Ultrasound guidance

Background: Intralesional bleomycin scelro-therapy has become a favored line of treatment for macrocystic lymphatic malformations. However the need for multiple sessions is a drawback associated with this treatment modality. Our aim is to document whether multiple session of intra- lesional sclero-therapy is necessary for complete resolution of cystic lymphatic malformation. Method: Intralesional bleomycin under Ultrasound guidance was used for macrocystic lymphangioma at concentration of 3mg/ml but not exceeding the total dose (1mg/kg) body weight for single session or cumulative dose of 5mg/kg...

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this video article is to show sonographic anatomy at the shoulder joint relevant to impingement and to describe the diagnostic techniques that can be used to diagnose this condition. The article contains several video clips depicting both the normal and pathologic appearances of the bursa during dynamic assessment. The technique for guided injection at this location with sonographic guidance will be covered as well as pitfalls for reporting impingement. CONCLUSION: Dynamic ultrasound assessment of the shoulder is a useful adjunct to clinical assessment in the evaluation and diagnosis of impingement...

Critical ultrasonography(CUS) is different from the traditional diagnostic ultrasound, the examiner and interpreter of the image are critical care medicine physicians. The core content of CUS is to evaluate the pathophysiological changes of organs and systems and etiology changes. With the idea of critical care medicine as the soul, it can integrate the above information and clinical information, bedside real-time diagnosis and titration treatment, and evaluate the therapeutic effect so as to improve the outcome...

BACKGROUND: Intra-synovial tendon injuries display poor healing, which often results in reduced functionality and pain. A lack of effective therapeutic options has led to experimental approaches to augment natural tendon repair with autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) although the effects of the intra-synovial environment on the distribution, engraftment and functionality of implanted MSCs is not known. This study utilised a novel sheep model which, although in an anatomically different location, more accurately mimics the mechanical and synovial environment of the human rotator cuff, to determine the effects of intra-synovial implantation of MSCs...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of Onabotulinum Toxin-A (BTX-A) injection to the salivary glands under ultrasound guidance for the treatment of sialorrhea in patients with spinal muscular atrophy type I (SMA I). DESIGN: Prospective case series with four patients with SMA I who received BTX-A injection to parotid and submandibular glands for sialorrhea as part of clinical care. All four patients received validated surveys for measuring drooling, including objective measures of number of bib changes, and number of mouth wipes before injection and 4-6 weeks after injection...

Muscle-invasive bladder cancer represents approximately 25% of patients diagnosed with bladder cancer and carries a significant risk of death. Oncolytic viruses (OV) are novel antitumor agents with the ability to selectively replicate and lyse tumor cells while sparing healthy tissue. Thus, we explored the efficiency of the oncolytic, YB-1 selective adenovirus XVir-N-31 in vitro and in an orthotopic mouse model for bladder cancer by intramural injection under ultrasound guidance. We demonstrated that XVir-N-31 replicates in bladder cancer cells and induced a stronger immunogenic cell death than adenovirus wildtype by facilitating enhanced release of HMGB1 and exosomal Hsp70...

Intraoperative imaging (IOI) is performed to guide delineation and localization of regions of surgical interest. While oncological surgical planning predominantly utilizes x-ray computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound (US), intraoperative guidance mainly remains on surgeon interpretation and pathology for confirmation. Over the past decades however, intraoperative guidance has evolved significantly with the emergence of several novel imaging technologies, including fluorescence-, Raman, photoacoustic-, and radio-guided approaches...

BACKGROUND: Pleural effusion is a common finding both in patients with benign and malignant diseases of pleura and lung with diagnostic thoracentesis establishing the diagnosis in the majority of cases. The diagnostic thoracentesis can be done either blindly or under the guidance of ultrasound or computed tomography. However, minimal pleural effusion is difficult to sample even under image guidance. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is known to detect smaller volume of pleural effusion and, thus, can help in guiding thoracentesis...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: On the basis of its various advantages and the relevant awareness of physicians, ultrasound imaging has overwhelmingly taken its place in the scientific arena. This is true both from the side of daily clinical applications and also from the side of research. Yet, ultrasound provides real-time (diagnostic) imaging and (interventional) guidance for a wide spectrum of muscle disorders. In this regard, this review aims to discuss the potential/actual utility of ultrasound imaging in particular muscle disorders, that is, sarcopenia, spasticity and fibromyalgia/myofascial pain syndrome...

Background Trigeminal neuralgia is a neuropathic disorder characterized by episodes of intense pain in the face. Drug therapy is the first choice of treatment. However, in cases where drug therapy are contraindicated due to side effects, patients can get pain relief from lengthy neurosurgical procedures. Alternatively, a peripheral trigeminal nerve block can be easily performed in an outpatient setting. Therefore it is a useful treatment option for the acute paroxysmal period of TN in patients who cannot use drug therapy...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility and utility of a newly developed wireless portable ultrasound "UProbe- 2" for puncture guidance in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The UProbe-2 consists of a probe with integrated ultrasound circuit boards inside, an intelligent terminal that installed specific ultrasound software, and a puncture trestle. The probe can connect to an intelligent terminal via WI-FI. It was used to guide puncture in PCNL in 31 patients who suffered kidney stones or large impacted proximal upper ureteral stones with hydronephrosis from June 2016 to July 2017...

OBJECTIVE: This study measured patient outcomes among symptomatic patients with superficial chronic venous insufficiency who were treated with retrograde ultrasound-guided polidocanol microfoam 1% in a community setting. METHODS: Between March 2015 and June 2017, 250 symptomatic patients with C2-C6 chronic venous insufficiency received polidocanol microfoam 1% and were followed for 16 ± 7 months. Sixteen of the 250 patients (6.4%) had skin ulcers, and 56 (22...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of patients whose anatomy would be potentially amenable to percutaneous cholecystoenteric lumen-apposing metallic stents (LAMS) insertion from a population of acute cholecystitis patients. METHODS: Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography images in 100 consecutive adult patients with acute cholecystitis were reviewed retrospectively. Feasibility of LAMS placement percutaneously or with endoscopic ultrasound guidance was defined as the presence of a straight and unobstructed trajectory from the skin to the gallbladder, and between the gallbladder and the gastric antrum, or the proximal duodenum, measuring ≤2 cm, respectively...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the twinkling artifact on Doppler ultrasound imaging corresponds to microcalcifications previously seen on mammograms and to evaluate the usefulness of this finding in the ultrasound management of suspicious microcalcifications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used ultrasonography to prospectively examine 46 consecutive patients with groups of microcalcifications suspicious for malignancy identified at mammography, searching for the presence of the twinkling artifact to identify the microcalcifications...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: For superficial surgery of anteromedial and posteromedial surfaces of the upper arm, the medial brachial cutaneous nerve (MBCN) and the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) must be selectively blocked, in addition to an axillary brachial plexus block. We compared efficacy of ultrasound-guided (USG) versus conventional block of the MBCN and the ICBN. METHODS: Eighty-four patients, undergoing upper limb surgery, were randomized to receive either USG (n = 42) or conventional (n = 42) block of the MBCN and the ICBN with 1% mepivacaine...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is an analgesic modality involving the insertion of a lead through an introducing needle followed by the delivery of electric current. This modality has been reported to treat chronic pain as well as postoperative pain the day following knee surgery. However, it remains unknown if this analgesic technique may be used in ambulatory subjects following foot procedures beginning within the recovery room immediately following surgery, and with only short series of patients reported to date, the only available data are derived from strictly observational studies...

OBJECTIVE The overall goal of this study was to develop an image-guided spinal stereotactic setup for intraoperative intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS). System requirements were as follows: 1) ability to place implants in various segments of the spinal cord, targeting the gray matter with a < 0.5-mm error; 2) modularity; and 3) compatibility with standard surgical tools. METHODS A spine-mounted stereotactic system was developed, optimized, and tested in pigs. The system consists of a platform supporting a micromanipulator with 6 degrees of freedom...

Multidrug resistance remains a major obstacle to efficient chemotherapy of colorectal cancer. Herein, an efficient drug delivery and combination therapeutic strategy is proposed based on porphyrin/camptothecin-fluxoridine triad microbubbles (PCF-MBs), which show remarkably high drug loading content, highly stable co-delivery drug combinations and no premature release. The triad PCF-MBs can act not only as a contrast agent for ultrasound/fluorescence bi-modal imaging but also a multi-modal therapeutic agent for synergetic combined chemo-photodynamic therapy...

BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing thoracotomy frequently experience acute pain and chronic post-thoracotomy pain (CPTP). There are few articles relating to the investigations on the effects of preoperative single-dose thoracic paravertebral block (PSTPVB) on acute pain and CPTP. We tested the hypothesis that adding PSTPVB to intravenous (IV) patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) would reduce acute pain scores and decrease the incidence and intensity of CPTP. METHODS: Fifty-six patients undergoing elective thoracotomy were randomized to receive PSTPVB in addition to IV PCA (group T) or IV PCA alone (group C)...