keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37986753/distinct-subpopulations-of-ventral-pallidal-cholinergic-projection-neurons-encode-valence-of-olfactory-stimuli
#21
Ronald Kim, Mala Ananth, Niraj S Desai, Lorna W Role, David A Talmage
The ventral pallidum (VP) mediates motivated behaviors largely via the action of VP GABA and glutamatergic neurons. In addition to these neuronal subtypes, there is a population of cholinergic projection neurons in the VP, whose functional significance remains unclear. To understand the functional role of VP cholinergic neurons, we first examined behavioral responses to an appetitive (APP) odor that elicited approach, and an aversive (AV) odor that led to avoidance. To examine how VP cholinergic neurons were engaged in APP vs...
October 10, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37965914/a-transatlantic-viewpoint-on-the-role-of-pallidal-stimulation-for-parkinson-s-disease
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra Boogers, Alfonso Fasano
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 15, 2023: Movement Disorders: Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37929227/novel-utilization-of-deep-brain-stimulation-in-the-pedunculopontine-nucleus-with-globus-pallidus-internus-for-treatment-of-childhood-onset-dystonia
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer A MacLean, Jaya Nataraj, Jordan Davies, Aleksandra Zakharova, Joshua Kurtz, Mark A Liker, Joffre Olaya, Terence D Sanger
INTRODUCTION: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-documented therapy for dystonia utilized in many adult and pediatric movement disorders. Pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) has been investigated as a DBS target primarily in adult patients with dystonia or dyskinesias from Parkinson's disease, showing improvement in postural instability and gait dysfunction. Due to the difficulty in targeting PPN using standard techniques, it is not commonly chosen as a target for adult or pediatric pathology...
2023: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37925641/a-role-for-the-subthalamic-nucleus-in-aversive-learning
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gian Pietro Serra, Adriane Guillaumin, Bianca Vlcek, Lorena Delgado-Zabalza, Alessia Ricci, Eleonora Rubino, Sylvie Dumas, Jérôme Baufreton, François Georges, Åsa Wallén-Mackenzie
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is critical for behavioral control; its dysregulation consequently correlated with neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the STN successfully alleviates parkinsonian motor symptoms. However, low mood and depression are affective side effects. STN is adjoined with para-STN, associated with appetitive and aversive behavior. DBS aimed at STN might unintentionally modulate para-STN, causing aversion. Alternatively, the STN mediates aversion...
November 4, 2023: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37922552/a-taxonomy-for-deep-cerebral-cavernous-malformations-subtypes-of-basal-ganglia-lesions
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua S Catapano, Kavelin Rumalla, Visish M Srinivasan, Ethan A Winkler, Dimitri Benner, Peter M Lawrence, Kristen Larson Keil, Michael T Lawton
OBJECTIVE: Anatomical taxonomy is a practical tool that has successfully guided clinical decision-making for patients with brain arteriovenous malformations and brainstem cavernous malformations (CMs). Deep CMs are similarly complex lesions that are difficult to access and highly variable in size, shape, and position. The authors propose a novel taxonomy for deep CMs in the basal ganglia based on clinical presentation (syndromes) and anatomical location. METHODS: The taxonomy system was developed and applied to an extensive 2-surgeon experience over 19 years (2001-2019)...
November 3, 2023: Journal of Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37918868/-18-f-pi-2620-binding-patterns-in-patients-with-suspected-alzheimer-disease-and-frontotemporal-lobar-degeneration
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ganna Blazhenets, David N Soleimani-Meigooni, Wesley Thomas, Nidhi Mundada, Matthias Brendel, Stephanie Vento, Lawren VandeVrede, Hilary W Heuer, Peter Ljubenkov, Julio C Rojas, Miranda K Chen, Alinda N Amuiri, Zachary Miller, Maria L Gorno-Tempini, Bruce L Miller, Howie J Rosen, Irene Litvan, Murray Grossman, Brad Boeve, Alexander Pantelyat, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, David J Irwin, Brad C Dickerson, Suzanne L Baker, Adam L Boxer, Gil D Rabinovici, Renaud La Joie
Tau PET has enabled the visualization of paired helical filaments of 3 or 4 C-terminal repeat tau in Alzheimer disease (AD), but its ability to detect aggregated tau in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) spectrum disorders is uncertain. We investigated 2-(2-([18 F]fluoro)pyridin-4-yl)-9 H -pyrrolo[2,3-b:4,5c']dipyridine ([18 F]PI-2620), a newer tracer with ex vivo evidence for binding to FTLD tau, in a convenience sample of patients with suspected FTLD and AD using a static acquisition protocol and parametric SUV ratio (SUVr) images...
December 1, 2023: Journal of Nuclear Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37909073/evaluating-the-effects-of-moonlight-on-the-vertical-flight-profiles-of-three-western-palaearctic-swifts
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koen Hufkens, Christoph M Meier, Ruben Evens, Josefa Arán Paredes, Hakan Karaardiç, Stef Vercauteren, Ann Van Gysel, James W Fox, Carlos Miguel Pacheco, Luis P da Silva, Sandra Fernandes, Pedro Henriques, Gonçalo Elias, Luís T Costa, Martin Poot, Lyndon Kearsley
Recent studies have suggested the presence of moonlight mediated behaviour in avian aerial insectivores, such as swifts. Here, we use the combined analysis of state-of-the-art activity logger data across three swift species, the common, pallid and alpine swifts, to quantify flight height and activity in responses to moonlight-driven crepuscular and nocturnal light conditions. Our results show a significant response in flight heights to moonlight illuminance for common and pallid swifts, i.e. when moon illuminance increased flight height also increased, while a moonlight-driven response is absent in alpine swifts...
November 8, 2023: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37899346/-a-patient-with-development-delay-and-pallidal-and-cerebellar-lesions-caused-by-mboat7-gene-variant
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Li, C J Wei, F F Xu, Y Zhu, X H Bao
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 2, 2023: Zhonghua Er Ke za Zhi. Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37879332/striatopallidal-cannabinoid-type-1-receptors-mediate-amphetamine-induced-sensitization
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yamuna Mariani, Ana Covelo, Rui S Rodrigues, Francisca Julio-Kalajzić, Antonio C Pagano Zottola, Gianluca Lavanco, Michela Fabrizio, Doriane Gisquet, Filippo Drago, Astrid Cannich, Jerome Baufreton, Giovanni Marsicano, Luigi Bellocchio
Repeated exposure to psychostimulants, such as amphetamine, causes a long-lasting enhancement in the behavioral responses to the drug, called behavioral sensitization.1 This phenomenon involves several neuronal systems and brain areas, among which the dorsal striatum plays a key role.2 The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been proposed to participate in this effect, but the neuronal basis of this interaction has not been investigated.3 In the CNS, the ECS exerts its functions mainly acting through the cannabinoid type-1 (CB1 ) receptor, which is highly expressed at terminals of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) belonging to both the direct and indirect pathways...
October 20, 2023: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37868912/the-challenge-of-choosing-the-right-stimulation-target-for-dystonic-tremor-a-series-of-instructive-cases
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steffen Paschen, Jos S Becktepe, Markus A Hobert, Kirsten E Zeuner, Ann-Kristin Helmers, Daniela Berg, Günther Deuschl
BACKGROUND: Thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) is established for medically refractory tremor syndromes and globus pallidus stimulation (GPi-DBS) for medically refractory dystonia syndromes. For combined tremor and dystonia syndromes, the best target is unclear. OBJECTIVES: We present four patients with two different profiles whose clinical course demonstrates that our current analysis of clinical symptomatology is not a sufficient predictor of surgical success...
October 2023: Movement Disorders Clinical Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37846227/successful-megaprosthesis-in-a-nearly-amputated-lower-extremity-after-crush-injury-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#31
Romy Deviandri, Dhandia Rifardi, Kevin Pratama, Dedi Rahmad Harahap, Gibran Tristan Alpharian
Crush injury is one of the most challenging decisions for a surgeon to decide whether to proceed with an amputation or salvage a limb. We presented a 24-year-old man who complained of having suffered a crushed thigh 12 h before admission to the hospital. The patient was driving a truck and hit the iron bridge barrier, which penetrated his left thigh. The patient's left foot was cold, pallid, and pulseless, with a MESS score of 11. The femur x-ray showed a displaced fracture of the left femur associated with a 15 cm bone defect...
December 2023: Trauma Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37832982/pallidal-versus-subthalamic-deep-brain-stimulation-for-cervical-dystonia-pasts-cd-study-protocol-for-a-multicentre-randomised-controlled-trial
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bin Liu, Junpeng Xu, Haonan Yang, Xinguang Yu, Zhiqi Mao
INTRODUCTION: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been validated as a safe and effective treatment for refractory cervical dystonia (CD). Globus pallidus internus (GPi) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) are the two main stimulating targets. However, there has been no prospective study to clarify which target is the better DBS candidate for CD. The objective of this trial is to compare directly the efficacy and safety of GPi-DBS and STN-DBS, thereby instructing the selection of DBS target in clinical practice...
October 13, 2023: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37832875/the-regulatory-role-of-central-neuropeptide-s-in-locomotion
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
İrem Akçalı, Simla Su Akkan, Mehmet Bülbül
Central exogenous Neuropeptide-S (NPS) was demonstrated to increase locomotor activity (LMA) in rodent studies. NPS receptor (NPSR) is produced in locomotion-related brain regions including basal ganglia while NPS mediates dopaminergic neurotransmission suggesting that endogenous brain NPS is involved in the regulation of locomotion. Aim of the study was to elucidate whether antagonism of NPSR impairs locomotion and to determine the neurochemical profile of NPSR-expressing cells in basal ganglia network. In the rats received intracerebroventricular injection of selective non-peptide NPSR antagonist ML154 (20 nmol/5µL) or vehicle, in addition to measurement of catalepsy, motor performance, and motor coordination were evaluated by assessment of LMA and RR test, respectively...
October 11, 2023: Peptides
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37810764/low-frequency-deep-brain-stimulation-reveals-resonant-beta-band-evoked-oscillations-in-the-pallidum-of-parkinson-s-disease-patients
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentina Zapata Amaya, Joshua E Aman, Luke A Johnson, Jing Wang, Remi Patriat, Meghan E Hill, Colum D MacKinnon, Scott E Cooper, David Darrow, Robert McGovern, Noam Harel, Gregory F Molnar, Michael C Park, Jerrold L Vitek, David Escobar Sanabria
INTRODUCTION: Evidence suggests that spontaneous beta band (11-35 Hz) oscillations in the basal ganglia thalamocortical (BGTC) circuit are linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) pathophysiology. Previous studies on neural responses in the motor cortex evoked by electrical stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus have suggested that circuit resonance may underlie the generation of spontaneous and stimulation-evoked beta oscillations in PD. Whether these stimulation-evoked, resonant oscillations are present across PD patients in the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi), a primary output nucleus in the BGTC circuit, is yet to be determined...
2023: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37768258/chronic-pallidal-local-field-potentials-are-associated-with-dystonic-symptoms-in-children
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Ebden, Lior M Elkaim, Sara Breitbart, Han Yan, Nebras Warsi, MyLoi Huynh, Karim Mithani, Flavia Venetucci Gouveia, Alfonso Fasano, George M Ibrahim, Carolina Gorodetsky
BACKGROUND: Novel deep brain stimulation devices can record local field potentials (LFPs), which represent the synchronous synaptic activity of neuronal populations. The clinical relevance of LFPs in patients with dystonia remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether chronic LFPs recorded from the globus pallidus internus (GPi) were associated with symptoms of dystonia in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients with heterogeneous forms of dystonia (genetic and acquired) were implanted with neurostimulators that recorded LFP spectral snapshots...
September 25, 2023: Neuromodulation: Journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37759853/effects-of-repetitive-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-on-pallidum-gabaergic-neurons-and-motor-function-in-rat-models-of-kernicterus
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nanqin Wang, Yongzhu Jia, Xuanzi Zhou, Xia Wang, Huyao Zhou, Nong Xiao
Kernicterus is a serious complication of hyperbilirubinemia, caused by neuronal injury due to excessive unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) in specific brain areas. This injury induced by this accumulation in the globus pallidus can induce severe motor dysfunction. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown neuroprotective effects in various neurological diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rTMS on pallidal nerve damage and motor dysfunction in a rat model of kernicterus. Rats were divided into a sham group (n = 16), a model group (bilirubin with sham rTMS; n = 16) and an rTMS group (bilirubin with rTMS; n = 16)...
August 28, 2023: Brain Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37756165/healthy-and-pathological-pallidal-regulation-of-thalamic-burst-versus-tonic-mode-firing-a-computational-simulation
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepak Kumbhare, Md Ali Azam, Ravi Hadimani, Jamie Toms, George Weistroffer, Jayasimha Atulasimha, Mark S Baron
The mechanisms by which the basal ganglia influence the pallidal-receiving thalamus remain to be adequately defined. Our prior in vivo recordings in fully alert normal and dystonic rats revealed that normally fast tonic discharging entopeduncular [EP, rodent equivalent of the globus pallidus internus (GPi)] neurons are pathologically slow, highly irregular, and bursty under dystonic conditions. This, in turn, induces pallidal-receiving thalamic movement-related neurons to change from a healthy burst predominant to a pathological tonic-predominant resting firing mode...
November 1, 2023: Neuroreport
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37716202/aberrant-resting-state-functional-connectivity-of-the-globus-pallidus-interna-in-first-episode-schizophrenia
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Qi, Zhenfu Wen, Jingyun Chen, Gillian Capichioni, Fumika Ando, Zhe Sage Chen, Jijun Wang, Yuliya Yoncheva, Francisco X Castellanos, Mohammed Milad, Donald C Goff
BACKGROUND: The striatal-pallidal pathway plays an important role in cognitive control and modulation of behaviors. Globus pallidus interna (GPi), as a primary output structure, is crucial in modulating excitation and inhibition. Studies of GPi in psychiatric illnesses are lacking given the technical challenges of examining this small and functionally diverse subcortical structure. METHODS: 71 medication-naïve first episode schizophrenia (FES) participants and 73 healthy controls (HC) were recruited at the Shanghai Mental Health Center...
September 14, 2023: Schizophrenia Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37702261/proprioceptive-modulation-of-pallidal-physiology-in-cervical-dystonia
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexey Sedov, Prajakta Joshi, Ulia Semenova, Svetlana Usova, Svetlana Asriyants, Anna Gamaleya, Alexey Tomskiy, Hyder A Jinnah, Aasef G Shaikh
BACKGROUND: There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that botulinum toxin can alter proprioceptive feedback and modulate the muscle-spindle output for the treatment of dystonia. However, the mechanism for this modulation remains unclear. METHODS: We conducted a study involving 17 patients with cervical dystonia (CD), seven of whom had prominent CD and 10 with generalized dystonia (GD) along with CD. We investigated the effects of neck vibration, a form of proprioceptive modulation, on spontaneous single-neuron responses and local field potentials (LFPs) recorded from the globus pallidum externus (GPe) and internus (GPi)...
September 13, 2023: Movement Disorders: Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37695031/critical-test-of-the-assumption-that-the-hypothalamic-entopeduncular-nucleus-of-rodents-is-homologous-with-the-primate-internal-pallidum
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luis Puelles, Thorsten Stühmer, John L R Rubenstein, Carmen Diaz
The globus pallidus (GP) of primates is divided conventionally into distinct internal and external parts. The literature repeats since 1930 the opinion that the homolog of the primate internal pallidum in rodents is the hypothalamic entopeduncular nucleus (embedded within fiber tracts of the cerebral peduncle). To test this idea, we explored its historic fundaments, checked the development and genoarchitecture of mouse entopeduncular and pallidal neurons, and examined relevant comparative connectivity data...
November 2023: Journal of Comparative Neurology
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