimental effects, the co-occurrence of health risk behaviors (HRBs) during adolescence remains understudied in low- and middle-income countries. This study examines the co-occurrence of HRBs and its correlates among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, China, and India. METHODS: A multi-country cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021-2022, involving 9697 adolescents (aged 10-19 years) from eight countries, namely Burkina Faso, China, Ethiopia, India, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda...
April 2024: EClinicalMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533067/validation-of-the-italian-version-of-the-neuroception-of-psychological-safety-scale-npss
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Poli, Mario Miccoli
Research on the neuroscience of fear in both humans and non-humans has suggested that a lack of acquisition of safety cues might be a biological hallmark of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Danger perception, and in particular, feeling as one's own life is in danger, is thought to represent a major predictor of PTSD. Persistent danger perception is concurrently associated with a persistence of lack of safety. However, despite several research efforts, no validated psychometric tools exist regarding psychological safety as a unique core construct in the domain of a soothing-contentment system...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533038/on-a-new-approach-of-enriched-operators
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teodor Turcanu, Mihai Postolache
We establish the existence and uniqueness of fixed points of generalized contractions in the setting of Banach spaces and prove the convergence of Mann iteration for this general class of mappings. Also, we show the existence of fixed points and the convergence of Mann iteration as well for generalized nonexpansive mappings. Last but not least, we provide two applications, one from the field of numerical analysis of linear systems and another one dealing with functional equations. This new approach significantly extends the classes of enriched contractions and enriched nonexpansive mappings, and allows the use of Mann iteration as opposed to all papers on the subject, which necessarily have to rely on Krasnoselskij iteration...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532885/regulation-of-interstitial-fluid-flow-in-adventitia-along-vasculature-by-heartbeat-and-respiration
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongyi Li, Bei Li, Wenqi Luo, Xi Qi, You Hao, Chaozhi Yang, Wenqing Li, Jiazheng Li, Zhen Hua, Tan Guo, Zhijian Zheng, Xue Yu, Lei Liu, Jianping Zhao, Tiantian Li, Dahai Huang, Jun Hu, Zongmin Li, Fang Wang, Hua Li, Chao Ma, Fusui Ji
Converging studies showed interstitial fluid (ISF) adjacent to blood vessels flows in adventitia along vasculature into heart and lungs. We aim to reveal circulatory pathways and regulatory mechanism of such adventitial ISF flow in rat model. By MRI, real-time fluorescent imaging, micro-CT, and histological analysis, ISF was found to flow in adventitial matrix surrounded by fascia and along systemic vessels into heart, then flow into lungs via pulmonary arteries and back to heart via pulmonary veins, which was neither perivascular tissues nor blood or lymphatic vessels...
April 19, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532760/transient-recurrent-episodes-of-abducens-nerve-palsy-and-cheiro-oral-syndrome-in-a-sub-occlusive-carotid-bulb-atherosclerotic-stenosis
#25
Moussa Toudou-Daouda, Roger-Venant Yatwa-Zaniwe, Nana-Rahamatou Aminou-Tassiou, Nicolas Chausson, Didier Smadja
We report the case of a male in his 50s with a history of smoking admitted to our hospital for three transient recurrent episodes of less than 60 min of cheiro-oral paresthesias and binocular horizontal diplopia with convergent strabismus. On admission, his neurological examination was normal. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging showed no cerebral lesion. Computed tomography angiography showed a sub-occlusive right carotid bulb atherosclerotic stenosis, the absence of abnormality of the subclavian arteries and the origin of the vertebral arteries, and no stenosis of the basilar artery or posterior cerebral arteries...
March 2024: Oxford Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532631/the-hadley-circulation-in-a-changing-climate
#26
REVIEW
Piero Lionello, Roberta D'Agostino, David Ferreira, Hanh Nguyen, Martin S Singh
The Hadley circulation (HC) is a global-scale atmospheric feature with air descending in the subtropics and ascending in the tropics, which plays a fundamental role in Earth's climate because it transports energy polewards and moisture equatorwards. Theoretically, as a consequence of anthropogenic climate change, the HC is expected to expand polewards, while indications on the HC strength are equivocal, as weakening and strengthening are expected in response to different mechanisms. In fact, there is a general agreement among reanalyses and climate simulations that the HC has significantly widened in the last four decades and it will continue widening in the future, but there is no consensus on past and future changes of the HC strength...
March 26, 2024: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532421/prediction-of-interactomic-hub-genes-in-pbmc-cells-in-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-dyslipidemia-and-periodontitis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pradeep Kumar Yadalam, Deepavalli Arumuganainar, Vincenzo Ronsivalle, Marco Di Blasio, Almir Badnjevic, Maria Maddalena Marrapodi, Gabriele Cervino, Giuseppe Minervini
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In recent years, the complex interplay between systemic health and oral well-being has emerged as a focal point for researchers and healthcare practitioners. Among the several important connections, the convergence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidemia, chronic periodontitis, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is a remarkable example. These components collectively contribute to a network of interactions that extends beyond their domains, underscoring the intricate nature of human health...
March 26, 2024: BMC Oral Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532084/on-inductive-biases-for-the-robust-and-interpretable-prediction-of-drug-concentrations-using-deep-compartment-models
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Janssen, Frank C Bennis, Marjon H Cnossen, Ron A A Mathôt
Conventional pharmacokinetic (PK) models contain several useful inductive biases guiding model convergence to more realistic predictions of drug concentrations. Implementing similar biases in standard neural networks can be challenging, but might be fundamental for model robustness and predictive performance. In this study, we build on the deep compartment model (DCM) architecture by introducing constraints that guide the model to explore more physiologically realistic solutions. Using a simulation study, we show that constraints improve robustness in sparse data settings...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531962/mtor-and-neuroinflammation-in-epilepsy-implications-for-disease-progression-and-treatment
#29
REVIEW
Teresa Ravizza, Mirte Scheper, Rossella Di Sapia, Jan Gorter, Eleonora Aronica, Annamaria Vezzani
Epilepsy remains a major health concern as anti-seizure medications frequently fail, and there is currently no treatment to stop or prevent epileptogenesis, the process underlying the onset and progression of epilepsy. The identification of the pathological processes underlying epileptogenesis is instrumental to the development of drugs that may prevent the generation of seizures or control pharmaco-resistant seizures, which affect about 30% of patients. mTOR signalling and neuroinflammation have been recognized as critical pathways that are activated in brain cells in epilepsy...
March 26, 2024: Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531669/h3k4me1-recruits-dna-repair-proteins-in-plants
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Quiroz, Satoyo Oya, Diego Lopez-Mateos, Kehan Zhao, Alice Pierce, Lissandro Ortega, Alissza Ali, Pablo Carbonell-Bejerano, Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy, Sae Suzuki, Gosuke Hayashi, Akihisa Osakabe, J Grey Monroe
DNA repair proteins can be recruited by their histone reader domains to specific epigenomic features, with consequences on intragenomic mutation rate variation. Here, we investigated H3K4me1-associated hypomutation in plants. We first examined two proteins which, in plants, contain Tudor histone reader domains: PRECOCIOUS DISSOCIATION OF SISTERS 5 (PDS5C), involved in homology-directed repair, and MUTS HOMOLOG 6 (MSH6), a mismatch repair protein. The MSH6 Tudor domain of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) binds to H3K4me1 as previously demonstrated for PDS5C, which localizes to H3K4me1-rich gene bodies and essential genes...
March 26, 2024: Plant Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531436/the-maxillary-palps-of-tephritidae-are-selectively-tuned-to-food-volatiles-and-diverge-with-ecology
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastian Larsson Herrera, Fikira Kimbokota, Sohel Ahmad, Katharina Heise, Tibebe Dejene Biasazin, Teun Dekker
The maxillary palp is an auxiliary olfactory organ in insects, which, different from the antennae, is equipped with only a few olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) types. We postulated that these derived mouthpart structures, positioned at the base of the proboscis, may be particularly important in mediating feeding behaviors. As feeding is spatio-temporally segregated from oviposition in most Tephritidae, this taxonomic group appears quite suitable to parse out sensory breadth and potential functional divergence of palps and antennae...
March 24, 2024: Journal of Insect Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531417/convergently-evolved-placental-villi-show-multiscale-structural-adaptations-to-differential-placental-invasiveness
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Davis Laundon, Bram G Sengers, James Thompson, Shelley E Harris, Olivia Beasley, Philip J Basford, Orestis L Katsamenis, Patricia Goggin, Emilie Derisoud, Diana Fanelli, Carlotta Bocci, Francesco Camillo, Justine Shotton, Georgina Constable-Dakeyne, Neil J Gostling, Pascale Chavatte-Palmer, Rohan M Lewis
Despite having a single evolutionary origin and conserved function, the mammalian placenta exhibits radical structural diversity. The evolutionary drivers and functional consequences of placental structural diversity are poorly understood. Humans and equids both display treelike placental villi, however these villi evolved independently and exhibit starkly different levels of invasiveness into maternal tissue (i.e. the number of maternal tissue layers between placental tissue and maternal blood). The villi in these species therefore serve as a compelling evolutionary case study to explore whether placentas have developed structural adaptations to respond to the challenge of reduced nutrient availability in less invasive placentas...
March 2024: Biology Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531411/robot-motor-learning-shows-emergence-of-frequency-modulated-robust-swimming-with-an-invariant-strouhal-number
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hankun Deng, Donghao Li, Colin Nitroy, Andrew Wertz, Shashank Priya, Bo Cheng
Fish locomotion emerges from diverse interactions among deformable structures, surrounding fluids and neuromuscular activations, i.e. fluid-structure interactions (FSI) controlled by fish's motor systems. Previous studies suggested that such motor-controlled FSI may possess embodied traits. However, their implications in motor learning, neuromuscular control, gait generation, and swimming performance remain to be uncovered. Using robot models, we studied the embodied traits in fish-inspired swimming. We developed modular robots with various designs and used central pattern generators (CPGs) to control the torque acting on robot body...
March 2024: Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531401/parasite-escape-mechanisms-drive-morphological-diversification-in-avian-lice
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stanislav Kolencik, Edward L Stanley, Aswaj Punnath, Avery R Grant, Jorge Doña, Kevin P Johnson, Julie M Allen
Organisms that have repeatedly evolved similar morphologies owing to the same selective pressures provide excellent cases in which to examine specific morphological changes and their relevance to the ecology and evolution of taxa. Hosts of permanent parasites act as an independent evolutionary experiment, as parasites on these hosts are thought to be undergoing similar selective pressures. Parasitic feather lice have repeatedly diversified into convergent ecomorphs in different microhabitats on their avian hosts...
March 27, 2024: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531219/amiodarone-inhibits-the-toll-like-receptor-3-mediated-nuclear-factor-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-signaling-pathway-by-blocking-organelle-acidification
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuka Yokota, Keiko Takaki, Kosuke Baba, Saki Sasaki, Hiroyuki Hirano, Hiroyuki Osada, Takao Kataoka
Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists or pro-inflammatory cytokines converge to activate the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, which provokes inflammatory responses. In the present study, we identified amiodarone hydrochloride as a selective inhibitor of the TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway by screening the RIKEN NPDepo Chemical Library. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), amiodarone selectively inhibited the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) induced by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)), but not tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1α, or lipopolysaccharide...
March 19, 2024: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531135/a-tripartite-evolutionary-game-study-of-low-carbon-innovation-system-from-the-perspective-of-dynamic-subsidies-and-taxes
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dongsheng Liu, Meili Feng, Yanni Liu, Liming Wang, Jinhao Hu, Gaojie Wang, Jianlin Zhang
Traditional manufacturing industry is in the early stages of transition to low-carbon innovative production, and is in urgent need of a low-carbon innovation system to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. In order to realize the effective supervision of enterprise carbon emissions, this paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model among the corporate, government and public from the perspective of dynamic subsidies and taxes. The main results are as follows. First, the increase in government subsidies to a certain extent will help encourage companies to choose low-carbon innovative production strategies, but more subsidies are not always better...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Environmental Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531122/enhanced-deep-unrolling-networks-for-snapshot-compressive-hyperspectral-imaging
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinran Qin, Yuhui Quan, Hui Ji
Snapshot compressive hyperspectral imaging necessitates the reconstruction of a complete hyperspectral image from its compressive snapshot measurement, presenting a challenging inverse problem. This paper proposes an enhanced deep unrolling neural network, called EDUNet, to tackle this problem. The EDUNet is constructed via the deep unrolling of a proximal gradient descent algorithm and introduces two innovative modules for gradient-driven update and proximal mapping reflectivity. The gradient-driven update module leverages a memory-assistant descent approach inspired by momentum-based acceleration techniques, for enhancing the unrolled reconstruction process and improving convergence...
March 19, 2024: Neural Networks: the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531057/impact-of-race-and-social-determinants-of-health-on-outcomes-in-patients-with-aggressive-b-cell-nhl-treated-with-car-t
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reem Karmali, Rushad Machhi, Narendranath Epperla, Geoffrey Shouse, Jason T Romancik, Tamara K Moyo, Vaishalee P Kenkre, Thomas A Ollila, Lindsey A Fitzgerald, Brian T Hess, Kevin A David, Ishan Roy, Joanna C Zurko, Sayan Mullick Chowdhury, Kaitlin Annunzio, Robert Ferdman, Rahul S Bhansali, Elyse I Harris, Jieqi Liu, Imran A Nizamuddin, Shuo Ma, Jonathan Moreira, Jane N Winter, Barbara Pro, Deborah M Stephens, Alexey V Danilov, Nirav N Shah, Jonathon B Cohen, Stefan K Barta, Pallawi Torka, Leo I Gordon
Healthcare disparities driven by multiple social, economic, and/or environmental factors lead to inequalities in health outcomes. CAR-T cell immunotherapy is an effective therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r B-NHL). However, data are limited on the impact of the convergence of race and social determinants of health on outcomes for patients treated with CAR-T therapy. We examined the impact of interactions between race and insurance type on health care utilization and outcomes in patients treated with CAR-T for aggressive B-NHL...
March 26, 2024: Blood Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530875/the-role-of-attention-in-the-effect-of-facial-attractiveness-on-time-perception
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weiwen Wu, Yu Tian
Recent research has indicated that attractive faces often cause a dilation of our time perception thus affecting physical and mental health, and speculates that this could be relevant to the fact that attractive faces capture people's attention. Nevertheless, there was no direct experimental data to support this speculation. The present work was designed to illustrate how attention affects time perception of facial attractiveness. It utilized two experiments to investigate this phenomenon. In Experiment 1, perception of timing and attention bias were assessed using a temporal reproduction task and a dot-probe task...
March 26, 2024: PsyCh Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530872/the-compensation-effect-of-competence-frustration-and-its-behavioral-manifestations
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liang Meng, Linglan He, Mingming Chen, Yueting Huang
The frustration of competence, one of the three basic psychological needs proposed by self-determination theory, has been widely demonstrated to negatively influence one's motivation and well-being in both work and life. However, research on the recovery mechanism of competence is still in the nascent stage. In this study, a two-stage behavioral experiment was conducted to examine the restoration of competence and the potential moderating role of resilience. Results showed that individuals who were asked to recall experience of competence frustration performed better on subsequent tasks, manifesting their behavioral efforts of competence restoration...
March 26, 2024: PsyCh Journal
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