Fahad Eid Albalawi, Ifat Alsharif, Mamdoh S Moawadh, Abdulaziz Alkhoshaiban, Faez Falah Alshehri, Aishah E Albalawi, Norah A Althobaiti, Zeyad M Alharbi, Hailah M Almohaimeed
BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) stands as a prevalent secondary complication of diabetes, notably Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D), characterized by immune system involvement potentially impacting the retinal immune response mediated by microglia. Early stages of DR witness blood-retinal barrier permeabilization, facilitating peripheral immune cell interaction with the retinal immune system. Kaempferol (Kae), known for its potent anti-inflammatory activity, presents a promising avenue in DR treatment by targeting the immune mechanisms underlying its onset and progression...
April 15, 2024: International Immunopharmacology