AHIMA

There is limited data on the link between cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and severe hypoglycemia, in type 2 diabetes. We evaluated the associations of CAN with severe hypoglycemia among 7,421 adults with type 2 diabetes from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study. CAN was defined using electrocardiogram-derived measures. Cox and Andersen-Gill regression models were used to generate hazard ratios (HRs) for first and recurrent severe hypoglycemic episodes, respectively. Over 4...

Leptin-TRPM7 axis in the carotid bodies may play an important role in the pathogenesis of sleep-disordered breathing TRPM7 channels regulate breathing during sleep by acting peripherally in the carotid bodies Suppression of TRPM7 signaling in the carotid bodies improves the obesity-induced hypoventilation in mice Pharmacological blockade of TRPM7 channels in the carotid bodies could be a therapy for sleep-disordered breathing in obesity ABSTRACT: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) affects over 50% of obese individuals...

Hepatic glucose production (HGP) is crucial for the maintenance of normal glucose homeostasis. Although hepatic insulin resistance contributes to excessive glucose production, its mechanism is not well understood. Here, we show that inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK), a key enzyme in inositol polyphosphate biosynthesis, plays a role in regulating hepatic insulin signaling and gluconeogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. IPMK-deficient hepatocytes exhibit decreased insulin-induced activation of Akt-FoxO1 signaling...

BACKGROUND: The field of health information management (HIM) focuses on the protection and management of health information from a variety of sources. The American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) Council for Excellence in Education (CEE) determines the needed skills and competencies for this field. AHIMA's HIM curricula competencies are divided into several domains among the associate, undergraduate, and graduate levels. Moreover, AHIMA's career map displays career paths for HIM professionals...

BACKGROUND: The field of health information management (HIM) focuses on the protection and management of health information from a variety of sources. The American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) Council for Excellence in Education (CEE) determines the needed skills and competencies for this field. AHIMA's HIM curricula competencies are divided into several domains among the associate, undergraduate, and graduate levels. Moreover, AHIMA's career map displays career paths for HIM professionals...

Serotonin is an important mediator modulating behavior, metabolism, sleep, control of breathing, and upper airway function, but the role of aging in serotonin-mediated effects has not been previously defined. Our study aimed to examine the effect of brain serotonin deficiency on breathing during sleep and metabolism in younger and older mice. We measured breathing during sleep, hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR), CO2 production (VCO2 ), and O2 consumption (VO2 ) in 16-18-week old and 40-44-week old mice with deficiency of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2), which regulates serotonin synthesis specifically in neurons, compared to Tph2+/+ mice...

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common type of sleep disordered breathing (SDB), characterized by recurrent periods of upper airway obstruction during sleep leading to increase in morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of OSA exceeds 50% in individuals with obesity and 10-20% also develop hypercapnia and hypoventilation during sleep which characterizes obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS). There is no effective pharmacotherapy for SDB. Leptin, an adipocyte derived hormone, can stimulate breathing and is a potential therapeutic candidate...

Serotonin is an important mediator modulating behavior, metabolism, sleep, control of breathing, and upper airway function but the role of aging in serotonin-mediated effects has not been previously defined. Our study aimed to examine the effect of brain serotonin deficiency on breathing during sleep and metabolism in younger and older mice. We measured breathing during sleep, hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR), CO2 production (VCO2 ), and O2 consumption (VO2 ) in 16-18 week old and 40-44 week old mice with genetic deficiency of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2), which regulates serotonin synthesis specifically in neurons, and Tph2+/+ controls...

BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) containing integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) has been associated with weight-gain in both ART-initiation and switch studies, especially in women, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. METHODS: The effects of dolutegravir (DTG) on food intake, energy expenditure, oxygen consumption in female mice, and gene expression from adipose tissues were assessed. Human and murine preadipocytes were treated with DTG either during differentiation into mature brown/beige adipocytes or post-differentiation...

AIM: We evaluated the associations of heart rate variability (HRV) with incident vision-threatening retinopathy and retinopathy progression among adults with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Participants recruited to the ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) study with HRV-measures at baseline were analyzed. HRV-measures included standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive differences between normal-to-normal intervals (rMSSD)...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is associated with impaired insulin metabolism and increased dementia risk. Insulin is important in brain function and alterations may be associated with neuropathology. We examined associations of insulin resistance in the human postmortem brain, as assessed by molecular signaling measures including insulin receptor substrate (IRS1) and serine/threonine-protein kinase [AKT], with pathologically-defined cerebrovascular disease. METHODS: Subjects were 150 elderly deceased and autopsied persons with or without diabetes, matched 1:1 by sex on age-at-death and education...

BACKGROUND: It remains unclear how the variability of adiposity indices relates to incident HF. This study evaluated the associations of the variability in several adiposity indices with incident heart failure (HF) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS: We included 4073 participants from the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study. We assessed variability of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body weight across four annual visits using three variability metrics, the variability independent of the mean (VIM), coefficient of variation (CV), and intraindividual standard deviation (SD)...

As the curtain draws on the 5-year term of the JCI editorial board at Johns Hopkins, I am filled with gratitude and would like to extend a warm ayekoo (Ghanaian salutation meaning "well done") to our editors, staff, reviewers, and scientists for supporting the Journal. I am delighted to welcome the next JCI Editor in Chief, Elizabeth McNally - the first woman to lead the JCI since it was founded almost a century ago - and her team from Northwestern University.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Mechanistic studies suggest that type 2 diabetes is independently associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Little is known about the CRF profile in type 2 diabetes; we assessed the correlates of low CRF among overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 4215 participants with type 2 diabetes and without cardiovascular disease underwent maximal exercise testing in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study...

In this editorial, we describe the experience of the JCI editors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our goal is to share how we operated during the pandemic, recount how the JCI contributed to the response, highlight some of the major papers we published on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, and impart our insights in the hope that these are helpful to journal editors that may need to deal with similar types of crises in the future.

Androgen excess is one of the most common endocrine disorders of reproductive-aged women, affecting up to 20% of this population. Women with elevated androgens often exhibit hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. The mechanisms of how elevated androgens affect metabolic function are not clear. Hyperandrogenemia in a dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-treated female mouse model induces whole body insulin resistance possibly through activation of the hepatic androgen receptor (AR). We investigated the role of hepatocyte AR in hyperandrogenemia-induced metabolic dysfunction by using several approaches to delete hepatic AR via animal-, cell-, and clinical-based methodologies...

Background Microvascular disease (MVD) is a potential contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus-related cardiac dysfunction. However, there is a paucity of data on the link between MVD and incident heart failure (HF) in type 2 diabetes mellitus. We examined the association of MVD with incident HF in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods and Results A total of 4095 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and free of HF were assessed for diabetes mellitus-related MVD including nephropathy, retinopathy, or neuropathy at baseline in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study...

This study's objective was to identify the prevalence of the American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) career map jobs and determine which job categories, degrees, and skills are associated with higher pay. We extracted data from SimplyHired, a major employment website, from December 2018 to December 2019. We retrieved 12,688 career posts. We found differences in average salary by career category (p-value 0.00). Most jobs were in coding and revenue cycle (CRC) and information governance (IG) categories...

The study's objective is to examine the role of healthcare privacy officers, including their personal and organizational knowledge, and the facilities where they work. A survey was conducted of privacy officers that are members of the American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA). This resulted in 123 responses that were analyzed for this study. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize factors. The results showed the characteristics predominant among privacy officers are female, higher age, employed in healthcare for numerous years, mostly hold credentials, higher educated, with higher self-reported knowledge levels...