keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512915/recombinant-60-kda-heat-shock-protein-from-paracoccidioides-brasiliensis-induces-the-death-of-mouse-lymphocytes-in-a-mechanism-dependent-on-toll-like-receptor-4-and-tumor-necrosis-factor
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Igor Emiliano L Souza, Fabrício F Fernandes, Ademilson Panunto-Castelo
Paracoccidioides fungi are thermodimorphic microorganisms that cause paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), an autochthonous disease from Latin America, with most cases in Brazil. Humans become infected by inhaling conidia or mycelial fragments that transform into yeast at body temperature. These fungi cause chronic-granulomatous inflammation, which may promote fibrosis and parenchyma destruction in the lungs. In response to stress imposed by the host, fungi Paracoccidioides spp. increase the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP), which protect them by sustaining cellular proteostasis...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512723/targeting-host-deoxycytidine-kinase-mitigates-staphylococcus-aureus-abscess-formation
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Volker Winstel, Evan R Abt, Thuc M Le, Caius G Radu
Host-directed therapy (HDT) is an emerging approach to overcome antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic microorganisms. Specifically, HDT targets host-encoded factors required for pathogen replication and survival without interfering with microbial growth or metabolism, thereby eliminating the risk of resistance development. By applying HDT and a drug repurposing approach, we demonstrate that ( R )-DI-87, a clinical-stage anticancer drug and potent inhibitor of mammalian deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), mitigates Staphylococcus aureus abscess formation in organ tissues upon invasive bloodstream infection...
March 21, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511206/impact-of-methylthioxylose-substituents-on-the-biological-activities-of-lipomannan-and-lipoarabinomannan-in-mycobacterium-tuberculosis
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zuzana Palčeková, Kavita De, Shiva Kumar Angala, Martine Gilleron, Sophie Zuberogoitia, Lucie Gouxette, Maritza Soto-Ojeda, Mercedes Gonzalez-Juarrero, Andrés Obregón-Henao, Jérôme Nigou, William H Wheat, Mary Jackson
Two lipoglycans, lipomannan (LM) and lipoarabinomannan (LAM), play various, albeit incompletely defined, roles in the interactions of mycobacteria with the host. Growing evidence points to the modification of LM and LAM with discrete covalent substituents as a strategy used by these bacteria to modulate their biological activities. One such substituent, originally identified in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ), is a 5-methylthio-d-xylose (MTX) sugar, which accounts for the antioxidative properties of LAM...
March 21, 2024: ACS Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508038/acute-murine-betacoronavirus-infection-impairs-testicular-steroidogenesis-and-the-quality-of-sperm-production
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A F A Figueiredo, N T Wnuk, M R G Brener, T O Farias, G H Campolina-Silva, A C S P Andrade, C M Queiroz-Junior, G B Menezes, M M Teixeira, V V Costa, G M J Costa
Although several testicular alterations promoted by coronavirus infection have been demonstrated, the extent, causes, and players of testicular pathogenesis are not totally understood. The present study aimed to investigate the short-term effects on male fertility of intranasally administered murine hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV-3), a member of the genus Betacoronavirus, which causes a severe systemic acute infection. This mouse model might be used as a in vivo prototype for investigating the impact of betacoronavirus on the endocrine and exocrine testicular functions with the advantage to be performed in a biosafety level 2 condition...
February 13, 2024: Journal of Reproductive Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507997/bis-arylidene-oxindoles-for-colorectal-cancer-nanotherapy
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tithi Bhattacharyya, Tanushree Mishra, Debojyoti Das, Susanta S Adhikari, Rajkumar Banerjee
Oxindoles are potent anti-cancer agents and are also used against microbial and fungal infections and for treating neurodegenerative diseases. These oxindoles are earlier established as estrogen receptor (ER)-targeted agents for killing ER (+) cancer cells. Our previously developed bis-arylidene oxindole, Oxifen (OXF) exhibits effective targeting towards ER (+) cancer cells which has a structural resemblance with tamoxifen. Herein, we have designed and synthesized few structural analogues of OXF such as BPYOX, ACPOX and ACPOXF to examine its cytotoxicity in different cancer as well as non-cancer cell lines and its potential to form self- aggregates in aqueous solution...
March 17, 2024: Bioorganic Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507920/increased-expression-of-cd38-on-endothelial-cells-in-sars-cov-2-infection-in-cynomolgus-macaques
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cong Thanh Nguyen, Misako Nakayama, Hirohito Ishigaki, Yoshinori Kitagawa, Akemi Kakino, Marumi Ohno, Masashi Shingai, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Tatsuya Sawamura, Hiroshi Kida, Yasushi Itoh
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes activation of endothelial cells (ECs), leading to dysmorphology and dysfunction. To study the pathogenesis of endotheliopathy, the activation of ECs in lungs of cynomolgus macaques after SARS-CoV-2 infection and changes in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism in ECs were investigated, with a focus on the CD38 molecule, which degrades NAD in inflammatory responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Activation of ECs was seen from day 3 after SARS-CoV-2 infection in macaques, with increases of intravascular fibrin and NAD metabolism-associated enzymes including CD38...
March 14, 2024: Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505285/dynamic-modulation-of-the-non-canonical-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-signaling-pathway-for-hiv-shock-and-kill
#27
REVIEW
Aswath P Chandrasekar, Mark Maynes, Andrew D Badley
HIV cure still remains an elusive target. The "Shock and Kill" strategy which aims to reactivate HIV from latently infected cells and subsequently kill them through virally induced apoptosis or immune mediated clearance, is the subject of widespread investigation. NF-κB is a ubiquitous transcription factor which serves as a point of confluence for a number of intracellular signaling pathways and is also a crucial regulator of HIV transcription. Due to its relatively lower side effect profile and proven role in HIV transcription, the non-canonical NF-κB pathway has emerged as an attractive target for HIV reactivation, as a first step towards eradication...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503263/pak1-promotes-inflammation-induced-by-sepsis-through-the-snail-cxcl2-signaling-pathway
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miaomiao Chen, Liuhua Pan, Deyuan Chen, Yueming Wu, Jianping Ye, Ke Li, Ning Zhang, Junlong Xu
Sepsis is a severe syndrome characterized by organ dysfunction, resulting from a systemic imbalance in response to infection. PAK1 plays a critical role in various diseases. The present study aimed to explore and delineate the mechanism of PAK1 in inflammation induced by sepsis. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to assess PAK1, snail, and CXCL2 expression in the whole blood of septic patients and the pathways enriched with PAK1. To simulate the sepsis model, THP-1 cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide...
March 19, 2024: ACS Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501915/boron-facilitates-amelioration-of-hepatic-injury-by-the-osmolyte-glycine-and-resolves-injury-by-improving-the-tissue-redox-homeostasis
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Humaira Farooqui, Farah Anjum, Djamel Lebeche, Shakir Ali
Background: Glycine is a conditional non-essential amino acid in human and other mammals. It is abundant in the liver and is known for a wide spectrum of characteristics including the antioxidant, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, and cryoprotective effects. The amino acid is a naturally occurring osmolyte compatible with protein surface interactions and has been reported in literature as a potent therapeutic immuno-nutrient for liver diseases such as alcoholic liver disease. Oral glycine administration protects ethanol-induced liver injury, improves serum and tissue lipid profile, and alleviates hepatic injury in various conditions...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Dietary Supplements
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499284/enhanced-baculoviral-virulence-by-suppressing-the-degradation-of-an-insect-immune-resolvin-epoxyoctadecamonoenoic-acid-in-three-lepidopteran-insects
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niayesh Shahmohammadi, Mojtaba Esmaeily, Eticha Abdisa, Eeshita Mandal, Yonggyun Kim
Epoxyoctadecamonoenoic acids (EpOMEs) are produced from linoleic acid by a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) and play a crucial role in terminating excessive and unnecessary immune responses during the late infection stage in insects. This suggests that an increase in the EpOME level may enhance the virulence of insect pathogens against pests. This study tested this hypothesis using a specific inhibitor against soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to degrade EpOMEs, which leads to elevated endogenous EpOME levels...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499257/antiproliferative-and-immunomodulative-potential-of-citrullus-colocynthis-and-its-bioactive-compounds-in-human-lymphocytes-and-lung-cells
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carina Stein, Johanna Voigts, Niederreiter Lisa, Stefanie Kowarschik, Roman Huber, Volker M Lüth
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad is a member of the Cucurbitaceae plant family which has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of lung diseases such as asthma and bronchitis. AIM OF THE STUDY: The study was conducted to investigate antiproliferative and immunomodulating effects of C. colocynthis and isolated cucurbitacins on human T lymphocytes and lung epithelial cells in order to evaluate their potential in the treatment of airway diseases...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499166/transcriptome-profiling-of-lumpfish-cyclopterus-lumpus-head-kidney-to-renibacterium-salmoninarum-at-early-and-chronic-infection-stages
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hajarooba Gnanagobal, Setu Chakraborty, Ignacio Vasquez, Joy Chukwu-Osazuwa, Trung Cao, Ahmed Hossain, My Dang, Katherine Valderrama, Surendra Kumar, Gabriela Bindea, Stephen Hill, Danny Boyce, Jennifer R Hall, Javier Santander
Renibacterium salmoninarum causes Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD) in several fish species. Atlantic lumpfish, a cleaner fish, is susceptible to R. salmoninarum. To profile the transcriptome response of lumpfish to R. salmoninarum at early and chronic infection stages, fish were intraperitoneally injected with either a high dose of R. salmoninarum (1 × 109  cells dose-1 ) or PBS (control). Head kidney tissue samples were collected at 28- and 98-days post-infection (dpi) for RNA sequencing...
March 16, 2024: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499156/cuscuta-chinensis-lam-flavonoids-cclf-alleviate-the-symptoms-of-sepsis-associated-encephalopathy-via-pi3k-nrf2-pathway
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qi Boxiang, Sheng Liping, Qian Tong
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) frequently encounters patients who are in intensive care units and ~70% of patients with severe systemic infection. However, due to the unclear pathological mechanisms of SAE, the desease-modifying drug is still lack. Here, we aimed to explore whether the flavonoid components extracted from CCL (CCLF) seeds possess protective effects on SAE animals, and systematically evaluate the transcriptomic alteration (in the hippocampus) after CCLF treatment on SAE animals employing RNA sequencing...
March 16, 2024: Behavioural Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497655/nuclear-factor-kappa-b-dependent-persistence-of-salmonella-typhi-and-paratyphi-in-human-macrophages
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taylor A Stepien, Larissa A Singletary, Fermin E Guerra, Joyce E Karlinsey, Stephen J Libby, Sarah L Jaslow, Margaret R Gaggioli, Kyle D Gibbs, Dennis C Ko, Michael A Brehm, Dale L Greiner, Leonard D Shultz, Ferric C Fang
UNLABELLED: Salmonella serovars Typhi and Paratyphi cause a prolonged illness known as enteric fever, whereas other serovars cause acute gastroenteritis. Mechanisms responsible for the divergent clinical manifestations of nontyphoidal and enteric fever Salmonella infections have remained elusive. Here, we show that S . Typhi and S . Paratyphi A can persist within human macrophages, whereas S . Typhimurium rapidly induces apoptotic macrophage cell death that is dependent on Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI2)...
March 18, 2024: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497494/-streptococcus-pneumoniae-extracellular-vesicles-aggravate-alveolar-epithelial-barrier-disruption-via-autophagic-degradation-of-ocln-occludin
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luqing Cui, Ruicheng Yang, Dong Huo, Liang Li, Xinyi Qu, Jundan Wang, Xinyi Wang, Hulin Liu, Huanchun Chen, Xiangru Wang
Streptococcus pneumoniae ( S. pneumoniae ) represents a major human bacterial pathogen leading to high morbidity and mortality in children and the elderly. Recent research emphasizes the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in bacterial pathogenicity. However, the contribution of S. pneumoniae EVs (pEVs) to host-microbe interactions has remained unclear. Here, we observed that S. pneumoniae infections in mice led to severe lung injuries and alveolar epithelial barrier (AEB) dysfunction. Infections of S. pneumoniae reduced the protein expression of tight junction protein OCLN (occludin) and activated macroautophagy/autophagy in lung tissues of mice and A549 cells...
March 18, 2024: Autophagy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494863/cd40-stimulation-via-cd40-ligand-enhances-adenovirus-mediated-tumour-immunogenicity-including-find-me-eat-me-and-kill-me-signalling
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sedigheh Naseri, Mariela Mejia Cordova, Jessica Wenthe, Tanja Lövgren, Emma Eriksson, Angelica Loskog, Gustav J Ullenhag
Immunostimulatory gene therapy using oncolytic viruses is currently evaluated as a promising therapy for cancer aiming to induce anti-tumour immunity. Here, we investigate the capacity of oncolytic adenoviruses (LOAd) and their transgenes to induce immunogenicity in the infected tumour cells. Oncolysis and death-related markers were assessed after infection of eight human solid cancer cell lines with different LOAd viruses expressing a trimerized, membrane-bound (TMZ)-CD40L, TMZ-CD40L and 41BBL, or no transgenes...
April 2024: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493147/pasteurella-multocida-activates-rassf1-hippo-yap-pathway-to-induce-pulmonary-epithelial-apoptosis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guangfu Zhao, Yunhan Tang, Xiongli Liu, Pan Li, Tianci Zhang, Nengzhang Li, Fang He, Yuanyi Peng
Pasteurella multocida is an opportunistic zoonotic pathogen that primarily causes fatal respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia and respiratory syndromes. However, the precise mechanistic understanding of how P. multocida disrupts the epithelial barrier in mammalian lung remains largely unknown. In this study, using unbiased RNA-seq analysis, we found that the evolutionarily conserved Hippo-Yap pathway was dysregulated after P. multocida infection. Given the complexity of P. multocida infection associated with lung injury and systemic inflammatory processes, we employed a combination of cell culture models, mouse models, and rabbit models to investigate the dynamics of the Hippo-Yap pathway during P...
March 16, 2024: Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492518/human-parainfluenza-virus-type-2-v-protein-inhibits-mitochondrial-apoptosis-pathway-through-two-ways
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naoki Saka, Machiko Nishio, Keisuke Ohta
Paramyxoviruses are reported to block apoptosis for their replication, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Furthermore, regulation of mitochondrial apoptosis by paramyxoviruses has been hardly reported. We investigated whether and how human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV-2) counteracts apoptosis. Infection of recombinant hPIV-2 carrying mutated V protein showed higher caspase 3/7 activity and higher cytochrome c release from mitochondria than wild type hPIV-2 infection. This indicates that V protein controls mitochondrial apoptosis pathway...
March 11, 2024: Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492118/yy1-contributes-to-the-inflammatory-responses-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-infected-macrophages-through-transcription-activation-mediated-upregulation-tlr4
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xing Yang, Yu Chen, Bingshuang Pu, Xuan Yuan, Jiaojiao Wang, Chun Chen
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic respiratory infectious disease and is induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection. Macrophages serve as the cellular home in immunoreaction against M.tb infection, which is tightly regulated through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression. Therefore, this study is designed to explore the role and mechanism of TLR4 in mycobacterial injury in human macrophages (THP-1 cells) after M.tb infection. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using MTT, EdU, and flow cytometry assays...
March 16, 2024: Molecular Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491859/the-combination-of-membrane-disruption-and-ftsz-targeting-by-a-chemotherapeutic-hydrogel-synergistically-combats-pathogens-infections
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xianyuan Wei, Jintong Guo, Xiaorui Geng, Bin Xue, Shaohui Huang, Zhen Yuan
The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria poses a significant challenge to global health. Due to a shortage of antibiotics, alternative therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Unfortunately, colistin, the last-resort antibiotic, has unavoidable nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, and its single killing mechanism is prone to drug resistance. To address this challenge, we propose a promising combinatorial approach that includes colistin, a membrane-disrupting antimicrobial agent, and chelerythrine (CHE), a FtsZ protein inhibitor...
March 16, 2024: Advanced Healthcare Materials
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