DRI medication

Slow transit constipation (STC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in children and adults worldwide. Paeoniflorin (PF), a monoterpene glycoside compound extracted from the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora, has been found to alleviate STC, but the mechanisms of its effect remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of PF on intestinal fluid metabolism and visceral sensitization in rats with compound diphenoxylate-induced STC. Based on the evaluation of the laxative effect, the abdominal withdrawal reflex test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the visceral sensitivity, fluid metabolism-related proteins, and acid-sensitive ion channel 3/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ASIC3/ERK) pathway-related molecules...

With the advent of modern technology, advancements in processing and storage techniques, and increasing medical knowledge, people are becoming aware of deterioration in the quality of medicinal products due to storage methods and time. In most cases, herbal products are not consumed immediately after production; as such, improper storage can result in physical, chemical, and microbiological changes. The study evaluated the effect of storage methods and time on the quality of oil extracted from Phyllanthus amarus Schumach and Annona muricata Linn and assessed their antidiabetic and antioxidative effects...

Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moecnh) is a versatile crop that is widely grown in western Ethiopia, despite that it is less researched. This study, therefore, investigates the traditional knowledge, nutritional, and morphological characteristics of two commonly grown okra varieties (Kenketse and Sharma) in west Ethiopia. A semi-structured questionnaire, checklist, and observations were used to collect primary data from households, key informants, and farms. In addition, proximate composition parameters like moisture content, total ash, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, utilizable carbohydrates, and gross energy fruits were measured through laboratory analysis...

OBJECTIVES: Ranunculus L. genus contains 413 species, and it is the biggest genus in the family Ranunculaceae Juss. This review is to provide botanical characteristics, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and pharmaceutical preparations of the genus Ranunculus. KEY FINDINGS: The genus Ranunculus contains flavonoids, organic acids, coumarins, lactones, glycosides, sterols, polysaccharides, and trace elements. These chemical constituents complement the pharmacological actions and work together to exert anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitubercular, antibacterial, antimalarial, etc...

OBJECTIVE: To determine how serologic responses to COVID vaccination/infection in immunemediated inflammatory disease (IMID) are affected by time since last vaccination and other factors. METHODS: Post-COVID-19 vaccination, data and dried blood spots/sera were collected from adults with rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus, ankylosing spondylitis/spondylarthritis and psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis. First sample was at enrolment and then 2-4 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months after latest vaccine dose...

Shock is a life-threatening circulatory failure that results in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation. Vasopressors and inotropes are vasoactive medications that are vital in increasing systemic vascular resistance and cardiac contractility, respectively, in patients presenting with shock. To be well versed in using these agents is an important skill to have in the critical care setting where patients can frequently exhibit symptoms of shock. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of shock and evaluate the current evidence behind the management of shock with an emphasis on vasopressors and inotropes...

Metal binder jetting shows great potential for medical technology. This potential can be exploited by integrating binder jetting into existing process routes known from metal injection molding. The biggest challenge here is the flowability and packing behavior of the powders used, due to their low size distributions. This paper investigates different powder-drying strategies to improve flowability using a statistical experimental design. Because of its relevance for medical applications, spherical Ti-6Al-4V powder with a size distribution under 25 µm is dried under various parameters using vacuum and gas purging...

INTRODUCTION: The Newborn Screening Programme for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (NBSIEM) enables early intervention and prevents premature mortality. Residual dried bloodspots (rDBS) from the heel prick test are a valuable resource for research. However, there is minimal data regarding how stakeholders in Hong Kong view the retention and secondary use of rDBS. This study aimed to explore views of the NBSIEM and the factors associated with retention and secondary use of rDBS among healthcare professionals in Hong Kong...

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition in children is mainly caused by the lack of protein and fat intake which harms their ability to grow and survive. Accurate data on the benefits of fish-based foods on the nutritional status of children is limited. The present systematic review aimed to provide an overview of published articles on the nutritional value of fish-based foods for children. METHODS: A systematic review was performed during 2000-2021 by searching Science Direct, Cochrane Library, PubMed, ProQuest, and Wiley Online Library databases...

Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI), also known as "chemobrain," is a common side effect of breast cancer therapy which causes oxidative stress and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ferulic acid (FA), a natural polyphenol, belongs to BCS class II is confirmed to have nootropic, neuroprotective and antioxidant effects. Here, we have developed FA solid dispersion (SD) in order to enhance its therapeutic potential against chemobrain. An amorphous ferulic acid loaded leucin solid dispersion (FA-Leu SD) was prepared by utilizing amino acid through spray-drying technique...

Accomplishment of an ideal root canal treatment is attributed to various essential factors such as proper instrumentation, chemomechanical preparation, obturation and post endodontic restoration. The main aim of this study is to test the null hypothesis that is the moisture condition of root dentin would not affect the bond strength and sealer penetration. This is an in vitro study conducted in Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, M A Rangoonwala Dental College, Pune, India over a period of two years (from 2021 to 2023)...

Objective　The aim of this study was to compare how Dietary Reference Intakes for the Japanese (DRIs), which are dietary guidelines proposing reference values for the intake of energy and nutrients by healthy Japanese people, are used by personnel whose work involves diet, food, or nutrition.Methods　A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted in July 2023 among those involved in work closely related to diet, food and/or nutrition. The frequency of the use of DRIs in daily work and the details of use, including the chapter used, difficulty of use, information source for revisions, and interest in a revised version, were compared among workplaces (e...

A thin, lightweight and flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding paper composite is an urgent need for modern military confrontations. Herein, a sandwich-structured EMI shielding paper composite with an easy pavement consisting of a filter paper layer, middle AgNWs/MXene layer, and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) layer was constructed by vacuum-assisted filtration, spraying and air-drying. The middle AgNWs/MXene compound endowed the filter paper with excellent electrical conductivity (166 S cm-1 ) and the fabricated filter paper-AgNWs/MXene-PVB composite exhibits superior EMI shielding (30 dB) with a 141 μm thickness...

Toad Venom (TV) is the dried product of toxic secretions from Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor (BgC) or B. melanostictus Schneider (BmS). Given the increasing medical demand and the severe depletion of wild toads, a number of counterfeit TVs appeared on the market, posing challenges to its quality control. In order to develop an efficient, feasible, and comprehensive approach to evaluate TV quality, a thorough analysis and comparison of chemical compounds among legal species BgC and BmS, as well as the main confusion species B...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cistanche tubulosa (CT) is the dried fleshy stem with scaly leaves of Cistanche tubiflora (Schenk) Wight, which has the effects of tonifying the kidney-yang, benefiting the vital essence and blood, and moisturizing the intestines and laxatives. There are differences in the activity of CT before and after processing, but the mechanism of processing is not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY: The study aimed to compare the strength of action of CT before and after yellow-wine processing in the treatment of constipation and kidney yang deficiency and to identify the active ingredients responsible for the differences in activity before and after yellow-wine processing...

BACKGROUND: Using robots to handle medical devices in the decontamination area of the Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) can reduce risks and address staff shortages. The gripper design must allow reliable cleaning using standard CSSD procedures to avoid build-up of biofilms and possible cross-contamination between different instrument trays and the gripper's functionality. This study explores the design of the robot's gripper regarding cleanability, aiming to determine whether successful cleaning can be achieved even after prolonged drying for a working shift of 8 h...

BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) remain a high priority population under the federal Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative with 11% of new HIV infections attributable to injection drug use. There is a critical need for innovative, efficacious, scalable, and community-driven models of healthcare in non-stigmatizing settings for PWID. We seek to test a Comprehensive-TeleHarm Reduction (C-THR) intervention for HIV prevention services delivered via a syringe services program (SSP)...

BACKGROUND: 10%-15% of the world's population suffers from kidney stones. Nearly 50% increase was observed in diagnosing and treating nephrolithiasis in the last decades. Effective medical treatment for the disease is not yet well established. Moreover, there is an increasing global demand to manage diseases using complementary and alternative medicine. This study aimed to formulate and assess the safety and efficacy of a multi-ingredient formulation from traditional Persian medicine (TPM) known as Mofatet powder in patients suffering from calcium kidney stones...

Nowadays the significant role of biobanks in medical, diagnostic, industrial, and environmental research is well known. Bacterial biobanks could be used as a good resource for designing new treatments, biomedical and industrial researches, and laboratory diagnostics. To have a collection of bacteria from clinical samples and maintain their long-term viability, their preservation needs appropriate protective agents, like cryoprotectants and lyoprotectants. In this study, we collected and characterized Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria carrying important antibiotic resistance markers from different clinical samples of hospitalized children...

In contrast to conventional particles characterized by isotropic surfaces, Janus particles possess anisotropic surfaces, resulting in unique physicochemical properties and functional attributes. In recent times, there has been a surge in interest regarding the synthesis of Janus particles using biological macromolecules. Various synthesis techniques have been developed for the fabrication of Janus materials derived from biomass. These methods include electrospinning, freeze-drying, secondary casting film formation, self-assembly technology, and other approaches...