treatment sepsis pregnancy

BACKGROUND: Increased survival rate of extremely preterm children is associated with a higher risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and long-term sequelae, which implicate retinal changes. PURPOSE: To assess an influence of perinatal characteristics on morphology and retinal vascularity of the macula in preterm children. METHODS: A cohort of 123 preterm children at the age of 10.5 years (IQR: 8.12-12.77) was prospectively assessed...

Spontaneous previable rupture of membranes complicates approximately 0.4-0.7% of pregnancies and is associated with severe maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Intra-amniotic inflammation is present in up to 94.4% of cases, most often caused by a bacterial infection. In comparison, the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in its eradication reaches less than 17%. Inflammatory activity in the amniotic cavity disrupts the physiological development of the fetus with an increase in maternal, fetal, and neonatal inflammatory morbidity through the development of fetal inflammatory response syndrome, maternal chorioamnionitis, and neonatal sepsis...

OBJECTIVES: Group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization among pregnant women is the leading cause of neonatal infection. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is the most effective method to reduce the incidents of neonatal sepsis. We describe compliance with GBS management and the implementation of IAP in the context of the long-term effect of antibiotics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted among 249 childbearing women hospitalized between January 2022 and February 2022 at University Clinical Center in Gdansk, Poland...

There are limited case reports on individuals infected with Burkholderia cepacia who do not have typical risk factors, particularly pregnant women with beta-thalassemia. A 34-year-old pregnant female with beta-thalassemia trait and hypertension was admitted to the hospital. The patient was diagnosed with eclampsia and underwent a cesarean section. After two days following the surgery, the patient experienced hospitality-acquired pneumonia. B . cepacia was isolated from blood cultures, and antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated sensitivity to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin...

OBJECTIVE: To describe perinatal and maternal outcomes of preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) before 23 weeks' gestation in a national cohort. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: National population based cohort study with the UK Obstetric Surveillance System (UKOSS), a research infrastructure of all 194 obstetric units in the UK, 1 September 2019 to 28 February 2021. PARTICIPANTS: 326 women with singleton and 38 with multiple pregnancies with PPROM between 16+0 and 22+6 weeks+days' gestation...

BACKGROUND: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and post-abortion hemorrhage (PAH) are life-threatening conditions. PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of uterine arterial embolization (UAE) for PPH and PAH and to investigate future fertility after UAE. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 57 consecutive patients (mean age = 34 years) who underwent UAE for PPH (n = 46) and PAH (n = 11) at our institution between January 2011 and December 2022...

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects women of reproductive age. In pregnancy, it can lead to maternal and fetal complications. However, diagnosis in pregnancy is challenging since the disease mimics many features associated with other disorders and some complications related to pregnancy. Here we report a 24-year-old woman at 26 weeks gestation who presented with a fever of unknown origin. She developed tachycardia, nausea, fatigue, rigors, and pancytopenia. Once sepsis and other chronic conditions were ruled out, rheumatology was consulted...

Objective. To compare mortality and major neonatal morbidities between singleton preterm infants and preterm infants of multiple gestations born <33 weeks' gestation. Method. Case-control study of preterm multiples and singletons <33 weeks' born at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City Riyadh (KAMC-R) between January 2017 and December 2020. Out-born infants and infants with lethal congenital abnormalities were excluded from the study. Mortality and major neonatal morbidities including bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), sepsis and surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) were compared between preterm singletons and multiples...

Listeriosis is a foodborne infection in humans caused by Listeria monocytogenes. Consumption of contaminated food can lead to severe infection in vulnerable patients, that can be fatal. Clinical manifestations include sepsis and meningitis, and in pregnancy-associated infection, miscarriage and stillbirth. Diagnosis is confirmed by culture and identification of the pathogen from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, vaginal swab, placenta or amniotic fluid. Treatment regimens recommend amoxicillin, ampicillin or an aminoglycoside...

An intrauterine infection during the first trimester of pregnancy can rapidly lead to bacteremia, with severe consequences for the patient. While these infections are mainly found after a miscarriage or an abortion, the diagnosis is sometimes made while the pregnancy is still in progress. The clinical history and symptoms reported by the patient lead to the suspicion of such a complication. Treatment must be rapid and based on a broad-spectrum antibiotic regimen covering Gram-negative, Gram-positive, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria...

BACKGROUND: Sepsis, the second most common cause of neonatal mortality, causes more than one million deaths annually. India has the highest incidence of clinical sepsis (17000/100000 live birth). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the risk factors and organisms of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) in a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a case-control study conducted in the neonatal unit of MGM Medical College, Kishanganj, Bihar, from January 2022 to April 2023...

BACKGROUND: Newborns are particularly susceptible to infection in hospitals, with neonatal sepsis being the most common infection symptom and the third leading cause of neonatal death. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative bacterium of Enterobacteriaceae, which is a common pathogen of neonatal septicemia. In this study, we will analyze and evaluate the current status, clinical characteristics, and drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), with the aim of providing effective basis for timely and accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice...

The main causes of maternal mortality are comorbidities, hypertensive pregnancy syndrome, obstetric haemorrhage, and maternal sepsis. For this reason, uterotonics, magnesium sulphate, and antibiotics are essential tools in the management of obstetric patients during labour and in the peripartum period. These drugs are widely used by anaesthesiologists in all departments, and play a crucial role in treatment and patient safety. For the purpose of this narrative review, we performed a detailed search of medical databases and selected studies describing the use of these drugs in patients during pregnancy, delivery and the pospartum period...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Sepsis is a serious and life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated immune response to an infection. Recent guidance issued in the UK gave recommendations around recognition and antibiotic treatment of sepsis, but did not consider factors relating to health inequalities. The aim of this study was to summarise the literature investigating associations between health inequalities and sepsis. METHODS: Searches were conducted in Embase for peer-reviewed articles published since 2010 that included sepsis in combination with one of the following five areas: socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, community factors, medical needs and pregnancy/maternity...

OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical, laboratory, and antibiotic treatment characteristics in pregnant or recently pregnant women diagnosed with maternal sepsis. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a Brazilian tertiary hospital from March 2014 until February 2018. The hospital implemented a Sepsis Protocol, based on the Brazilian Ministry of Health recommendation. All women who were pregnant or recently pregnant (up to 42 days postpartum), and who presented with suspected sepsis were included...

BACKGROUND: Neonatal jaundice is one of the most prevalent problems, affecting over a million newborns globally every year. It increases the likelihood of hospitalization, lifetime disability, and death, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Despite its impact and diverse risk factors, neonatal jaundice remains underappreciated in developing nations such as Ethiopia. As a result, this study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of jaundice in newborns admitted to public hospitals in south Ethiopia...

Pregnant and postnatal women are a high-risk population particularly prone to rapid progression to sepsis with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Moreover, severe maternal infections can have a serious detrimental impact on neonates with almost 1 million neonatal deaths annually attributed to maternal infection or sepsis. In this review we discuss the susceptibility of pregnant women and their specific physiological and immunological adaptations that contribute to their vulnerability to sepsis, the implications for the neonate, as well as the issues with antimicrobial stewardship and the challenges this poses when attempting to reach a balance between clinical care and urgent treatment...

Introduction The optimal timing of corticosteroid initiation in septic shock patients is debatable. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines recommended adding hydrocortisone to septic shock patients who require a vasopressor with a dose of norepinephrine ≥ 0.25 mcg/kg/min for at least four hours. Nevertheless, the best time to initiate hydrocortisone remains uncertain. Objective Assessing the impact of early (≤3 hours) versus late (>3 hours) initiation of hydrocortisone in septic patients...

Incomplete pulmonary function and insufficient production of pulmonary surfactant in premature infants may affect alveolar relaxation, inducing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). The present study was a retrospective comparison of lipid metabolism indexes and clinic information between NRDS and non-NRDS infants. Data on general information, pregnancy, clinical symptoms, family history as well as plasma biochemical and lipid metabolic indexes were retrospectively collected and statistically analyzed from 79 patients with NRDS and 44 non-NRDS infants...

Preterm birth remains a significant global health challenge, affecting approximately 10% of pregnancies and resulting in one million deaths globally every year. Tocolytic agents, used to manage preterm labour, have considerable limitations including lack of efficacy, and adverse side-effects, emphasising the urgent need for innovative solutions. Here, we explore repurposing an antiplatelet cardioprotective drug, ticagrelor, as a potential treatment to prevent preterm birth. Ticagrelor has demonstrated pleiotropic actions beyond platelet inhibition, including relaxant effects on smooth muscle cells and anti-inflammatory effects in models of diabetes and sepsis...