neoadyuvance

BACKGROUND: Colon cancer (CC) is a public health concern with increasing incidence in younger populations. Treatment for locally advanced CC (LACC) involves oncological surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) to reduce recurrence and improve overall survival (OS). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a novel approach for the treatment of LACC, and research is underway to explore its potential benefit in terms of survival. This trial will assess the efficacy of NAC in LACC. METHODS: This is a multicentre randomised, parallel-group, open label controlled clinical trial...

GnRH analogues are widely used as neoadyuvant agents for radiotherapy in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, with well documented effects in reducing tumor bulk and increasing progression-free survival. GnRH analogs act locally in the prostate by triggering apoptosis of PCa cells via activation of the GnRH receptor (GnRHR). During PCa progression, the distribution of GnRHR within the cell is altered, with reduced expression in the cell membrane and remaining sequestered in the endosplasmic reticulum. Pharmacoperone IN3 is able to relocalize GnRHR to the cell membrane...

Pharmacological therapy targeting the HER2 protein is one of the major breakthroughs in the treatment of cancer patients overexpressing HER2 who have increased survival rates. Despite improved survival, it is important to determine the less frequent adverse effects in order to tailor treatments more personalized to the patients' features. The possible impact of cancer treatments on cognitive functions is huge, and the effects of anti-HER 2 therapies on this issue have not been reviewed and are the objective of this study...

BACKGROUND: Treatment of liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma is surgical resection. However, only 10-15% of the patients in this context will be candidate for curative resection arising other 10-13% after response to neoadyuvant chemotherapy. In order to perform the liver metastases surgery, it is necessary to have a sufficient remnant liver volume (RLV) which allows maintaining an optimal liver function after resection. Studies on liver regeneration have determined that CD133 + stem cells are involved in liver hypertrophy developed after an hepatectomy with encouraging results...

INTRODUCTION: The hepatic cystic tumour is a very rare neoplasm, representing about 5% of all cystic liver neoplasms. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult and can lead to confusion. The aim of this study is to analyze a number of cases operated at our centre with an histologic diagnosis of liver cystic neoplasms and also to describe the sintomathology, diagnosis and management as per the recent classification. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed including all the cystic liver neoplasms operated between January 2000 and December 2019...

PURPOSE: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide. The main treatment for BC is surgery, which involves an axillary procedure that associates with the development of axillary web syndrome (AWS). The incidence of AWS among Chilean women with BC and its possible predisposing factors are currently unknown. Thus, we aimed to (1) determine the incidence of AWS among Chilean women with BC after surgery and (2) identify possible predisposing factors. METHODS: Within 90 days post-surgery, patients were assessed for AWS, i...

OBJECTIVE: Hemangiopericytoma is a tumor of vascular origin. It is very rare in the prostate. They are generally aggressive tumors. Currently, the treatment of choice is radical surgery. In the literature, there are less than 50 cases described, and neoadjuvant treatment has not been reported in any article. This treatment presents positive responses in another type of sarcomas. Our goal is to report two cases of malignant hemangiopericytoma. The first case was treated with radical surgery and the second case was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery...

We have previously described changes in several circulating renin-angiotensin system (RAS)-regulating aminopeptidase activities in pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer treated or not with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Women with breast cancer presented a reduced catabolism of angiotensin II (AngII) when compared to healthy individuals, although specific enzyme activities were different between pre- and post- menopausal women. In addition, neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients caused changes in aminopeptidase activities leading to increased AngII catabolism independently of hormonal status...

The case presented is a 25-year-old male with a malignant neuroectodermal tumour on the left chest wall (Askin tumour), treated with surgery after neoadyuvant chemotherapy and followed by consolidation chemotherapy. After 9 years of disease free survival, the patient developed an acute pulmonary embolism. The echocardiogram, thoracic CT, and cardiac MRI scans revealed a mass in the right atrium. Recurrence of an Askin tumour versus an atrium myxoma was suspected. 18 F-FDG PET/CT showed an intense hypermetabolic right atrium mass with extension to the right ventricle highly suggestive of malignancy...

BACKGROUND: It has been postulated in the Asian literature that a low prognostic nutritional index (OI) could be associated with a higher rate of complications following radical gastric cancer surgery, but there is a lack of data concerning western countries. The aim is to analyze the relationship between a low preoperative OI and the frequency and severity of surgical complications in R0 gastric cancer resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the present article, 124 cases of gastric cancer with R0 resection were reviewed...

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Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an accepted strategy for patients with locally advanced breast cáncer. This approach increases the possibilities of conservative treatment and improves the resectability rates of initially unresectable tumors. In addition, preoperative systemic therapy allows the evaluation of prognostic and predictive factors, dynamically and in vivo. Since over 80% of these tumors express estrogen receptors (ER), endocrine therapy seems a logical treatment to employ in the neoadjuvant setting...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies demonstrated that Letrozole (aromatase inhibitor) and tamoxifen (selective modulator of estrogen receptors) are effective in the treatment of postmenopausal women with locally advanced tumors, stage III and hormone dependent. OBJECTIVE: To present display the complete clinical answer incidence and the complete pathological answer with the use of induction hormonotherapy. METHODS: Put-analysis in 40 patients with breast cancer, to chanalicular infiltrated, eligible were treated in a prospective study, to double blind person, using per os: letrozol, 2...

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a soft tissue neoplasm of intermediate malignancy that is initially localized to the skin from where it can invade deep structures (fat, fascia, muscle and bone). It is the most frequent fibrohistiocytic tumor, comprising approximately 1.8 % of all soft tissue sarcomas and 0.1 % of all cancers. It has an estimated incidence of 0.8-5 cases per one million persons per year. Treatment of localized disease consists in complete surgical excision of the lesion by conventional surgery with wide margins (>3 cm) or by micrographic Mohs surgery...

OBJECTIVE: We report a new case of bladder leiomyosarcoma in a young female patient. We review its features and different treatment options. METHODS: The patient underwent neoadyuvant chemotherapy and surgical excision. RESULTS: A partial response was achieved with neoadyuvant chemotherapy and remains still alive 60 moths after radical cystectomy CONCLUSION: Despite the poor prognosis of this disease, multimodal treatment may improve results...

PURPOSE: To assess the quality of life in a group of rectal cancer patients during the treatment period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A sample of 83 rectal cancer patients in Dukes' stages B2 or C who started a chemoradiotherapy treatment followed by surgery, have filled in the EORTC core questionnaire QLQC30 and the colorectal module QLQ-CR38, in three moments during the treatment and follow-up periods: at the beginning of the treatment, at the end of the chemoradiotherapy, and after surgery...

Radiation therapy is the usual treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, in recent years the use of neoadyuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of local and regionally advanced carcinoma has been investigated. We report the results of a retrospective study of two treatments used in our center. The study included 68 patients: 34 (group A) who received radiotherapy alone and 34 (group B) who received neoadyuvant chemotherapy before radiotherapy. In group A, 70.6% achieved a complete clinical response: 23...