keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536086/frailty-as-a-comprehensive-health-measure-beyond-seizure-control-in-patients-with-epilepsy-a-cross-sectional-study
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emanuele Cerulli Irelli, Maria S Borioni, Alessandra Morano, Adolfo Mazzeo, Pierludovico Moro, Biagio Orlando, Enrico M Salamone, Luca Giordano, Alessio Petrungaro, Marco Toccaceli Blasi, Anna T Giallonardo, Marco Canevelli, Carlo Di Bonaventura
OBJECTIVE: Due to the high clinical heterogeneity of epilepsy, there is a critical need for novel metrics aimed at capturing its biological and phenotypic complexity. Frailty is increasingly recognized in various medical disciplines as a useful construct to understand differences in susceptibility to adverse outcomes. Here, we develop a frailty index (FI) for patients with epilepsy (PwE) and explore its association with demographic and clinical features. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we consecutively enrolled 153 PwE from an outpatient epilepsy clinic...
March 27, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535826/exploration-of-cytochrome-p450-related-interactions-between-aflatoxin-b1-and-tiamulin-in-broiler-chickens
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pan Sun, Orphélie Lootens, Tadele Kabeta, Diethard Reckelbus, Natalia Furman, Xingyuan Cao, Suxia Zhang, Gunther Antonissen, Siska Croubels, Marthe De Boevre, Sarah De Saeger
Poultry may face simultaneous exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and tiamulin (TIA), given mycotoxin contamination and antibiotic use. As both mycotoxins and antibiotics can affect cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450), our study aimed to explore their interaction. We developed UHPLC-MS/MS methods for the first-time determination of the interaction between TIA and AFB1 in vitro and in vivo in broiler chickens. The inhibition assay showed the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values of AFB1 and TIA in chicken liver microsomes are more than 7...
March 20, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535383/rna-interference-reveals-the-impacts-of-cyp6cy7-on-imidacloprid-resistance-in-aphis-glycines
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuangyu Li, Hongjia Yang, Yixiao Wang, Lisi Wei, Jiawei Lyu, Zhimeng Shan, Xinxin Zhang, Dong Fan
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a group of important detoxification enzymes found in insects related to their resistance to insecticides. To elucidate the CYP6 family genes of P450, which are potentially related to imidacloprid resistance in Aphis glycines , the CYP6 cDNA sequences of A. glycines were studied. The transcriptome of A. glycines was constructed, and the CYP6 cDNA sequences of A. glycines were screened. Their relative expression levels in response to imidacloprid induction were examined through qRT-PCR, and the CYP6s with higher expression levels were used to study the detoxification of imidacloprid through RNA interference and a bioassay...
March 13, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535342/genome-wide-exploration-of-long-non-coding-rnas-of-helicoverpa-armigera-in-response-to-pyrethroid-insecticide-resistance
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Md-Mafizur Rahman, Celso Omoto, Juil Kim
Genome-wide long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in low, moderate, and high pyrethroid insecticide-resistant and -susceptible strains of Helicoverpa armigera were identified in this study. Using 45 illumina-based RNA-sequencing datasets, 8394 lncRNAs were identified. In addition, a sublethal dose of deltamethrin was administered to a Korean-resistant strain (Kor-T). The average length of lncRNAs was approximately 531 bp, and the expression ratio of lncRNAs was 28% of the total RNA. The identified lncRNAs were divided into six categories-intronic, intergenic, sense, antisense, cis-RNA, and trans-RNA-based on their location and mechanism of action...
February 21, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535185/systematic-engineering-of-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-for-the-de-novo-biosynthesis-of-genistein-and-glycosylation-derivatives
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yongtong Wang, Zhiqiang Xiao, Siqi Zhang, Xinjia Tan, Yifei Zhao, Juan Liu, Ning Jiang, Yang Shan
Isoflavones are predominantly found in legumes and play roles in plant defense and prevention of estrogen-related diseases. Genistein is an important isoflavone backbone with various biological activities. In this paper, we describe how a cell factory that can de novo synthesize genistein was constructed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Different combinations of isoflavone synthase, cytochrome P450 reductase, and 2-hydroxyisoflavone dehydratase were tested, followed by pathway multicopy integration, to stably de novo synthesize genistein...
February 26, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535119/adme-gene-related-pharmacogenomic-labeling-of-fda-approved-drugs-comparison-with-clinical-pharmacogenetics-implementation-consortium-cpic-evidence-levels
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Subrata Deb, Robert Hopefl, Anthony Allen Reeves, Dena Cvetkovic
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) can facilitate the transition to patient-specific drug regimens and thus improve their efficacy and reduce toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the overlap of PGx classification for drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME)-related genes in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) PGx labeling and in the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) database. FDA-approved drugs and PGx labeling for ADME genes were identified in the CPIC database...
February 20, 2024: Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534743/effects-of-letrozole-treatment-and-vitamin-c-supplementation-on-morphology-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-programmed-cell-death-and-oxidative-stress-in-the-small-intestine-of-adult-male-rats
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Pilutin, Sylwia Rzeszotek, Aleksandra Wilk, Klaudia Klimaszewska, Julia Łukasiewicz, Rufaro Lynnette Mafuta, Thanushan Nagendran, Rupia Ndambara, Barbara Wiszniewska
Estrogens are hormones that play an important role in the digestive tract, including in men. Letrozole is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 aromatase, an enzyme converting androgens to estrogens. The use of letrozole may cause oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the cells. Factors modulating cellular stress may include vitamin C. The purpose of this study was to examine whether letrozole and/or vitamin C supplementation can affect the morphology of the small intestine, the parameters of endoplasmic reticulum stress, programmed cell death markers, and oxidative damage...
March 1, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533385/altered-ocular-surface-microbiota-in-obesity-a-case-control-study
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chenghong Liang, Limin Wang, Xiudan Wang, Yifan Jia, Qinyuan Xie, Lingyun Zhao, Huijuan Yuan
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the composition of ocular surface microbiota in patients with obesity. METHODS: This case-control study, spanning from November 2020 to March 2021 at Henan Provincial People's Hospital, involved 35 patients with obesity and an equivalent number of age and gender-matched healthy controls. By employing 16S rRNA sequencing, this study analyzed the differences in ocular surface microbiota between the two groups. The functional prediction analysis of the ocular surface microbiota was conducted using PICRUSt2...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531811/changes-in-perampanel-pharmacokinetics-and-cytochrome-p450-3a4-activity-before-during-and-after-pregnancy
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoshiaki Yamamoto, Naoto Akita, Hiroki Nogimoto, Wakana Suzuki, Katsumi Imai, Yukitoshi Takahashi, Yoshiyuki Kagawa
This study evaluated perampanel pharmacokinetics and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) activity, assessed using the level of 4β-hydroxycholesterol (4β-OHC) as an endogenous biomarker of CYP3A4, before, during, and after pregnancy in a woman with epilepsy and compared these measurements with those from a control group of nonpregnant women with epilepsy. A 21-year-old pregnant woman was being treated with perampanel (serum concentration: 1120 ng/mL), lacosamide, and lamotrigine. After the first trimester, the lamotrigine concentration decreased markedly; however, the perampanel concentration remained almost unchanged (range, 1130-1320 ng/mL)...
March 26, 2024: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528335/chronic-pain-management-in-a-cyp2d6-poor-metabolizer-a-case-report-for-oxycodone
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepa Pednekar, Joshua Russell, Chandni Bardolia, David Thacker, Nishita Shah Amin
The objective of this case report is to illustrate pharmacogenomics (PGx)-guided oxycodone treatment, given the conflicting data on the analgesic response from oxycodone in Cytochrome P450 (CYP)2D6 poor metabolizers (PMs). PGx-guided therapy can help improve treatment outcomes. This case report describes a 58-year-old patient who was prescribed oxycodone for chronic pain management. The patient presented with a history of inadequate pain control despite analgesic treatment with oxycodone (morphine milliequivalent [MME] = 22...
April 1, 2024: Senior Care Pharmacist
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528259/establishment-and-characterization-of-cytochrome-p450-1a1-crispr-cas9-knockout-bovine-foetal-hepatocyte-cell-line-bfh12
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Silvia Iori, Caterina D'Onofrio, Nihay Laham-Karam, Isidore Mushimiyimana, Lorena Lucatello, Rosa Maria Lopparelli, Maria Elena Gelain, Francesca Capolongo, Marianna Pauletto, Mauro Dacasto, Mery Giantin
The cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) subfamily of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) consists of two different isoforms, namely CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, which are highly conserved among species. These two isoenzymes are involved in the biotransformation of many endogenous compounds as well as in the bioactivation of several xenobiotics into carcinogenic derivatives, thereby increasing the risk of tumour development. Cattle (Bos taurus) are one of the most important food-producing animal species, being a significant source of nutrition worldwide...
March 26, 2024: Cell Biology and Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528153/pbtk-model-based-analysis-of-cyp3a4-induction-and-the-toxicokinetics-of-the-pyrrolizidine-alkaloid-retrorsine-in-man
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anja Lehmann, Ina Geburek, Stefanie Hessel-Pras, Anne-Margarethe Enge, Hans Mielke, Christine Müller-Graf, Charlotte Kloft, Christoph Hethey
Cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 induction by drugs and pesticides plays a critical role in the enhancement of pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) toxicity as it leads to increased formation of hepatotoxic dehydro-PA metabolites. Addressing the need for a quantitative analysis of this interaction, we developed a physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model. Specifically, the model describes the impact of the well-characterized CYP3A4 inducer rifampicin on the kinetics of retrorsine, which is a prototypic PA and contaminant in herbal teas...
March 25, 2024: Archives of Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527935/a-cytochrome-p450-catalyses-oxidative-coupling-formation-of-insecticidal-dimeric-indole-piperazine-alkaloids
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian He, Hua-Ran Zhang, Yi Zou
Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-catalysed oxidative coupling is an efficient strategy of using simple building blocks to construct complex structural scaffolds of natural products. Among them, heterodimeric coupling between two different monomers is relatively scarce and the corresponding CYP450s are largely undiscovered. Herein, we discovered a fungal CYP450 (CpsD) and its associated cps cluster from 37208 CYP450s of Pfam PF00067 family member database and subsequently identified a group of new skeleton indole piperazine alkaloids (campesines A-G) by combination of genome mining and heterologous synthesis...
March 25, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526821/steamed-daylily-flower-hemerocallis-fulva-l-protected-cardiac-and-hepatic-cells-against-ethanol-induced-apoptotic-and-oxidative-damage
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sheng-Lei Yan, Wen-Tzu Wu, Mei-Chin Mong, Mei-Chin Yin
Our previous study examined the phytochemical composition and bio-activities of raw daylily flower (Hemerocallis fulva L.). However, this plant food is usually served via heat process such as cooking in a soup. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile and biofunctions of steamed daylily flower (SDF). The content of total phenolic acids, total flavonoids, total carotenoids, total anthocyanins and total triterpenoids in SDF aqueous extract was assessed. Normal cardiac and hepatic cells, H9c2 and L-02 cells, were used to evaluate the protective effects of SDF against ethanol...
December 15, 2023: Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525137/catalytic-enhancements-in-cytochrome-p450-2c19-by-cytochrome-b-5
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gyu-Hyeong Lee, Vitchan Kim, Sung-Gyu Lee, Eunseo Jeong, Changmin Kim, Yoo-Bin Lee, Donghak Kim
UNLABELLED: Human cytochrome P450 2C19 catalyzes P450 enzyme reactions of various substrates, including steroids and clinical drugs. Recombinant P450 2C19 enzyme with histidine tag was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using affinity column chromatography. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass (UPLC-MS/MS) spectrometry showed that the purified P450 2C19 enzyme catalyzed 5-hydroxylation reaction of omeprazole. The purified enzyme displayed typical type I binding spectra to progesterone with a K d value of 4...
April 2024: Toxicological Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523633/arachidonic-acid-metabolism-as-a-therapeutic-target-in-aki-to-ckd-transition
#16
REVIEW
Xiao-Jun Li, Ping Suo, Yan-Ni Wang, Liang Zou, Xiao-Li Nie, Ying-Yong Zhao, Hua Miao
Arachidonic acid (AA) is a main component of cell membrane lipids. AA is mainly metabolized by three enzymes: cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX) and cytochrome P450 (CYP450). Esterified AA is hydrolysed by phospholipase A2 into a free form that is further metabolized by COX, LOX and CYP450 to a wide range of bioactive mediators, including prostaglandins, lipoxins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Increased mitochondrial oxidative stress is considered to be a central mechanism in the pathophysiology of the kidney...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522710/small-angle-x-ray-scattering-analysis-of-thermophilic-cytochrome-p450-cyp119-and-the-effects-of-the-n-terminal-histidine-tag
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ekin Kestevur Doğru, Tuğçe Sakallı, Goksin Liu, Zehra Sayers, Nur Basak Surmeli
Combining size exclusion chromatography-small angle X-ray scattering (SEC-SAXS) and molecular dynamics (MD) analysis is a promising approach to investigate protein behavior in solution, particularly for understanding conformational changes due to substrate binding in cytochrome P450s (CYPs). This study investigates conformational changes in CYP119, a thermophilic CYP from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius that exhibits structural flexibility similar to mammalian CYPs. Although the crystal structure of ligand-free (open state) and ligand-bound (closed state) forms of CYP119 is known, the overall structure of the enzyme in solution has not been explored until now...
March 22, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522686/overexpression-of-cyp6cx4-contributing-to-field-evolved-resistance-to-flupyradifurone-one-novel-butenolide-insecticide-in-bemisia-tabaci-from-china
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qinghe Zhang, Juan Tang, Bingli Gao, Cheng Qu, Jinda Wang, Chen Luo, Ran Wang
Bemisia tabaci is a formidable insect pest worldwide, and exhibits significant resistance to various insecticides. Flupyradifurone is one novel butenolide insecticide and has emerged as a new weapon against B. tabaci, but field-evolved resistance to this insecticide has become a widespread concern. To unravel the mechanisms of field-evolved flupyradifurone resistance, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into susceptibility of twenty-one field populations within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region of China...
March 22, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522208/vital-role-of-cyp450-in-the-biodegradation-of-antidiabetic-drugs-in-the-aerobic-activated-sludge-system-and-the-mechanisms
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ligui Wu, Hao Luo, Jingcheng Xu, Ling Yu, Jiangtao Xiong, Yizhi Liu, Xiangfeng Huang, Xiaoming Zou
The extensive use of antidiabetic drugs (ADDs) and their detection in high concentrations in the environment have been extensively documented. However, the mechanism of ADDs dissipation in aquatic environments is still not well understood. This study thoroughly investigates the dissipation behavior of ADDs and the underlying mechanisms in the aerobic activated sludge system. The results indicate that the removal efficiencies of ADDs range from 3.98% to 100% within 48 h, largely due to the biodegradation process...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Hazardous Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521251/suitability-of-human-heparg-cells-and-liver-spheroids-as-in-vitro-model-to-investigate-the-bioactivation-of-the-organothiophosphate-pesticide-parathion
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriele Horn, Franz Worek
Organophosphorus compounds (OP) constitute a large group of chemicals including pesticides and nerve agents. Organothiophosphate pesticides require cytochrome P450-mediated oxidative desulphuration in the liver to form corresponding oxons, which are potent inhibitors of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Human HepaRG cells are a promising tool to study liver-specific functions and have been shown to maintain drug metabolizing enzymes. This research describes for the first time the in vitro metabolic activation of an organothiophosphate to its active oxon by two different HepaRG cell-based models...
March 21, 2024: Toxicology in Vitro: An International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA
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