keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450189/metabolomics-analysis-reveals-novel-serum-metabolite-alterations-in-cancer-cachexia
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tushar H More, Karsten Hiller, Martin Seifert, Thomas Illig, Rudi Schmidt, Raphael Gronauer, Thomas von Hahn, Hauke Weilert, Axel Stang
BACKGROUND: Cachexia is a body wasting syndrome that significantly affects well-being and prognosis of cancer patients, without effective treatment. Serum metabolites take part in pathophysiological processes of cancer cachexia, but apart from altered levels of select serum metabolites, little is known on the global changes of the overall serum metabolome, which represents a functional readout of the whole-body metabolic state. Here, we aimed to comprehensively characterize serum metabolite alterations and analyze associated pathways in cachectic cancer patients to gain new insights that could help instruct strategies for novel interventions of greater clinical benefit...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449922/healthcare-provider-n95-respirator-contamination-worn-behind-face-shields-with-sars-cov-2-during-routine-clinical-care-of-patients-with-covid-19
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda M Graves, Bobby G Warren, Aaron Barrett, Sarah S Lewis, Becky Smith, David J Weber, Emily E Sickbert-Bennett, Deverick J Anderson
N95 respirator contamination with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during clinical care of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 is poorly understood. We performed a prospective observational study on healthcare provider's (HCP's) N95 respirators' and face shields' SARS-CoV-2 contamination during aerosol-generating procedures on SARS-CoV-2-positive patients housed in a COVID-19-specific unit. Medical masks worn on top of HCP's N95 respirators, and under face shields, during study aerosol-generating procedures were used as surrogates to detect contamination to avoid waste...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436873/clostridium-perfringens-induced-massive-hemolysis-treatment-with-blood-purification-to-target-toxins-a-case-report
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
I Reffo, M Domini, M Cevolani, G Del Fabro, D Rufolo, S Venturini, L Pinciroli, D Tonin, M Avolio, M Crapis, G Basaglia, M Balbi, G Nadalin
Clostridium perfringens can rarely cause severe systemic infections, usually from an abdominal source, associated with massive hemolysis, which is usually fatal. Hemolytic anemia and acute renal injury resulting from toxin action are critical for the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODs), making this condition a real emergency, requiring multispecialty skills and aggressive multimodal therapies. We herein describe a case of septic shock from acute cholecystitis with massive hemolysis caused by C...
March 4, 2024: CEN Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435900/delayed-irreversible-fanconi-syndrome-associated-with-vertebral-fracture-after-tenofovir-discontinuation
#24
Ghofran N Qorban, Jameelah Alyami, Shaza Samargandy, Tariq A Madani
The use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) as an antiretroviral agent has been reported to adversely affect both renal tubules and bone health, leading to pathological fractures. While such an effect is largely reversible, substituting TDF with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) might result in lower rates of adverse events with the preservation of tenofovir effectiveness. We report a case of a 40-year-old lady with HIV infection who had a vertebral fragility fracture secondary to TDF-associated Fanconi syndrome...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432368/effects-of-solution-chemistry-on-dielectric-barrier-atmospheric-non-thermal-plasma-for-operative-degradation-of-antiretroviral-drug-nevirapine
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andere Clement Miruka, Xiaoting Gao, Li Cai, Yinyin Zhang, Pengcheng Luo, Geoffrey Otieno, Han Zhang, Zhiqi Song, Yanan Liu
The global prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has been an environmental menace. Tons of drug wastes from antiretroviral therapy are released into the environment annually. We, for the first time, employed the novel dielectric barrier atmospheric non-thermal plasma (DBANP) discharge, to mitigate the inadvertent pollution arising from the antiretroviral therapy. A 40-min treatment of nevirapine achieved >94 % (0.075 min-1 ) removal efficiency at discharge power of 63...
March 1, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432024/the-impact-of-chronic-and-acute-problems-on-sea-turtles-the-consequences-of-the-oil-spill-and-ingestion-of-anthropogenic-debris-on-the-tropical-semi-arid-coast-of-cear%C3%A3-brazil
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alice F Feitosa, Ícaro B H M P Menezes, Oscar S Duarte, Carminda S B Salmito-Vanderley, Pedro B M Carneiro, Rufino N A Azevedo, André H B Oliveira, Ana C S Luz, Adriana P Nascimento, Ronaldo F Nascimento, Laercio L Martins, Rivelino M Cavalcante, Caroline V Feitosa
Sea turtle mortality is often related to materials that reach the coast from different anthropic activities worldwide. This study aimed to investigate whether sea turtle mortality was related to older marine problems, such as solid waste, or one of the largest oil spill accidents on the Brazilian coast, that occurred in 2019. We posed three questions: 1) Are there solid residues in the digestive tract samples, and which typology is the most abundant? 2) Can meso‑ and macro-waste marine pollutants cause mortality? 3) Is the dark material found really oil? A total of 25 gastrointestinal content (GC) samples were obtained, of which 22 ingested waste of anthropogenic origin and 18 were necropsied...
February 18, 2024: Aquatic Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429578/mitochondrial-fusion-and-altered-beta-oxidation-drive-muscle-wasting-in-a-drosophila-cachexia-model
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Callum Dark, Nashia Ali, Sofya Golenkina, Vaibhav Dhyani, Ronnie Blazev, Benjamin L Parker, Kate T Murphy, Gordon S Lynch, Tarosi Senapati, S Sean Millard, Sarah M Judge, Andrew R Judge, Lopamudra Giri, Sarah M Russell, Louise Y Cheng
Cancer cachexia is a tumour-induced wasting syndrome, characterised by extreme loss of skeletal muscle. Defective mitochondria can contribute to muscle wasting; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using a Drosophila larval model of cancer cachexia, we observed enlarged and dysfunctional muscle mitochondria. Morphological changes were accompanied by upregulation of beta-oxidation proteins and depletion of muscle glycogen and lipid stores. Muscle lipid stores were also decreased in Colon-26 adenocarcinoma mouse muscle samples, and expression of the beta-oxidation gene CPT1A was negatively associated with muscle quality in cachectic patients...
March 1, 2024: EMBO Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38423434/highly-crystalline-cellulose-microparticles-from-dealginated-seaweed-waste-ameliorate-high-fat-sugar-diet-induced-hyperlipidemia-in-mice-by-modulating-gut-microbiota
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shiying Tang, Xiuyu Dong, Yueyun Ma, Hui Zhou, Yunhai He, Dandan Ren, Xiang Li, Yidi Cai, Qiukuan Wang, Long Wu
The effects of seaweed cellulose (SC) on high fat-sugar diet (HFSD)-induced glucolipid metabolism disorders in mice and potential mechanisms were investigated. SC was isolated from dealginated residues of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera), with a crystallinity index of 85.51 % and an average particle size of 678.2 nm. Administering SC to C57BL/6 mice at 250 or 500 mg/kg BW/day via intragastric gavage for six weeks apparently inhibited the development of HFSD-induced obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and liver damage...
February 27, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38423290/respiratory-diseases-associated-with-organic-dust-exposure
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jill A Poole, Jose L Zamora-Sifuentes, Leticia De Las Vecillas, Santiago Quirce
Organic dusts are complex bioaerosol mixtures comprised of dust and particulate matter of organic origin. These include components from bacteria, fungi, pollen, and viruses to fragments of animals and plants commonplace to several environmental/occupational settings encompassing agriculture/farming, grain processing, waste/recycling, textile, cotton, woodworking, bird breeding, and more. Organic dust exposures are linked to development of chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, asthma-like syndrome, byssinosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)...
February 27, 2024: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38406827/cannabidiol-protects-c2c12-myotubes-against-cisplatin-induced-atrophy-by-regulating-oxidative-stress
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olivier Le Bacquer, Phelipe Sanchez, Véronique Patrac, César Rivoirad, Nicolas Saroul, Christophe Giraudet, Ayhan Kocer, Stephane Walrand
Cancer and chemotherapy can both cause cachexia, a complex multi-organ syndrome characterized by body weight loss, due to adipose tissue and skeletal muscle wasting. Changes in body weight and muscle mass are predictive of response to chemotherapy, incidence of treatment-related complications and, ultimately, patient survival, but there are currently still no clear therapeutic strategies to counteract cachexia. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a bioactive phytocannabinoid produced from a plant named Cannabis sativa . In recent years, CBD has demonstrated beneficial effects on maintaining skeletal muscle mass, function and metabolism in models of muscular dystrophy or diet-induced obesity...
February 26, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38397931/tumor-derived-sarcopenia-factors-are-diverse-in-different-tumor-types-a-pan-cancer-analysis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Gan, Yunqian Zeng, Jiaquan Huang, Xin Chen, Hao Kang, Shuaiwen Huang
Cancer-associated muscle wasting is a widespread syndrome in people with cancer and is characterized by weight loss and muscle atrophy, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. However, the tumor-derived factors that affect the development of muscle wasting and the mechanism by which they act remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we aimed to delineate differences in tumor molecular characteristics (especially secretion characteristics) between patients with and without sarcopenia across 10 tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)...
January 31, 2024: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38397644/barriers-to-women-s-menstrual-hygiene-practices-during-recurrent-disasters-and-displacement-a-qualitative-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shela Akbar Ali Hirani
Disasters that involve displacement are particularly challenging for managing personal and menstrual hygiene, which can increase the risk of toxic shock syndrome, infections and other health conditions that can endanger women's lives. This study aimed to examine the menstrual hygiene challenges experienced by internally displaced women affected by recurrent natural disasters and subsequent displacement in the context of a low-middle-income country, i.e., Pakistan. A critical ethnographic study was undertaken in disaster-relief camps in the northern region of Pakistan...
January 30, 2024: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381307/aids-defining-events-among-people-living-with-hiv-who-have-been-under-continuous-antiretroviral-therapy-for-more-than-one-year-a-german-cohort-study-1999-2018
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Annemarie Pantke, Christian Kollan, Barbara Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Björn-Erik Ole Jensen, Christoph Stephan, Olaf Degen, Dirk Schürmann, Tobias Kurth, Viviane Bremer, Uwe Koppe
PURPOSE: This study examined the characteristics, incidence and prognostic factors of the first AIDS-defining condition developed after more than one year of continuous antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV (PLHIV). METHODS: We used data from two multicentre observational cohorts of PLHIV in Germany between 1999 and 2018. Our outcome was the first AIDS-defining event that occurred during follow-up after more than one year of continuous ART. Descriptive analyses at ART initiation, at the time of the AIDS event and of the most frequently observed types of AIDS-defining illnesses were performed...
February 21, 2024: Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38371680/the-functionalities-and-applications-of-whey-whey-protein-in-fermented-foods-a-review
#34
REVIEW
Xiaorong Zeng, Yujie Wang, Shuda Yang, Yijun Liu, Xing Li, Diru Liu
Whey, a major by-product of cheese production, is primarily composed of whey protein (WP). To mitigate environmental pollution, it is crucial to identify effective approaches for fully utilizing the functional components of whey or WP to produce high-value-added products. This review aims to illustrate the active substances with immunomodulatory, metabolic syndrome-regulating, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities produced by whey or WP through fermentation processes, and summarizes the application and the effects of whey or WP on nutritional properties and health promotion in fermented foods...
March 2024: Food Science and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38361352/a-50-year-old-man-presenting-with-multiple-bone-lesions-and-a-diagnosis-of-phosphaturic-mesenchymal-tumor-of-the-femur
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dong Ren, Katherine Wei, Ibe Ifegwu
BACKGROUND Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is an extremely rare mesenchymal neoplasm that is commonly seen in bone and soft tissue. It is associated with a paraneoplastic syndrome, oncogenic osteomalacia, due to tumor-induced urinary phosphate wasting. It is demonstrated to be predominantly mediated by fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)/fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) axis. Clinically, PMT usually presents as a solitary lesion in the bone. The diagnosis of PMT is challenging due to its non-specific clinical manifestation, radiologic findings, and morphological features...
February 16, 2024: American Journal of Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38360756/bruns-garland-syndrome-as-the-first-presentation-of-type-2-diabetes-two-case-reports-and-a-practical-approach-to-diagnosis
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sathyajith Ambawatte, Piyumi Wijewickrama, Kamal Gunarathne, Noel Somasundaram
BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a global health problem causing a significant burden on the healthcare systems both due to the disease itself and associated complications. Diabetic radiculoplexus neuropathies or Bruns-Garland syndrome constitutes a rare form of microvascular complications, more commonly affecting the lumbosacral plexus and, very rarely, the cervical plexus. We describe two Sri Lankan males who presented with diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy and diabetic cervical radiculoplexus neuropathy as the initial manifestation of diabetes...
February 16, 2024: Journal of Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38350705/bartter-syndrome-like-phenotype-in-a-patient-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ravi Kumar, Nirmal Shreshta, Samir Samdarshi, Parikshit Chauhan
Bartter syndrome (BS) is a rare genetic tubulopathy affecting the loop of Henle leading to salt wasting. It is commonly seen in utero or in the early neonatal period. Rare cases of acquired BS are reported in association with infections like tuberculosis, granulomatous conditions like sarcoidosis, autoimmune diseases and drugs. The mainstay of management includes potassium, calcium and magnesium supplementation. We report the case of a woman in her 50s with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus for the last 10 years, who presented with diabetic foot ulcers and generalised weakness with ECG changes suggestive of hypokalaemia...
February 13, 2024: BMJ Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38337656/olive-olea-europaea-l-seed-as-new-source-of-cholesterol-lowering-bioactive-peptides-elucidation-of-their-mechanism-of-action-in-hepg2-cells-and-their-trans-epithelial-transport-in-differentiated-caco-2-cells
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Bartolomei, Jianqiang Li, Anna Laura Capriotti, Melissa Fanzaga, Lorenza d'Adduzio, Aldo Laganà, Andrea Cerrato, Nadia Mulinacci, Lorenzo Cecchi, Carlotta Bollati, Carmen Lammi
The production of olive oil has important economic repercussions in Mediterranean countries but also a considerable impact on the environment. This production generates enormous quantities of waste and by-products, which can be exploited as new raw materials to obtain innovative ingredients and therefore make the olive production more sustainable. In a previous study, we decided to foster olive seeds by generating two protein hydrolysates using food-grade enzymes, alcalase (AH) and papain (PH). These hydrolysates have shown, both in vitro and at the cellular level, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, being able to inhibit the activity of the DPP-IV enzyme and modulate the secretion of GLP-1...
January 26, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38334644/molecular-mechanisms-of-cachexia-a-review
#39
REVIEW
Mahdi Neshan, Diamantis I Tsilimigras, Xu Han, Hua Zhu, Timothy M Pawlik
Cachexia is a condition characterized by substantial loss of body weight resulting from the depletion of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. A considerable fraction of patients with advanced cancer, particularly those who have been diagnosed with pancreatic or gastric cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, or leukemias, are impacted by this condition. This syndrome manifests at all stages of cancer and is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. It heightens the susceptibility to surgical complications, chemotherapy toxicity, functional impairments, breathing difficulties, and fatigue...
January 29, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38333478/a-rare-lesion-in-the-anterior-region-of-the-third-ventricle-rosette-forming-glioneuronal-tumor
#40
Leopoldina Pereira, Djamel Kitumba, Mário Gil Fontoura, David A João, Lino Mascarenhas, Mário Resende
Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) is a rare and indolent mixed glioneuronal tumor involving primarily the fourth ventricular region and occurring predominantly in young adults. We present a case of a 44-year-old woman presented with progressive headaches, vomiting, and a sudden decreasing level of consciousness. The magnetic resonance imaging showed a regular lesion within the anterior portion of the third ventricle and the patient underwent an endoscopic approach to remove the tumor that was exclusively within the anterior portion of the third ventricle...
January 2024: Curēus
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