AA rechallenge?

BACKGROUND: Between 5-10% of patients discontinue statin therapy due to statin-associated adverse reactions, primarily statin associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). The absence of a clear clinical phenotype or of biomarkers poses a challenge for diagnosis and management of SAMS. Similarly, our incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of SAMS hinders the identification of treatments for SAMS. Metabolomics, the profiling of metabolites in biofluids, cells and tissues is an important tool for biomarker discovery and provides important insight into the origins of symptomatology...

Immuno-oncology therapies have been of great interest with the goal of inducing sustained tumor regression, but clinical results have demonstrated the need for improved and widely applicable methods. An antigen-free method of cancer immunotherapy can stimulate the immune system to recruit lymphocytes and produce immunostimulatory factors without prior knowledge of neoantigens, while local delivery reduces the risk of systemic toxicity. To improve the interactions between tumor cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes, a gene delivery nanoparticle platform was engineered to reprogram the tumor microenvironment (TME) in situ to be more immunostimulatory by inducing tumor-associated antigen-presenting cells (tAPCs) to activate cytotoxic lymphocytes against the tumor...

OBJECTIVE: Protocol for clozapine rechallenge in patients with a history of clozapine-induced myocarditis. METHOD: Clozapine-related cardiovascular adverse effects including myocarditis and cardiomyopathy have limited its widespread use in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Here, we present a case of clozapine-induced myocarditis and successful cautious rechallenge. Ms. AA, a young female patient with severe psychosis developed myocarditis during her initial clozapine titration phase, which was thus discontinued...

Alopecia areata (AA) is the most common form of hair loss in children. We report the case of a child who had two episodes of AA after two different vaccines with complete hair regrowth between the episodes. This case supports the concept that vaccination might be a trigger for the development of AA in genetically predisposed children.

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the activity and tolerability of weekly docetaxel (D) combined with weekly epirubicin (EPI) in patients with advanced castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) previously exposed to D and abiraterone acetate (AA). Locally advanced or metastatic CRPC patients with 0-2 performance status, who had progressed after D and AA therapy, were included in the study. Previous treatment with chemotherapy agent cabazitaxel was also admitted. Treatment consisted of D 30 mg/m(2) intravenously (i...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected humans and chimpanzees were studied for reactivity with linear epitopes in HCV H strain structural proteins. In 10 HCV-infected patients, epitopes were mostly mapped to the capsid and E1 proteins but not to E2. However, serum from 1 HCV-infected blood donor with a high anti-capsid titer reacted with multiple epitopes including E2. By contrast, antibody to capsid epitopes was seen in sera from HCV-rechallenged chimpanzees but not from chronically infected animals. No reactivity was observed to GOR epitope in chimpanzees, while 6 of 11 human subjects reacted with this host-coded antigen...

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) W3/25, found to be nondepleting, on the onset of rat adjuvant arthritis (AA), and, in addition, to ascertain whether depletion of CD8+ cells during the same period could interfere with those effects. Female Wistar rats in which AA had been induced were treated with W3/25 and/or OX8 (anti-rat CD8) mAb during the latency period of arthritis. W3/25 alone or in combination with OX8 prevented the inflammatory process of AA...

Phagocytosis of carbonyl iron beads by rat alveolar macrophages induces the production of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA). To study the relationship between the phagocytic event and AA metabolite production, rat alveolar macrophages were pretreated with cytochalasin D, which suppresses particle internalization, but not binding to the plasma membrane. The cells were then challenged with iron particles. Binding of the particles, without internalization, was a stimulus sufficient to initiate the AA metabolic cascade; this was true for cyclo- as well as for lipoxygenase pathways...

Human synovial fibroblasts in culture respond to bradykinin (8 X 10(-9) M) with an increment in intracellular cyclic AMP concentration. These bradykinin (BK) concentrations are comparable to levels of the nonapeptide found in pathological synovial effusions. The cyclic AMP response to BK is enhanced by a heat stable factor(s) in fetal calf serum (FCS) and by the addition of arachidonic acid (AA) to monolayer cultures incubated in serum-free media. Synovial fibroblasts initially treated with BK are refractory to rechallenge with this agent as measured by the absence of an increment in cyclic AMP...