Caloric Test

Dieting is theorized as a risk factor for loss-of-control (LOC)-eating (i.e., feeling a sense of lack of control while eating). Support for this association has largely relied on retrospective self-report data, which does not always correlate with objectively assessed eating behavior in youth. We hypothesized that during a laboratory-based LOC-eating paradigm, children and adolescents who reported current (at the time of the visit) dieting would consume meals consistent with LOC-eating (greater caloric intake, and intake of carbohydrates and fats, but less intake of protein)...

BACKGROUND: Time-restricted eating (TRE) lowers body weight in many studies. Whether TRE induces weight loss independent of reductions in calorie intake, as seen in rodent studies, is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of TRE versus a usual eating pattern (UEP) on body weight in the setting of stable caloric intake. DESIGN: Randomized, isocaloric feeding study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03527368). SETTING: Clinical research unit...

Osteoporosis after bariatric surgery is an increasing health concern as the rate of bariatric surgery has risen. In animal studies mimicking bariatric procedures, bone disease, together with decreased serum levels of Ca2+ , Mg2+ and the gastric hormone Ghrelin were described. Ghrelin regulates metabolism by binding to and activating the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) which is also expressed in the kidney. As calcium and magnesium are key components of bone, we tested the hypothesis that Ghrelin-deficiency contributes to osteoporosis via reduced upregulation of the renal calcium channel TRPV5 and the heteromeric magnesium channel TRPM6/7...

In this study, the characteristics, anaerobic treatability, and energy potential of wastewater samples taken from a dairy products industry were investigated. It was determined that the wastewater has a high organic load (COD = 2800 mg O2 /L) and a large proportion of this load is biodegradable. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) value of wastewater was measured as 1118.71 ± 122 ml CH4 /L. Volatile solids (VS) removal of 67.25 ± 4.98% was achieved during batch tests and the obtained methane yield was calculated as 411...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to offer normative data and age trends of an age-appropriate vestibular test protocol in a large group (n = 140) of school-aged children (6 to 13 years old) as well as to provide a practical and clinical framework for accurate performance and interpretation of vestibular test results in this specific age group. DESIGN: The typically developing participants (mean age of 9.51 ± 2.04 years) were recruited to provide a representative group of 20 children for each of the seven age groups that were composed of children aged from 6 to 13 years in 1-year intervals...

BACKGROUND: Inflammation in adipose tissue, resulting from imbalanced caloric intake and energy expenditure, contributes to the metabolic dysregulation observed in obesity. The production of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, plays a key role in this process. While IL-1β promotes insulin resistance and diabetes, IL-18 regulates energy expenditure and food intake. Previous studies have suggested that caspase-1, activated by the Nlrp3 inflammasome in response to lipid excess, mediates IL-1β production, whereas activated by the Nlrp1b inflammasome in response to energy excess, mediates IL-18 production...

Culinary herbs and spices are primarily known as flavor enhancers, research suggests that black pepper ( Piper nigrum ) and turmeric ( Curcuma longa ) have now been proven to prevent many non-communicable chronic diseases such as diabetes. Bioactive components of black pepper and turmeric ameliorate glucose metabolism and appetite regulation. The present research was designed to investigate the impact of turmeric and black pepper on blood glycemia, gastrointestinal well-being, appetite, and palatability. In a randomized crossover study, four iso-caloric experimental meals each having 50 g of available carbohydrates were subjected to healthy human participants ( N  = 20)...

BACKGROUND: The Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) was developed to be a simple, timely and cost-effective tool to track, simultaneously, nutritional deficiency and non-communicable disease risks from diet in diverse settings. The objective was to investigate the performance of GDQS as an indicator of adequate nutrient intake and dietary quality in a national-representative sample of the Brazilian population. METHODS: Nationally-representative data from 44,744 men and non-pregnant and non-lactating women aging ≥ 10 years, from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey were used...

Mesenchymal/medicinal stem/signaling cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising treatment option for various disorders. However, the donor's age, advanced stage of disease, and prolonged in vitro expansion often diminish the innate regenerative potential of MSCs. Besides that, the absence of MSCs' comprehensive "pre-admission testing" can result in the injection of cells with reduced viability and function, which may negatively affect the overall outcome of MSC-based therapies. It is, therefore, essential to develop effective strategies to improve the impaired biological performance of MSCs...

Background: The vestibular phenotypes of patients with genetic hearing loss are poorly understood. Methods: we performed genetic testing including exome sequencing and vestibular function tests to investigate vestibular phenotypes and functions in patients with genetic hearing loss. Results: Among 627 patients, 143 (22.8%) had vestibular symptoms. Genetic variations were confirmed in 45 (31.5%) of the 143 patients. Nineteen deafness genes were linked with vestibular symptoms; the most frequent genes in autosomal dominant and recessive individuals were COCH and SLC26A4 , respectively...

BACKGROUND: Typical Ménière's disease (MD) rarely occurs in childhood. Compared to adults, age-associated changes in vestibular function can occur during infancy and childhood. Previous case reports may have lacked some audiovestibular tests in children. It is worthwhile to follow a child with MD to observe how vertigo and hearing loss could progress under an insufficient vestibular system. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 14-year-old pediatric patient with disassociated episodes between vertigo and hearing loss was finally diagnosed with MD...

Objective: To explore the efficacy and effective node of short-term personalized vestibular rehabilitation (ST-PVR) in treating acute unilateral vestibulopathy (AUVP). Methods: A randomized controlled trial was carried out. The AUVP patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2022 to March 2023 were selected and randomized to the vestibular rehabilitation (VR) group and control group via computer-generated randomization. Standard care was the medical treatment with betahistine and prednisolone...

Objective: To investigate the altered function of the semicircular canal and otolith graviceptive pathway in patients diagnosed with motion sickness disorder (MSD) based on the diagnostic criteria of the Bárány society, and explore its relevance to the pathogenesis of MSD. Methods: This is a case-control study. Twenty patients with MSD and age-and sex-matched healthy controls without a history of MSD from the Department of Neurology of Aerospace Center Hospital between March and August 2022 were recruited...

Objective: To explore the efficacy of short-term personalized vestibular rehabilitation supervised by special personnel (ST-PVR) versus fixed vestibular rehabilitation (FVR) on decompensated recurrent peripheral vertigo. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was carried out. Patients diagnosed with decompensated recurrent vertigo in the clinic of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University from January to December 2018 were randomly allocated into FVR and ST-PVR groups via computer-generated randomization. The FVR group received fixed scheme involving gaze stabilization exercises, habituation exercises, balance and gait training, while the ST-PVR group received individualized training programs based on symptoms and vestibular function examination results, with adjustments made according to the progress of recovery...

OBJECTIVE: To assess diet quality and its association with body and biochemical parameters in patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). METHODS: Prospective observational study with individuals of both sexes subjected to RYGB. Body composition, biochemical parameters, and diet quality were assessed before and six months after RYGB. Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). Data were analyzed by the paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with a significance level of 5%...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between pressure injury (PI) development and achievement of nutritional goals (protein and caloric), as well as consider the clinical conditions, hospitalisation factors, and risk assessment for PI development in patients who are critically ill and receiving enteral nutrition (EN) in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHOD: An observational cohort study was conducted in the ICU of the University Hospital in São Paulo, Brazil...

OBJECTIVE: Asses the efficacy of a Vestibular-balance rehabilitation program to minimize or reverse balance disability in children with sensorineural hearing loss. METHOD: Forty-five hearing-impaired children with balance deficits (i.e., variable degrees of sensorineural hearing loss or auditory neuropathy). Thirty-five were rehabilitated with cochlear implants, and ten with hearing aids. Their age ranged from 4 to 10 years old. A Pre-rehab evaluation was done using questionnaires, neuromuscular evaluation, vestibular and balance office testing, and vestibular lab testing (using cVEMP and caloric test)...

BACKGROUND: Migraine, vestibular migraine (VM) and tension-type headache (TTH) are the most common disorders in dizziness and headache clinics, associated with dizziness or vertigo and postural imbalance, causing a substantial burden on the individual and the society. The objective of this research was to examine the presence of spontaneous nystagmus, comorbidity of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), and Tumarkin fall in patients; additionally, the study focused on assessing the patients' responses to bithermal caloric irrigation and video head impulse test (vHIT)...

BACKGROUND: Binge drinking, characterized by heavy episodic alcohol consumption, poses significant health hazards and increases the likelihood of developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Given the growing prevalence of this behavior and its negative consequences, there is a need to explore novel therapeutic targets. Accumulating evidence suggests that cholinergic interneurons (CIN) within the shell region of the nucleus accumbens (NAcSh) play a critical role in reward and addiction. However, their specific involvement in binge alcohol administration remains unclear...

Obesity remains a common metabolic disorder and a threat to health as it is associated with numerous complications. Lifestyle modifications and caloric restriction can achieve limited weight loss. Bariatric surgery is an effective way of achieving substantial weight loss as well as glycemic control secondary to weight-related type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been suggested that an anorexigenic gut hormone response following bariatric surgery contributes to weight loss. Understanding the changes in gut hormones and their contribution to weight loss physiology can lead to new therapeutic treatments for weight loss...