keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38324392/bergenin-alleviates-ulcerative-colitis-by-decreasing-gut-commensal-bacteroides-vulgatus-mediated-elevated-branched-chain-amino-acids
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tian-Qing Huang, Yu-Xin Chen, Su-Ling Zeng, Yang Lin, Fei Li, Zheng-Meng Jiang, E-Hu Liu
Ulcerative colitis is closely associated with the dysregulation of gut microbiota. There is growing evidence that natural products may improve ulcerative colitis by regulating the gut microbiota. In this research, we demonstrated that bergenin, a naturally occurring isocoumarin, significantly ameliorates colitis symptoms in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mice. Transcriptomic analysis and Caco-2 cell assays revealed that bergenin could ameliorate ulcerative colitis by inhibiting TLR4 and regulating NF-κB and mTOR phosphorylation...
February 7, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262527/branched-chain-amino-acids-promote-occurrence-and-development-of-cardiovascular-disease-dependent-on-triglyceride-metabolism-via-activation-of-the-mtor-srebp-1-betatrophin-pathway
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Zhang, Ziyu Liu, Yaojun Ni, Yang Yu, Fei Guo, Yanwen Lu, Xiaoqing Wang, Hairong Hao, Shayan Li, Pan Wei, Weinan Yu, Wen Hu
Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism is associated with triglyceride (TG) metabolism and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the underlying mechanism remains uncertain. This study included 1302 subjects and followed for 4-5 years. A hyperbranched-chain aminoacidemia rat model was induced by high fructose diet (HFTD). The relationship between BCAAs and TG level and its regulatory mechanism was investigated in vitro. As results, as baseline BCAA percentile increased, subjects had higher prevalence and incidence of T2DM, NAFLD, and and CVD risk (P < 0...
January 21, 2024: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38158148/branched-chain-amino-acid-catabolic-defect-promotes-%C3%AE-cell-proliferation-via-activating-mtor-signaling
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yulin Yang, Shushu Wang, Chunxiang Sheng, Jialin Tan, Junmin Chen, Tianjiao Li, Xiaoqin Ma, Haipeng Sun, Xiao Wang, Libin Zhou
Elevated circulating level of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) is closely related to the development of type 2 diabetes. However, the role of BCAA catabolism in various tissues in maintaining glucose homeostasis remains largely unknown. Pancreatic α-cells have been regarded as amino acid sensors in recent years. Therefore, we generated α-cell specific branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase E1α subunit (BCKDHA) knockout (BCKDHA-αKO) mice to decipher the effects of BCAA catabolism in α-cells on whole-body energy metabolism...
December 27, 2023: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38052405/chronic-triclosan-exposure-induce-impaired-glucose-tolerance-by-altering-the-gut-microbiota
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhen Yu, Junyong Han, Lisha Li, Qiufeng Zhang, Ayun Chen, Jinyan Chen, Kun Wang, Jingjun Jin, Huangyuan Li, Gang Chen
Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial compound incorporated into more than 2000 consumer products. This compound is frequently detected in the human body and causes ubiquitous contamination in the environment, thereby raising concerns about its impact on human health and environmental pollution. Here, we demonstrated that 20 weeks' exposure of TCS drove the development of glucose intolerance by inducing compositional and functional alterations in intestinal microbiota in rats. Fecal-transplantation experiments corroborated the involvement of gut microbiota in TCS-induced glucose-tolerance impairment...
December 3, 2023: Food and Chemical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37956909/branched-chain-amino-acid-catabolic-defect-in-vascular-smooth-muscle-cells-drives-thoracic-aortic-dissection-via-mtor-hyperactivation
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liming Yu, Tao Huang, Jikai Zhao, Zijun Zhou, Zijun Cao, Yanbang Chi, Shan Meng, Yuting Huang, Yinli Xu, Lin Xia, Hui Jiang, Zongtao Yin, Huishan Wang
Metabolic reprogramming of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). Previous researches have mainly focused on dysregulation of fatty acid or glucose metabolism, while the impact of amino acids catabolic disorder in VSMCs during the development of TAD remains elusive. Here, we identified branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolic defect as a metabolic hallmark of TAD. The bioinformatics analysis and data from human aorta revealed impaired BCAA catabolism in TAD individuals...
November 11, 2023: Free Radical Biology & Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37863411/mechanism-of-skeletal-muscle-atrophy-by-muscle-fiber-types-in-male-rats-under-long-term-fasting-stress
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takahiro Ieko, Jumpei Fujiki, Yasuhiro Hasegawa, Tomohito Iwasaki, Hidetomo Iwano, Naoyuki Maeda
Fasting induces metabolic changes in muscles, which are differentiated by muscle fiber type. In this study, the mechanism of fasting-induced muscle atrophy in rats was examined to determine the differences between muscle fiber types in energy production. Fasting for 96 h did not alter the weight of the soleus (SOL), a fiber type I muscle, but did significantly reduce the weight of gastrocnemius (GM), a fiber type II muscle. GM, SOL and blood pregnenolone and testosterone levels decreased under fasting, which induced energy deprivation, whereas corticosterone (CORT) levels significantly increased...
October 18, 2023: Steroids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37681443/the-effects-of-branched-chain-amino-acids-on-muscle-protein-synthesis-muscle-protein-breakdown-and-associated-molecular-signalling-responses-in-humans-an-update
#7
REVIEW
Matthew S Kaspy, Sarkis J Hannaian, Zachary W Bell, Tyler A Churchward-Venne
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA: leucine, isoleucine and valine) are three of the nine indispensable amino acids, and are frequently consumed as a dietary supplement by athletes and recreationally active individuals alike. The popularity of BCAA supplements is largely predicated on the notion that they can stimulate rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and suppress rates of muscle protein breakdown (MPB), the combination of which promotes a net anabolic response in skeletal muscle. To date, several studies have shown that BCAA (particularly leucine) increase the phosphorylation status of key proteins within the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway involved in the regulation of translation initiation in human muscle...
September 8, 2023: Nutrition Research Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37473846/branched-chain-amino-acids-promote-thrombocytopoiesis-by-activating-mtor-signaling
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haojie Jiang, Lin Zhang, Mina Yang, Guoming Li, Chen Ding, Min Xin, Jing Dai, Xueqing Sun, Xuemei Fan, Haipeng Sun, Junling Liu, Yanyan Xu
BACKGROUND: Megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production disorders are the main causes of thrombocythemia and thrombocytopenia and lead to thrombosis or hemorrhage. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential nutrients that regulate important metabolic signals. Previous study has suggested that BCAA administration could increase platelet activation and promote the risk of thrombosis. OBJECTIVES: To unveil the role of BCAAs in thrombocytopoiesis. METHODS: BCAA-diet mice and megakaryocyte/platelet-specific branched chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase E1α subunit (BCKDHA)-deficient mice were used to study the role of BCAAs in thrombocytopoiesis...
July 18, 2023: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis: JTH
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37408986/the-contradictory-role-of-branched-chain-amino-acids-in-lifespan-and-insulin-resistance
#9
REVIEW
He Yao, Kai Li, Jie Wei, Yajun Lin, Yinghua Liu
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; a mixture of leucine, valine and isoleucine) have important regulatory effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, protein synthesis and longevity. Many studies have reported that circulating BCAA levels or dietary intake of BCAAs is associated with longevity, sarcopenia, obesity, and diabetes. Among them, the influence of BCAAs on aging and insulin resistance often present different benefits or harmful effects in the elderly and in animals. Considering the nonobvious correlation between circulating BCAA levels and BCAA uptake, as well as the influence of diseases, diet and aging on the body, some of the contradictory conclusions have been drawn...
2023: Frontiers in Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37302544/amino-acid-homeostasis-is-a-target-of-metformin-therapy
#10
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Calum Forteath, Ify Mordi, Raid Nisr, Erika J Gutierrez-Lara, Noor Alqurashi, Iain R Phair, Amy R Cameron, Craig Beall, Ibrahim Bahr, Mohapradeep Mohan, Aaron K F Wong, Adel Dihoum, Anwar Mohammad, Colin N A Palmer, Douglas Lamont, Kei Sakamoto, Benoit Viollet, Marc Foretz, Chim C Lang, Graham Rena
OBJECTIVE: Unexplained changes in regulation of branched chain amino acids (BCAA) during diabetes therapy with metformin have been known for years. Here we have investigated mechanisms underlying this effect. METHODS: We used cellular approaches, including single gene/protein measurements, as well as systems-level proteomics. Findings were then cross-validated with electronic health records and other data from human material. RESULTS: In cell studies, we observed diminished uptake/incorporation of amino acids following metformin treatment of liver cells and cardiac myocytes...
August 2023: Molecular Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37299532/muscle-protein-synthesis-with-a-hybrid-dairy-and-plant-based-protein-blend-p4-is-equal-to-whey-protein-in-a-murine-ageing-model-after-fasting
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francina J Dijk, Zandrie Hofman, Yvette C Luiking, Matthew J W Furber, Justin D Roberts, Ardy van Helvoort, Miriam van Dijk
P4, a specific combination of dairy proteins (whey and casein) and plant-based protein isolates (pea and soy), has been shown to provide a more balanced amino acid (AA) profile than its single constituent proteins; however, less is known about how this translates to muscle protein synthesis (MPS). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of P4 compared to whey or casein against fasted control on MPS. C57BL/6J mice, aged 25 months, were fasted overnight, followed by oral gavage of either whey, P4, casein, or water as a fasted control...
May 30, 2023: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37186279/evaluation-of-pea-rice-and-amylopectin-chromium-as-an-alternative-protein-source-to-improve-muscle-protein-synthesis-in-rats
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oguzhan Ozdemir, Fusun Erten, Besir Er, Cemal Orhan, James R Komorowski, Sarah Sylla, Sara Perez Ojalvo, Kazim Sahin
BACKGROUND: A preclinical study reported that the combination of an amylopectin/chromium complex (ACr) of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) significantly enhanced muscle protein synthesis (MPS). This study was conducted to determine the effects of the addition of ACr complex to a pea/rice (PR) protein on MPS, insulin, muslin levels, and the mTOR pathway in exercised rats. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups: (i) exercise (Ex); (ii) Ex + PR 1:1 blend (0...
April 25, 2023: European Journal of Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37149696/empagliflozin-ameliorates-diabetic-cardiomyopathy-via-regulated-branched-chain-amino-acid-metabolism-and-mtor-p-ulk1-signaling-pathway-mediated-autophagy
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lin Zhang, Heming Zhang, Xiuzhu Xie, Ruping Tie, Xiaolin Shang, Qianqian Zhao, Junjie Xu, Liyuan Jin, Jinying Zhang, Ping Ye
BACKGROUND: Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), has been reported to significantly reduce the risk of heart failure in multiple clinical studies. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the effect of empagliflozin on branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy. METHODS: Thirty male 8-week KK Cg-Ay/J mice were used to study diabetic cardiomyopathy; here, 15 were used as the model group, and the remaining 15 were administered empagliflozin (3...
May 6, 2023: Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37104913/the-effects-of-vitamin-b6-on-the-nutritional-support-of-bcaas-enriched-amino-acids-formula-in-rats-with-partial-gastrectomy
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Wang, Xining Zhao, Yimei Ma, Yuying Yang, Shengjin Ge
BACKGROUND: Total parenteral nutrition with the formula of amino acids enriched branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) could promote patients' recovery after gastrointestinal surgery. Previous studies reported that vitamin B6 could promote amino acid metabolism and enhance protein synthesis. The aim of this study was to determine if the addition of vitamin B6 to BCAAs-enriched formula can enhance postoperative nutritional status and intestinal function in rats undergoing partial gastrectomy, and the appropriate compatibility concentration of vitamin B6...
June 2023: Clinical Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36801448/mitochondrial-pyruvate-carrier-inhibition-initiates-metabolic-crosstalk-to-stimulate-branched-chain-amino-acid-catabolism
#15
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Daniel Ferguson, Sophie J Eichler, Nicole K H Yiew, Jerry R Colca, Kevin Cho, Gary J Patti, Trevor M Shew, Andrew J Lutkewitte, Sandip Mukherjee, Kyle S McCommis, Natalie M Niemi, Brian N Finck
OBJECTIVE: The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) has emerged as a therapeutic target for treating insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We evaluated whether MPC inhibitors (MPCi) might correct impairments in branched chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism, which are predictive of developing diabetes and NASH. METHODS: Circulating BCAA concentrations were measured in people with NASH and type 2 diabetes, who participated in a recent randomized, placebo-controlled Phase IIB clinical trial to test the efficacy and safety of the MPCi MSDC-0602K (EMMINENCE; NCT02784444)...
April 2023: Molecular Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36788689/spinal-muscular-atrophy-treatment-the-mtor-regulatory-intervention
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naser-Aldin Lashgari, Nazanin Momeni Roudsari, Maryam Shayan, Sadaf Eshraghi, Saeideh Momtaz, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari, Amirhossein Sahebkar
mTOR: mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin; SMA: spinal muscular atrophy; IGF-1R: insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor; FOXO3A: Forkhead box class O 3A; eIF4EBP1: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1; Atrogin-1 (FBOX32): atrophy gene-1 (F-box only protein 32); TRAF2: TNF receptor-associated factor 2; p38 (MAPK14): p38 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 14); RRAS2: RAS related 2; ERK (MAPK1): extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1); SBMA: spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; SMN: survival motor neuron; Akt: protein kinase B; MAFbx/atrogin-1: muscle atrophy F-box; MuRF-1: muscle RING-finger protein-1; WT: wild-type; GC-KLF15-BCAA: circadian glucocorticoid-Krüppel-like factor 15-branched-chain amino acid; SBMA: spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; PGC1α: proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 alpha CTRP3: C1q/TNF-related protein 3; SMN: survival motor neuron; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; PTEN: phosphatase and tensin homolog...
February 13, 2023: Current Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36678201/branched-chain-amino-acids-and-di-alanine-supplementation-in-aged-mice-a-translational-study-on-sarcopenia
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paola Mantuano, Brigida Boccanegra, Gianluca Bianchini, Ornella Cappellari, Lisamaura Tulimiero, Elena Conte, Santa Cirmi, Francesca Sanarica, Michela De Bellis, Antonietta Mele, Antonella Liantonio, Marcello Allegretti, Andrea Aramini, Annamaria De Luca
In age-related sarcopenia, the gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass, function and strength is underpinned by an imbalanced rate of protein synthesis/breakdown. Hence, an adequate protein intake is considered a valuable strategy to mitigate sarcopenia. Here, we investigated the effects of a 12-week oral supplementation with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs: leucine, isoleucine, and valine) with recognized anabolic properties, in 17-month-old (AGED) C57BL/6J male mice. BCAAs (2:1:1) were formulated in drinking water, alone or plus two L-Alanine equivalents (2ALA) or dipeptide L-Alanyl-L-Alanine (Di-ALA) to boost BCAAs bioavailability...
January 9, 2023: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36647414/sarcopenia-in-the-cirrhotic-patient-current-knowledge-and-future-directions
#18
REVIEW
Edgewood R Warner Ii, Sanjaya K Satapathy
Cirrhosis predisposes to abnormalities in energy, hormonal, and immunological homeostasis. Disturbances in these metabolic processes create susceptibility to sarcopenia or pathological muscle wasting. Sarcopenia is prevalent in cirrhosis and its presence portends significant adverse outcomes including the length of hospital stay, infectious complications, and mortality. This highlights the importance of identification of at-risk individuals with early nutritional, therapeutic and physical therapy intervention...
2023: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36584912/glutamine-and-leucine-administration-attenuates-muscle-atrophy-in-sepsis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Chen Hou, Jin-Ming Wu, Kuen-Yuan Chen, Ming-Hsun Wu, Po-Jen Yang, Po-Chu Lee, Po-Da Chen, Sung-Ling Yeh, Ming-Tsan Lin
AIMS: This study investigated whether l-glutamine (Gln) and/or l-leucine (Leu) administration could attenuate muscle atrophy in a mouse model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Septic mice were given a daily intraperitoneal injection of Gln, Leu, or Gln plus Leu, and mice were sacrificed on either day 1 or 4 after CLP. Blood and muscles were collected for analysis of amino acid contents and markers related to protein degradation, muscle regeneration, and protein synthesis...
December 27, 2022: Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36433955/ampk-induces-degradation-of-the-transcriptional-repressor-prox1-impairing-branched-amino-acid-metabolism-and-tumourigenesis
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanan Wang, Mengjun Luo, Fan Wang, Yu Tong, Linfeng Li, Yu Shu, Ke Qiao, Lei Zhang, Guoquan Yan, Jing Liu, Hongbin Ji, Youhua Xie, Yonglong Zhang, Wei-Qiang Gao, Yanfeng Liu
Tumour cell metabolic plasticity is essential for tumour progression and therapeutic responses, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identify Prospero-related homeobox 1 (PROX1) as a crucial factor for tumour metabolic plasticity. Notably, PROX1 is reduced by glucose starvation or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and is elevated in liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-deficient tumours. Furthermore, the Ser79 phosphorylation of PROX1 by AMPK enhances the recruitment of CUL4-DDB1 ubiquitin ligase to promote PROX1 degradation...
November 24, 2022: Nature Communications
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