Zofran

The purpose of this study was to evaluate bioequivalence of two commercial 8 mg tablet formulations of ondansetrona available in the Brazilian market. In this study, a simple, rapid, sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method is described for the determination of ondansetron in human plasma samples. The method was validated over a concentration range of 2.5-60 ng/ml and used in a bioequivalence trial between orally disintegrating and conventional tablet ondansetron formulations, to assess its usefulness in this kind of study...

INTRODUCTION: Ondansetron, an increasingly prescribed 5-HT(3) antagonist used in the management of nausea and vomiting of various etiologies, has a well-established safety profile in therapeutic use. However, little is known about its effects in the setting of an overdose. We describe the first case of severe toxicity in an infant who unintentionally ingested a large quantity of ondansetron. CASE REPORT: A 12-month-old infant who ingested seven to eight tablets of his mother's Zofran (ondansetron) ODT 8 mg rapidly developed obtundation and myoclonic movements...

The efficiency of using various formulations of the antiemetic ondansetron to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the surgical treatment of postburn scars and deformities in children with a family history of PONV was compared. The patients were randomized into 4 representative groups. Preoperative administration of ondansetron (zofran) as lingual tablets was shown to be most effective. When the drug was used as syrup, PONV developed 2 times more frequently (PONV in 20% of the patients and 3 times more commonly when the drug was intravenously injected as jets during induction to anesthesia (PONV in 30% of the patients...

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Actual risk and risk management of exposure to ionizing radiation are among the most controversial areas in environmental health protection. Recent developments in radiobiology especially characterization of bystander effects have called into question established dogmas and are thought to cast doubt on the scientific basis of the risk assessment framework, leading to uncertainty for regulators and concern among affected populations. In this paper we test the hypothesis that small signaling molecules widely used throughout the animal kingdom for signaling stress or environmental change, such as 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin), l-DOPA, glycine or nicotine are involved in bystander signaling processes following ionizing radiation exposure...

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a frequent complication of craniotomy. We evaluated the ability of intraoperative IV ondansetron followed by postoperative ondansetron in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation to reduce the frequency and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial of 60 patients undergoing acoustic neuroma resection. Each patient received intraoperative ondansetron (4 mg IV) or placebo 30 min before case end. Postoperatively, patients received ondansetron in an orally disintegrating tablet formulation (8 mg BID) or placebo twice a day for up to 72 h...

BACKGROUND: Traditional practice for alveolar cleft closure requires postoperative hospital convalescence in an unfamiliar, disruptive hospital setting. An outpatient iliac crest alveolar bone grafting protocol was devised to optimize patient care. METHODS: A retrospective review of the senior author's experience over 5 years (1998 to 2004) of ambulatory alveolar cleft closure was compared with the previous 5-year period (1993 to 1998) of inpatient convalescence...

A comparative "cost-efficiency" pharmacoeconomic analysis was made for 5 different anti-emitting drugs, i.e. for "Navoban", "Zofran" (intravenous administration, 8 mg; and suppositories, 16 mg) and for "Metipred" (methylprednisolone) used in aesthetic and reconstructive surgeries of 86 patients. All the drugs were found to be effective for the prevention of PONV. Clinically, the efficiency decreased in the following order: "Novoban" and "Zofran" suppositories 16 mg, "Metiored" and "Zofran" intravenous administration 8 mg...

Described in the paper are the results of a multicenter study that was conducted at 11 health-care facilities of the Russian Federation and that was based on an analysis of 623 medical records of adult patients operated on with general anesthesia of different variations. There were 154 (24.7%) males and 469 (75.3%) females, aged 16 to 90. The study denoted the need in and possibility of preventing and arresting the PONV; it also outlined those forms of ondansetron (Zofran) that can be used for the purpose, they are: parenteral and lingual pills and rectal suppositories...

OBJECTIVE: Ondansetron (Zofran) is a drug used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy. Despite the fact that it is not indicated, women are being prescribed this drug for the treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). There is a paucity of information on fetal safety for this indication. The objective of this study is to determine whether this drug increases the baseline rate of major malformations. DESIGN: A prospective comparative observational study...

The purposes of this review are to convey the current distinction between pathological drug dependence and voluntary drug abuse; to provide an overview of the anatomy and biochemistry of dependence; to discuss the rationale for attempting to prevent relapse by using therapeutic agents; and to describe effective agents that reduce relapse in alcohol- and opioid-dependent people. Drug dependence (formerly called "addiction") has as its essential characteristic "impaired control over use of the drug." Impaired control occurs when pathways are sensitized within the emotional brain, (usually) in genetically predisposed individuals...

Despite great advances in modern medicine, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) continue to be a significant problem without a definitive cure. This article describes a prospective study conducted with 143 plastic surgery patients at a single institution between 1998 and 2000 to identify preoperative risk factors for PONV that may be specific to plastic surgery patients. In addition, a prophylactic regimen was identified that demonstrated a decrease in the incidence of PONV from the published incidence of 22% to 3%...

Ondanserton (zofran), 16-32 mg/24 hr, lingual tablets, 2 days, was administered in 40 patients with advanced tumors who received combination chemotherapy (ABVD) (9 patients with Hodgkin's disease), CHOP (16--non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), gemzar + cisplatin (6--ovarian and 5--breast cancer), CAF, AC and taxol + carboplatin) (4). Distinct prophylactic antiemetic effect, delayed effect (94%) included, was reported in the CHOP group: full control--64% and partial control in gemzar + cisplatin treatment (27%). Loss of appetite was prevented in most patients receiving CHOP and gemzar + cisplatin...

A prospective study was conducted to examine the efficacy of highly selective, 5-HT3 serotonin receptor antagonists (Zofran, 4 mg; Latran, 4 and 8 mg; Navoban, 2 and 5 mg) during plastic and abdominal (endoscopic and routine) interventions in 165 patients aged 14 to 77 years who had ASA Classes I-III. The drugs caused no adverse reactions and were effective in controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after surgery under total intravenous anesthesia. In plastic surgery, Navoban, Zofran, and Latran controlled PONV in 94, 81, and 70% of cases, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Antiemetic drugs are costly, are associated with variable efficacy, and can produce unwanted side effects when used for prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting. This clinical study was designed to compare the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation using a ReliefBand to ondansetron (Zofran) when utilized alone or in combination for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting after plastic surgery. METHODS: A single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and sham-controlled study design was conducted to compare three prophylactic antiemetic treatment regimens in 120 outpatients undergoing plastic surgery procedures with routine low-dose droperidol prophylaxis: (1) ondansetron (n = 40), 4 mg intravenous ondansetron and a sham ReliefBand; (2) acustimulation (n = 40), 2 ml intravenous saline and an active ReliefBand; and (3) combination (n = 40), 4 mg intravenous ondansetron and an active ReliefBand...

Oral antiemetics are seldom taken by patients (women, children or those having tumors of the buccal area, mouth or esophagus), who find it difficult to swallow. In addition to anatomical reasons, the side effects of cytostatics require medication. Fast dissolving ondansetron is a new preparation, which instantaneously disintegrates and disperses in the saliva. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the antiemetic effectivity of the product Zofran Zydis. Thirty six patients treated with cisplatin (50 mg/m2) in 55 chemotherapy courses were given 2x8 mg fast dissolving ondansetron in a prospective non randomised study...

Perhaps the most unpleasant experience following outpatient plastic surgery procedures is postoperative nausea and vomiting. Postoperative nausea and vomiting often results in delayed recovery time and unintended admission, and it can be a contributing factor to the formation of hematoma following rhytidectomy. Ondansetron (Zofran) has proven benefit in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting if given before general anesthesia in a variety of surgical procedures. Its utility in cases performed under conscious sedation has not been determined...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Vomiting in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis interferes with the oral rehydration process and equally frustrates parents and health care providers. Adjuncts such as promethazine and metoclopramide are less than optimally effective and are associated with side effects. Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist marketed as Zofran, is a safe and effective antiemetic used extensively in oncology and postoperative patients. We evaluate the effect of the antiemetic ondansetron versus placebo on the clinical outcome of patients with vomiting from gastroenteritis in a pediatric emergency department...

Nausea and vomiting continue to rank as important side effects for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The class of drugs known as the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists have become widely used for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and are considered a standard part of care for moderately- and highly-emetogenic chemotherapy in combination with corticosteroids. Ondansetron (Zofran, Glaxo Wellcome), granisetron (Kytril, SmithKline Beecham) and dolasetron (Anzemet, Hoechst Marion Roussel) are commercially available in the US...

BACKGROUND: The prophylactic administration of dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) is as effective as the use of ondansetron (Zofran) in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A prospective double-blind randomized study was performed in a tertiary care referral center. METHODS: For this study, 128 American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical statuses I, II, and III patients were randomly assigned to receive either ondansetron 4 mg intravenously (IV) at $17 per dose (group 1) or dimenhydrinate 50 mg IV at $2...