keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513598/dexmedetomidine-attenuates-lipopolysaccharide-induced-renal-cell-fibrotic-phenotypic-changes-by-inhibiting-necroinflammation-via-activating-%C3%AE-2-adrenoceptor-a-combined-randomised-animal-and-in-vitro-study
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qizhe Sun, Priyanka Kamath, Yibing Sun, Min Liang, Lingzhi Wu, Enqiang Chang, Qian Chen, Azeem Alam, Yi Liu, Hailin Zhao, Daqing Ma
BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) was reported to be one of the initiators of chronic kidney disease (CKD) development. Necroinflammation may contribute to the progression from AKI to CKD. Dexmedetomidine (Dex), a highly selective α2 -adrenoreceptor (AR) agonist, has cytoprotective and "anti-" inflammation effects. This study was designed to investigate the anti-fibrotic properties of Dex in sepsis models. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were randomly treated with an i...
March 19, 2024: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509933/impact-of-anesthetics-on-rat-hippocampus-and-neocortex-a-comprehensive-proteomic-study-based-on-label-free-mass-spectrometry
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Astapenko, Marie Vajrychova, Ivo Fabrik, Rudolf Kupcik, Kristyna Pimkova, Vojtech Tambor, Vera Radochova, Vladimir Cerny
Anesthesia is regarded as an important milestone in medicine. However, the negative effect on memory and learning has been observed. In addition, the impact of anesthetics on postoperative cognitive functions is still discussed. In this work, in vivo experiment simulating a general anesthesia and ICU sedation was designed to assess the impact of two intravenous (midazolam, dexmedetomidine) and two inhalational (isoflurane, desflurane) agents on neuronal centers for cognition (neocortex), learning, and memory (hippocampus)...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507826/pharmacokinetics-and-pharmacodynamics-of-intravenous-dexmedetomidine-2%C3%A2-%C3%AE-g%C3%A2-kg-1-in-dogs
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Larissa de Sant'Ana Alves, Kathryn Nóbrega Arcoverde, Caio Vinícius Almeida de Oliveira, Jerson Marques Cavalcante, Gabriel Araújo-Silva, Valéria Veras de Paula
This study assessed the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of low-dose dexmedetomidine after IV bolus in dogs. Six healthy adult dogs (6.8 ± 3.0 kg) received dexmedetomidine (2 μg.kg-1 IV) over 2 min, using an infusion pump. Blood samples were collected totaling 5 h of monitoring. A validated UHPLC-MS/MS method was used to determine the plasma concentration of dexemedetomidine. For pharmacodynamics, HR, RR, oscillometric MBP, Grint END sedation score were evaluated at baseline (T0), every 3 min (T3 to T21), and after 30 (T30) and 60 (T60) minutes, with p < 0...
March 15, 2024: Research in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507629/the-effect-of-dexmedetomidine-remifentanil-and-metoral-in-reducing-patient-bleeding-during-rhinoplasty-surgery
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alireza Kamali, Narges Naseri, Farzad Zamani, Narges Anosheh, Siamak Rakei
INTRODUCTION: Rhinoplasty is one of the most common surgeries in the ENT department. Rhinoplasty hemorrhage is one of the complications that different strategies have been used to reduce it. Reduction of bleeding reduces the risk of complications such as hemolytic and non-hemolytic reactions, acute lung damage, viral and bacterial infections, hypothermia and coagulation disorders. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine, remifentanil and metoral in reducing patient bleeding during rhinoplasty surgery...
March 18, 2024: International Tinnitus Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506689/assessing-the-efficacy-of-dexmedetomidine-in-postoperative-pain-management-a-trial-sequence-analysis-approach
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
I-Wen Chen, Wei-Ting Wang, Kuo-Chuan Hung
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2024: Pain Physician
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506571/analgesia-and-sedation-use-during-noninvasive-ventilation-for-acute-respiratory-failure
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter J Dunbar, Ryan Peterson, Max McGrath, Raymond Pomponio, Tyree H Kiser, P Michael Ho, R William Vandivier, Ellen L Burnham, Marc Moss, Peter D Sottile
OBJECTIVES: To describe U.S. practice regarding administration of sedation and analgesia to patients on noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for acute respiratory failure (ARF) and to determine the association of this practice with odds of intubation or death. DESIGN: A retrospective multicenter cohort study. SETTING: A total of 1017 hospitals contributed data between January 2010 and September 2020 to the Premier Healthcare Database, a nationally representative healthcare database in the United States...
March 20, 2024: Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500910/the-anesthetic-complexity-of-eisenmenger-syndrome-a-clinical-case
#27
Rúben Calaia, Neuza Machado, Juliana Branquinho, Eduarda Figueiredo, Carla Pereira, Alexandra Guedes
Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is a complex, multisystemic, and rare clinical entity, given that currently, most congenital heart diseases can be corrected in childhood. The high anesthetic risk in these patients poses a challenge for anesthesiology. There are few cases described in the literature of anesthetic approaches using ketamine and dexmedetomidine in ES cases, particularly under Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC). We describe the clinical case of a 40-year-old patient with trisomy 21, intellectual disability, and ES secondary to a single atrioventricular (AV) valve, scheduled for cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) under sedation due to a suspected space-occupying lesion...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498811/dexmedetomidine-inhibits-paraventricular-corticotropin-releasing-hormone-neurons-that-attenuate-acute-stress-induced-anxiety-like-behavior-in-mice
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gaolin Qiu, Peng Wang, Jin Rao, Xin Qing, Chenchen Cao, Dijia Wang, Bin Mei, Jiqian Zhang, Hu Liu, Zhilai Yang, Xuesheng Liu
BACKGROUND: Dexmedetomidine has repeatedly shown to improve anxiety but the precise neural mechanisms underlying this effect remain incompletely understood. Here, we aim to explore the role of corticotropin-releasing hormone-producing hypothalamic paraventricular (CRHPVN) neurons in mediating the anxiolytic effects of dexmedetomidine. METHODS: A social defeat stress mouse model was employed to evaluate the anxiolytic effects induced by dexmedetomidine through the elevated plus-maze, open-field test, and measurement of serum stress hormone levels...
March 18, 2024: Anesthesiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496110/comparison-of-opioid-based-versus-opioid-sparing-anesthesia-in-patients-undergoing-glioma-surgery
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anupama A S, Ashutosh Kaushal, Vaishali Waindeskar, Saurabh Saigal, Anuj Jain, Harish Kumar, Pranita Mandal, Sandeep Kumar, Sweta Kumari, Anjan K Sahoo
Background In the neurosurgical population, opioids may cause respiratory depression, leading to hypercapnia, increased cerebral blood flow (CBF), and ultimately increased intracranial pressure (ICP), which can mask early signs of intracranial complications and delayed emergence. This study was designed to compare perioperative hemodynamic stability, analgesia, and recovery parameters in opioid-based (fentanyl) general anesthesia versus opioid-sparing (dexmedetomidine) general anesthesia in patients undergoing glioma surgeries...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489226/combined-dexamethasone-and-dexmedetomidine-as-adjuncts-to-popliteal-and-saphenous-nerve-blocks-in-patients-undergoing-surgery-of-the-foot-or-ankle-a-randomized-blinded-placebo-controlled-clinical-trial
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathias Maagaard, Kamilia S Funder, Nikolaj K Schou, Jeannette Ø Penny, Peter Toquer, Jens Laigaard, Emma R Stormholt, Anders K Nørskov, Pia Jæger, Jakob H Andersen, Ole Mathiesen
BACKGROUND: Both dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine increase the duration of analgesia of peripheral nerve blocks. The authors hypothesized that combined intravenous dexamethasone and intravenous dexmedetomidine would result in a greater duration of analgesia when compared with intravenous dexamethasone alone and placebo. METHODS: The authors randomly allocated participants undergoing surgery of the foot or ankle under general anesthesia and with a combined popliteal (sciatic) and saphenous nerve block to a combination of 12 mg dexamethasone and 1 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine, 12 mg dexamethasone, or placebo (saline)...
March 14, 2024: Anesthesiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487173/effect-of-age-and-icu-types-on-mortality-in-invasive-mechanically-ventilated-patients-with-sepsis-receiving-dexmedetomidine-a-retrospective-cohort-study-with-propensity-score-matching
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuai Zhao, Ruihui Zhou, Qi Zhong, Mi Zhang
Background: Dexmedetomidine is recommended for sedation in patients on mechanical ventilation. Whether age or ICU types could alter mortality in invasive mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis receiving dexmedetomidine is unknown. Methods: We included patients with sepsis receiving invasive mechanical ventilation from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. The exposure was intravenous dexmedetomidine administration during ICU stay. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. The secondary outcomes were the length of ICU stay and liberation from invasive mechanical ventilation...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483030/anti-inflammatory-potential-of-remimazolam-a-laboratory-and-clinical-investigation
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shota Tsukimoto, Atsuhiro Kitaura, Hidetaka Kuroda, Uno Imaizumi, Fumihiko Yoshino, Ayaka Yoshida, Shinchi Nakao, Noriyuki Ohta, Yasuhumi Nakajima, Takuro Sanuki
BACKGROUND: Anesthetic agents, particularly intravenous anesthetics, may affect immune function and tumorigenic factors. We herein investigated whether the anti-inflammatory effects of anesthetic agents are attributed to their antioxidant properties. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of remimazolam, a new anesthetic, remain unclear. We hypothesized that remimazolam exerts anti-inflammatory effects due to its antioxidant properties, which may affect the postoperative inflammatory response...
March 2024: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481729/trial-watch-dexmedetomidine-in-cancer-therapy
#33
REVIEW
Killian Carnet Le Provost, Oliver Kepp, Guido Kroemer, Lucillia Bezu
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist that is widely used in intensive and anesthetic care for its sedative and anxiolytic properties. DEX has the capacity to alleviate inflammatory pain while limiting immunosuppressive glucocorticoid stress during major surgery, thus harboring therapeutic benefits for oncological procedures. Recently, the molecular mechanisms of DEX-mediated anticancer effects have been partially deciphered. Together with additional preclinical data, these mechanistic insights support the hypothesis that DEX-induced therapeutic benefits are mediated via the stimulation of adaptive anti-tumor immune responses...
2024: Oncoimmunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479368/the-effect-of-dexmedetomidine-as-a-local-anesthetic-adjuvant-for-iliac-fascia-compartment-block-on-postoperative-delirium-in-elderly-patients-undergoing-elective-hip-surgery
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao-Hong Liu, Qing-Fu Zhang, Xiao-Qi Zhang, Qing-Wang Lu, Jian-Hua Wu, Xiao-Hua Gao, Zhi-Yuan Chen
INTRODUCTION: We analyzed the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) as a local anesthetic adjuvant on postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing elective hip surgery. METHODS: In this study, 120 patients undergoing hip surgery were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups: fascia iliaca compartment block with DEX + ropivacaine (the Y group, n = 60) and fascia iliaca compartment block with ropivacaine (the R group, n = 60). The primary outcomes: presence of delirium during the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) period and on the first day (D1), the second day (D2), and the third day (D3) after surgery...
March 13, 2024: Gerontology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477406/injectable-hydrogel-delivery-system-with-high-drug-loading-for-prolonging-local-anesthesia
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yongchun Li, You Chen, Yifan Xue, Jinlong Jin, Yixin Xu, Weian Zeng, Jie Liu, Jingdun Xie
Peripheral nerve block is performed for precise pain control and lesser side effects after surgery by reducing opioid consumption. Injectable hydrogel delivery systems with high biosafety and moisture content have good clinical application prospects for local anesthetic delivery. However, how to achieve high drug loading and long-term controlled release of water-soluble narcotic drugs remains a big challenge. In this study, heterogeneous microspheres and an injectable gel-matrix composite drug delivery system are designed in two steps...
March 13, 2024: Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476879/multimodal-acute-pain-management-in-the-parturient-with-opioid-use-disorder-a-review
#36
REVIEW
Victor Koltenyuk, Ismat Mrad, Ian Choe, Mohamad Ibrahim Ayoub, Sangeeta Kumaraswami, Jeff L Xu
The opioid epidemic in the United States has led to an increasing number of pregnant patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) presenting to obstetric units. Caring for this complex patient population requires an interdisciplinary approach involving obstetricians, anesthesiologists, addiction medicine physicians, psychiatrists, and social workers. The management of acute pain in the parturient with OUD can be challenging due to several factors, including respiratory depression, opioid tolerance, and opioid-induced hyperalgesia...
2024: Journal of Pain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476554/comparison-of-the-effects-of-dexmedetomidine-and-nitroglycerin-on-cerebral-oxygen-saturation-using-near-infrared-spectroscopy-in-patients-undergoing-controlled-hypotensive-anaesthesia-a-randomised-controlled-non-inferiority-trial
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Koteswara Rao, Swati Chhabra, Sadik Mohammed, Pradeep K Bhatia, Shilpa Goyal, Rakesh Kumar
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There is limited literature wherein the hypotensive drugs have been compared to know the cerebral effects by monitoring regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2 ). This study aimed to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and nitroglycerin on rScO2 during controlled hypotensive anaesthesia using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The primary objective was to evaluate the non-inferiority of dexmedetomidine versus nitroglycerin in the occurrence of cerebral desaturation events (CDEs) during hypotensive anaesthesia...
March 2024: Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476549/comparison-of-block-characteristics-and-outcomes-in-opioid-free-and-opioid-based-thoracic-continuous-spinal-anaesthesia-in-patients-undergoing-major-abdominal-surgery-a-double-blinded-randomised-controlled-trial
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Priyanka Sangadala, Praveen Talawar, Debendra K Tripathy, Ashutosh Kaushal, Amit Gupta, Nirjhar Raj
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Thoracic continuous spinal anaesthesia (TCSA) is emerging as the sole anaesthetic for major abdominal surgery due to its better perioperative outcomes. This study was designed to evaluate block characteristics and outcomes in 'opioid-free' and 'opioid-based' TCSA. METHODS: After ethical approval, trial registration and written informed consent, 50 adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomised into 'opioid-free' (bupivacaine alone) and 'opioid-based' (bupivacaine with fentanyl) groups...
March 2024: Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476312/dexmedetomidine-prevents-spatial-learning-and-memory-impairment-induced-by-chronic-rem-sleep-deprivation-in-rats
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen-Hao Zhang, Yi-Ning Yan, John P Williams, Jian Guo, Bao-Feng Ma, Jian-Xiong An
UNLABELLED: The study was attempted to investigate the effect on and mechanisms of action of dexmedetomidine with regard to learning and memory impairment in rats with chronic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation. A total of 50 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups. Modified multiple platform method was conducted to cause the sleep deprivation of rats. Dexmedetomidine and midazolam were administered by intraperitoneal injection. Learning and memory ability was assessed through Morris water maze...
July 2023: Sleep and Biological Rhythms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474263/hypothermia-inhibits-dexmedetomidine-induced-contractions-in-isolated-rat-aortae
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soohee Lee, Yeran Hwang, Kyeong-Eon Park, Sungil Bae, Seong-Ho Ok, Seung-Hyun Ahn, Gyujin Sim, Moonju Bae, Ju-Tae Sohn
Dexmedetomidine is widely used to induce sedation in the perioperative period. This study examined the effect of hypothermia (33 and 25 °C) on dexmedetomidine-induced contraction in an endothelium-intact aorta with or without the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NW -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). In addition, the effect of hypothermia on the contraction induced by dexmedetomidine in an endothelium-denuded aorta with or without a calcium-free Krebs solution was examined. The effects of hypothermia on the protein kinase C (PKC), myosin light chain (MLC20 ) phosphorylation, and Rho-kinase membrane translocation induced by dexmedetomidine were examined...
March 5, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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