textile-electrodes

The expansion of the Internet of Things market and the proliferation of wearable technologies have generated a significant demand for textile-based energy storage systems. This work reports the engineered design of hybrid electrode nanomaterials of N-doped carbon nanotubes (CNT-N) functionalized with two types of manganese oxides (MOs)-birnessite (MnO2 ) and hausmannite (Mn3 O4 )-and their application in solid-state textile-based hybrid supercapacitors (SCs). A versatile citric acid-mediated eco-friendly one-pot aqueous precipitation process is proposed for the fabrication of the hybrids...

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) devices are widely employed for clinical treatment, rehabilitation, and sports training. However, existing FES devices are inadequate in terms of wearability and cannot recognize a user's intention to move or muscle fatigue. These issues impede the user's ability to incorporate FES devices into their daily life. In response to these issues, this paper introduces a novel wearable FES system based on customized textile electrodes. The system is driven by surface electromyography (sEMG) movement intention...

Surface electromyography is a technique used to measure the electrical activity of muscles. sEMG can be used to assess muscle function in various settings, including clinical, academic/industrial research, and sports medicine. The aim of this study is to develop a wearable textile sensor for continuous sEMG monitoring. Here, we have developed an integrated biomedical monitoring system that records sEMG signals through a textile electrode embroidered within a smart sleeve bandage for telemetric assessment of muscle activities and fatigue...

AIM: The influence on acute skeletal muscle transcriptomics of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), as compared to established exercises, is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the effects on global mRNA-expression in the quadriceps muscle early after a single NMES-session, compared to the effects of voluntary knee extension exercise (EX), and to explore the discomfort level. METHODS: Global vastus lateralis muscle gene expression was assessed (RNA-sequencing) in 30 healthy participants, before and 3 h after a 30-min session of NMES and/or EX...

OBJECTIVE: Several skin preparation techniques are used in electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring of horses. The objective of this study was to determine which methods produce the greatest signal quality using textile electrodes and standard silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes. ANIMALS AND SAMPLES: Electrocardiogram data were collected using textile and Ag/AgCl electrodes simultaneously for 4 skin preparation techniques in 6 horses. PROCEDURE: The effects of skin preparation (cleansing with isopropyl alcohol, with or without shaving the hair) and the effects of the application of a conductive gel were assessed using metrics of signal quality...

Bioimpedance analysis can be used for remote monitoring of volume status for various conditions such as congestive heart failure. The measurement is typically performed with four electrodes, two of them driving an alternating current through the tissue and the other two sensing the resulting voltage. Issues with the measurement setup such as stray capacitance or electrode mismatch can cause artifacts that impact Cole parameters used for volume estimation. While previous research has focused on mitigating high frequency artifacts, little research has been done to understand the cause and impact of low frequency artifacts, nor how to mitigate the impact of these artifacts...

This work presents a continuous roll-to-roll electrochemical coating system for producing silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl)-coated yarns, and their application in e-textile electrodes for biosignal monitoring. Ag/AgCl is one of the most preferred electrode materials as an interface between the conductive backbone of an electrode and skin. E-textile Ag/AgCl-coated multi-filament nylon yarns offer stable, flexible, and breathable alternatives to standard rigid or flexible film-based Ag/AgCl electrodes. The developed system allows for highly controlled process parameters to achieve stable and uniform AgCl film deposition on Ag-coated nylon yarns...

The development of smart wearable solutions for monitoring daily life health status is increasingly popular, with chest straps and wristbands being predominant. This study introduces a novel sensorized T-shirt design with textile electrodes connected via a knitting technique to a Movesense device. We aimed to investigate the impact of stationary and movement actions on electrocardiography (ECG) and heart rate (HR) measurements using our sensorized T-shirt. Various activities of daily living (ADLs), including sitting, standing, walking, and mopping, were evaluated by comparing our T-shirt with a commercial chest strap...

Wearable 2.0 research has been conducted on the manufacture of smart fitness wear that collects bio-signals through the wearing of a textile-based electrode. Among them, the electromyography (EMG) suit measures the electrical signals generated by the muscles to check their activity, such as contraction and relaxation. General gel-type electrodes have been reported to cause skin diseases due to an uncomfortable feel and skin irritation when attached to the skin for a long time. Dry electrodes of various materials are being developed to solve this problem...

A first-level textile-based electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring system referred to as "CardioS" (cardiac sensor) for continuous health monitoring applications is proposed in this study to address the demand for resource-constrained environments. and the signal quality assessment of a wireless CardioS was studied. The CardioS consists of a Lead-I ECG signal recorded wirelessly using silver-plated nylon woven (Ag-NyW) dry textile electrodes to compare the results of wired wearable Ag-NyW textile electrode-based ECG acquisition system and CardioS...

Electro-stimulation to alleviate spasticity, pain and to increase mobility has been used successfully for years. Usually, gelled electrodes are used for this. In a garment intended for repeated use such electrodes must be replaced. The Mollii-suit by the company Inerventions utilises dry conductive rubber electrodes. The electrodes work satisfactory, but the garment is cumbersome to fit on the body. In this paper we show that knitted dry electrodes can be used instead. The knitted electrodes present a lower friction against the skin and a garment is easily fitted to the body...

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has been a useful therapeutic tool in rehabilitation, particularly for people with paralysis. To deliver stimulation in its most basic setup, a stimulator and at least a pair of electrodes are needed. The electrodes are an essential part of the system since they allow the transduction of the stimulator signals into the body. Their performance can influence the experience of both patient and therapist in terms of movement generation, comfort, and ease of use. For non-invasive surface stimulation, current electrode options have several limitations involving their interfacing with the skin, practical inconveniences, and short-term functionality...

Electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes are important sensors for detecting heart disease whose performance determines the validity and accuracy of the collected original ECG signals. Due to the large drawbacks (e.g., allergy, shelf life) of traditional commercial gel electrodes, textile electrodes receive widespread attention for their excellent comfortability and breathability. This work demonstrated a dry electrode for ECG monitoring fabricated by screen printing silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) conductive ink on ordinary polyester fabric...

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) of the quadriceps (Q) may increase venous blood flow to reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism. This study assessed whether Q-NMES pants could increase peak venous velocity (PVV) in the femoral vein using Doppler ultrasound and minimize discomfort. On 15 healthy subjects, Q-NMES using textile electrodes integrated in pants was applied with increasing intensity (mA) until the first visible muscle contraction [measurement level (ML)-I] and with an additional increase of six NMES levels (ML II)...

BACKGROUND: The rise in single-person households has resulted in social problems like loneliness and isolation, commonly known as "death by loneliness." Various factors contribute to this increase, including a desire for independent living and communication challenges within families due to societal changes. Older individuals living alone are particularly susceptible to loneliness and isolation due to limited family communication and a lack of social activities. Addressing these issues is crucial, and proactive solutions are needed...

Biopotential electrodes play an integral role within smart wearables and clothing in capturing vital signals like electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG), and electroencephalogram (EEG). This study focuses on dry e-textile electrodes (E1-E6) and a laser-cut knit electrode (E7), to assess their impedance characteristics under varying contact forces and moisture conditions. Synthetic perspiration was applied using a moisture management tester and impedance was measured before and after exposure, followed by a 24 h controlled drying period...

The technology of wearable medical equipment has advanced to the point where it is now possible to monitor the electrocardiogram and electromyogram comfortably at home. The transition from wet Ag/AgCl electrodes to various types of gel-free dry electrodes has made it possible to continuously and accurately monitor the biopotential signals. Fabrics or textiles, which were once meant to protect the human body, have undergone significant development and are now employed as intelligent textile materials for healthcare monitoring...

Accurate assessment of Respiratory Rate (RR) is the most important mechanism in detecting pneumonia in low-resource settings. Pneumonia is a disease with one of the highest mortality rates among young children under five. However, the diagnosis of pneumonia for infants remains challenging, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). In such situations, RR is most often measured manually with visual inspection. Accurate RR measurement requires the child to remain calm without any stress for a few minutes...

This case study reports the use of a new textile-electrode system for self-administered Phantom Motor Execution (PME) treatment at home in one patient with Phantom Limb Pain (PLP). In follow-up interviews, the patient reported reduced pain, increased mobility, and improved mental health, and aspects such as motivation, usability, support, and treatment outcome, could be recognized from an earlier study as crucial for successful implementation and adoption of the home-based long-term treatment. The findings are of interest to developers, providers, users, and researchers planning home-based clinical studies and/or scenarios based on technology-assisted treatment...

Recently, there has been an increase in the number of reports on textile-based dry electrodes that can detect biopotentials without the need for electrolytic gels. However, these textile electrodes have a higher electrode skin interface impedance due to the improper contact between the skin and the electrode, diminishing the reliability and repeatability of the sensor. To facilitate improved skin-electrode contact, the effects of load and holding contact pressure were monitored for an embroidered textile electrode composed of multifilament hybrid thread for its application as a surface electromyography (sEMG) sensor...