keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38146171/pediatric-cluster-headache-case-series-symptomatic-cases-and-the-migraine-relationship
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Spencer W Eberhard, Christopher T Jackman
BACKGROUND: Current criteria help differentiate cluster headache from migraine. However, children may have overlapping features making it difficult to distinguish the 2 conditions, which may delay diagnosis. Differentiating cluster headache from migraine is important regarding treatment as well as diagnostic workup of secondary headache etiologies. METHODS: Cases at a single pediatric children's hospital from 2015 to 2023 diagnosed with cluster headache before the age of 18 years were reviewed...
December 25, 2023: Journal of Child Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38137014/uncovering-the-genetics-and-physiology-behind-optic-neuritis
#22
REVIEW
Ilaria Del Negro, Giada Pauletto, Lorenzo Verriello, Leopoldo Spadea, Carlo Salati, Tamara Ius, Marco Zeppieri
Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory condition affecting the optic nerve, leading to vision impairment and potential vision loss. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current understanding of ON, including its definition, epidemiology, physiology, genetics, molecular pathways, therapy, ongoing clinical studies, and future perspectives. ON is characterized by inflammation of the optic nerve, often resulting from an autoimmune response. Epidemiological studies have shown a higher incidence in females and an association with certain genetic factors...
December 9, 2023: Genes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38134369/serum-biomarker-profiles-discriminate-aqp4-seropositive-and-double-seronegative-neuromyelitis-optica-spectrum-disorder
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Carta, Alessandro Dinoto, Marco Capobianco, Paola Valentino, Francesca Montarolo, Arianna Sala, Markus Reindl, Marianna Lo Re, Vanessa Chiodega, Pierre Branger, Bertrand Audoin, Jennifer Aboab, Caroline Papeix, Nicolas Collongues, Philippe Kerschen, Helene Zephir, Alain Créange, Bertrand Bourre, Kathrin Schanda, Eoin P Flanagan, Vyanka Redenbaugh, Javier Villacieros-Álvarez, Georgina Arrambide, Alvaro Cobo-Calvo, Sergio Ferrari, Romain Marignier, Sara Mariotto
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) serum levels are useful to define disease activity in different neurologic conditions. These biomarkers are increased in patients with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive NMOSD (AQP4+NMOSD) during clinical attacks suggesting a concomitant axonal and glial damage. However, there are contradictory results in double seronegative NMOSD (DS-NMOSD). The aim of this study was to characterize the neuronal, axonal, and glial damage of DS-NMOSD in comparison with AQP4+NMOSD...
January 2024: Neurology® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38133944/colombian-ocular-inflammatory-diseases-epidemiology-study-coides-optic-neuritis-incidence-between-2015-2020
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Camilo Andrés Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Carlos Cifuentes-González, Germán Mejía-Salgado, Juan Manuel Garzón-Dangond, Angie Vanessa Verbel-Yaneth, Sofia Machado-Galindo, Danna Lesley Cruz-Reyes, Alejandra de-la-Torre
PURPOSE: To estimate the incidence of Optic Neuritis (ON) in Colombia using data from the national health registry between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020. METHODS: A population-based study was conducted using the Integrated Social Protection Information System from the Colombian Ministry of Health and the International Classification of Diseases-10 code for ON to estimate the incidence of ON from 2015 to 2020. We also evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the epidemiology of the disease in 2020...
December 22, 2023: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38132210/presumed-onchocerciasis-chorioretinitis-spilling-over-into-north-america-europe-and-middle-east
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmad Mansour, Linnet Rodriguez, Hana Mansour, Madeleine Yehia, Maurizio Battaglia Parodi
BACKGROUND: Newer generation ophthalmologists practicing in the developed world are not very familiar with some tropical ocular diseases due to the absence of reports in the ophthalmic literature over the past thirty years. Because of world globalization or due to influx of immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa, exotic retinal diseases are being encountered more often in ophthalmology clinics. METHODS: A multicenter case series of chorioretinitis or optic neuritis with obscure etiology that used serial multimodal imaging...
December 8, 2023: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38096730/optic-neuritis-in-turkish-children-and-adolescents-a-multicenter-retrospective-study
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meltem Çobanoğulları Direk, Şeyda Besen, İbrahim Öncel, Ceren Günbey, Orhan Özdoğan, Leman Tekin Orgun, Sevim Sahin, Ali Cansu, Nihal Yıldız, Seda Kanmaz, Sanem Yılmaz, Hasan Tekgül, Dilşad Türkdoğan, Olcay Ünver, Gülten Öztürk Thomas, Salih Başıbüyük, Deniz Yılmaz, Ayşegül Neşe Kurt, Pembe Gültutan, Özlem Özsoy, Uluç Yiş, Semra Hız Kurul, Serdal Güngör, Bilge Özgör, Meral Karadağ, Nihal Olgaç Dündar, Pınar Gençpınar, Olgay Bildik, Sibğatullah Ali Orak, Çişil Çerçi Kabur, Bülent Kara, Ömer Karaca, Mehmet Canpolat, Hakan Gümüş, Hüseyin Per, Ünsal Yılmaz, Pakize Karaoğlu, Özlem Ersoy, Ayşe Tosun, Semra Büyükkorkmaz Öztürk, Deniz Yüksel, Ergin Atasoy, Kıvılcım Gücüyener, Miraç Yıldırım, Ömer Bektaş, Dilek Çavuşoğlu, Çoşkun Yarar, Olcay Güngör, Gülen Gül Mert, Esra Sarıgeçili, Selvinaz Edizer, İpek Dokurel Çetin, Seren Aydın, Betül Diler, Asena Ayça Özdemir, İlknur Erol, Çetin Okuyaz, Banu Anlar
BACKGROUND: Various etiologies may underlie optic neuritis, including autoantibody-mediated disorders described in the last decade. We re-examined demographic, clinical, laboratory features and prognostic factors in pediatric patients with autoimmune optic neuritis according to current knowledge. METHODS: Cases of pediatric ON from 27 centers in Türkiye diagnosed between 2009 and 2022 were included for retrospective evaluation. RESULTS: The study included 279 patients, 174 females and 105 males, with a female-to-male ratio of 1...
November 26, 2023: Multiple Sclerosis and related Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38096032/the-patient-s-clinical-profile-from-a-neuro-ophthalmology-center-in-brazil-a-retrospective-study
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luciano M Simao, Ava Cristina V de Almeida, Marcos Tulio S A Viana, Marcela A M Vanazzi, Thais N Andrade, Ana Flávia A O Oliveira, Monise Q Hermes, Denise B A Mendanha
BACKGROUND: Neuro-ophthalmology (NO) is a subspeciality of Ophthalmology, which represents more than an intersection of Neurology and Ophthalmology. The present report highlights the increasing importance of the subspeciality in Brazil and provides a unique retrospective study of the patient's clinical profile of a NO reference center. METHODS: Our study was retrospectively planned aiming to identify all neuro-ophthalmic cases of Instituto de Olhos of the Medical School Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais from August 2013 to March 2022...
December 14, 2023: Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology: the Official Journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37958968/beyond-myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein-and-aquaporin-4-antibodies-alternative-causes-of-optic-neuritis
#28
REVIEW
Giacomo Greco, Elena Colombo, Matteo Gastaldi, Lara Ahmad, Eleonora Tavazzi, Roberto Bergamaschi, Eleonora Rigoni
Optic neuritis (ON) is the most common cause of vision loss in young adults. It manifests as acute or subacute vision loss, often accompanied by retrobulbar discomfort or pain during eye movements. Typical ON is associated with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and is generally mild and steroid-responsive. Atypical forms are characterized by unusual features, such as prominent optic disc edema, poor treatment response, and bilateral involvement, and they are often associated with autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) or Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)...
November 5, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37897492/clinical-characteristics-of-patient-with-gfap-igg-a-review-of-31-patients-from-two-tertiary-referral-centers-in-china
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiang Liu, Xiao Yang, Jingzi Zhang Bao, Boya Ma, Xiaoyan Niu, Xu Wang, Qing Zhang, Chao Quan
OBJECTIVE: This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the clinical characteristics of 31 patients exhibiting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or serum positivity for GFAP-IgG, with a specific emphasis on 24 cases demonstrating only GFAP-IgG positivity. The investigation thoroughly evaluates their clinical, radiological, and laboratory features, as well as treatment responses, with the objective of offering clinicians potential diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. METHODS: A total of 31 patients with GFAP-IgG in the CSF and/or serum were registered between August 2016 and August 2021 at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University and Huashan Hospital of Fudan University...
October 28, 2023: International Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37869266/metastatic-squamous-cell-carcinoma-masquerading-as-acute-retinal-necrosis
#30
Effie Z Rahman, Pooja Shah, Rajiv Shah
PURPOSE: To describe a case of retinal and optic nerve metastases masquerading as acute retinal necrosis secondary to primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. OBSERVATIONS: A 66-year-old male with a history of Stage IV lung cancer, actively on chemotherapy, presented with right eye vision loss, an afferent pupillary defect, and partial visual field deficiencies. Exam revealed vitritis, macula-involving infiltrative retinitis, optic neuritis, and vasculitis of the right eye...
December 2023: American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37844788/co-assessment-of-oct-a-and-choroidal-vascularity-index-data-in-multiple-sclerosis-patients
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali Mesen, Selma Mesen, Abdullah Beyoglu, Yılmaz Inanc
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) findings and choroidal vascular index (CVI) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: 113 patients, including multiple sclerosis patients with optic neuritis attack (MSON+) and no optic neuritis attack (MSON-) and healthy control group (HCG), participated in this cross-sectional study. OCT-A images of all patients were taken and CVI was calculated. RESULTS: Superior flow (SF), deep flow (DF), foveal, and parafoveal superior vascular density (sVD) were decreased in the MSON+ group compared to HCG (p<0...
October 14, 2023: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37796076/-combination-of-post-infectious-optic-neuritis-and-guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G E Sheiko, A N Belova, E M Rakhmanova, A N Boyko
The coexistence of optic neuritis and Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare combination of neurological diseases. The trigger of an autoimmune inflammatory process is often a respiratory mycoplasma infection. Ignorance of such combination can lead to diagnostic and therapy mistakes. This article describes the case of a rare combination of overlapping optic neuritis and Guillain-Barré syndrome, associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae and provides the short literature review. Further studies are required to identify common pathogenetic mechanisms of combined inflammatory lesions of the optic nerves and peripheral nervous system...
2023: Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37775645/restoration-of-vision-by-combined-experimental-antithymocyte-therapy-and-orbital-radiation-with-high-dose-steroids-for-severe-acute-steroid-refractory-congestive-thyroid-orbitopathy
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Monika Sarnat-Kucharczyk, Dorota Pojda-Wilczek, Maria Świerkot, Grażyna Kulawik, Ewa Mrukwa-Kominek
PURPOSE: We report diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas in the difficult case of compressive optic neuropathy with severe visual acuity and visual field loss with subsequent visual recovery in both eyes, in a patient with Graves' orbitopathy (GO) by a combination of experimental antithymocyte therapy, orbital radiotherapy with high-dose steroids. METHODS: A 72-year-old man presented with severe vision loss in both eyes. The visual symptoms had appeared over a year before the GO diagnosis...
September 29, 2023: Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37744325/basic-csf-parameters-and-mrz-reaction-help-in-differentiating-mog-antibody-associated-autoimmune-disease-versus-multiple-sclerosis
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin Vlad, Ina Reichen, Stephan Neidhart, Marc Hilty, Dimitra Lekaditi, Christine Heuer, Amanda Eisele, Mario Ziegler, Markus Reindl, Andreas Lutterotti, Axel Regeniter, Ilijas Jelcic
BACKGROUND: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated autoimmune disease (MOGAD) is a rare monophasic or relapsing inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and can mimic multiple sclerosis (MS). The variable availability of live cell-based MOG-antibody assays and difficulties in interpreting low-positive antibody titers can complicate diagnosis. Literature on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles in MOGAD versus MS, one of the most common differential diagnoses, is scarce...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37705973/glial-autoantibody-prevalence-in-chinese-optic-neuritis-with-onset-after-age-45-clinical-factors-for-diagnosis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Honglu Song, Yucai Chuai, Mo Yang, Huanfen Zhou, Mingming Sun, Quangang Xu, Shihui Wei
PURPOSE: As glial autoantibody testing is not yet available in some areas of the world, an alternative approach is to use clinical indicators to predict which subtypes of middle-aged and elderly-onset optic neuritis (ON) have manifested. METHOD: This study was a single-center hospital-based retrospective cohort study. Middle-aged and elderly-onset ON patients (age > 45 years) who had experienced the first episode of ON were included in this cohort. Single- and multi-parametric diagnostic factors for middle-aged and elderly-onset myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin-associated ON (MOG-ON) and aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin-related ON (AQP4-ON) were calculated...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37686172/pathogenesis-clinical-features-and-treatment-of-patients-with-myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein-mog-autoantibody-associated-disorders-focusing-on-optic-neuritis-with-consideration-of-autoantibody-binding-sites-a-review
#36
REVIEW
Keiko Tanaka, Takeshi Kezuka, Hitoshi Ishikawa, Masami Tanaka, Kenji Sakimura, Manabu Abe, Meiko Kawamura
Although there is a substantial amount of data on the clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and pathogenesis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) autoantibody-associated disease (MOGAD), there is still uncertainty regarding the MOG protein function and the pathogenicity of anti-MOG autoantibodies in this disease. It is important to note that the disease characteristics, immunopathology, and treatment response of MOGAD patients differ from those of anti-aquaporin 4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) and multiple sclerosis (MS)...
August 29, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37668695/high-diagnostic-accuracy-of-t2flair-at-3-t-in-the-detection-of-optic-nerve-head-edema-in-acute-optic-neuritis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natalia Shor, Cedric Lamirel, Sana Rebbah, Catherine Vignal, Vivien Vasseur, Julien Savatovsky, Marine Boudot de la Motte, Olivier Gout, Augustin Lecler, Rabih Hage, Romain Deschamps
OBJECTIVES: Optic nerve head edema (ONHE) detected by fundoscopy is observed in one-third of patients presenting optic neuritis (ON). While ONHE is an important semiological feature, the correlation between ONHE and optic nerve head MRI abnormalities (ONHMA), sometimes called "optic nerve head swelling," remains unknown. Our study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI sequence in detecting ONHE in patients with acute ON. METHODS: In the present single-center study, data were extracted from two prospective cohort studies that consecutively included adults with a first episode of acute ON treated between 2015 and 2020...
September 5, 2023: European Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37663711/juvenile-multiple-sclerosis-addressing-epidemiology-diagnosis-therapeutic-and-prognostic-updates-along-with-cognitive-dysfunction-and-quality-of-life
#38
REVIEW
Priyadarshi Prajjwal, Marsool M D M, Balaganesh Natarajan, Pugazhendi Inban, Srikanth Gadam, Dommaraju Sowndarya, Jobby John, Rahim Abbas, HariOm Vaja, Marsool A D M, Omniat Amir Hussin
Juvenile multiple sclerosis (JMS) is a rare but significant subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS) that affects a small percentage of patients under the age of 10 and 3-5% of all MS patients. Despite its rarity, JMS poses unique challenges in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and management, as it can significantly impact a child or adolescent's physical, cognitive, and emotional development. JMS presents with a varying spectrum of signs and symptoms such as coordination difficulties and permanent cognitive dysfunctions and may include atypical clinical features such as seizures, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and optic neuritis, making diagnostic evaluations challenging...
September 2023: Annals of Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37656135/combining-retinal-structural-and-vascular-measurements-improves-discriminative-power-for-multiple-sclerosis-patients
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mihai Bostan, Chi Li, Yin Ci Sim, Inna Bujor, Damon Wong, Bingyao Tan, Munirah Binte Ismail, Gerhard Garhöfer, Cristina Tiu, Ruxandra Pirvulescu, Leopold Schmetterer, Alina Popa-Cherecheanu, Jacqueline Chua
Data on how retinal structural and vascular parameters jointly influence the diagnostic performance of detection of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients without optic neuritis (MSNON) are lacking. To investigate the diagnostic performance of structural and vascular changes to detect MSNON from controls, we performed a cross-sectional study of 76 eyes from 51 MS participants and 117 eyes from 71 healthy controls. Retinal macular ganglion cell complex (GCC), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses, and capillary densities from the superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP) were obtained from the Cirrus AngioPlex...
September 1, 2023: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37603930/chloride-intracellular-channel-protein-1-clic1-antibody-in-multiple-sclerosis-patients-with-predominant-optic-nerve-and-spinal-cord-involvement
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zerrin Karaaslan, Büşra Şengül-Yediel, Hande Yüceer-Korkmaz, Elif Şanlı, Duygu Gezen-Ak, Erdinç Dursun, Özlem Timirci-Kahraman, Ahmet Tarık Baykal, Vuslat Yılmaz, Recai Türkoğlu, Murat Kürtüncü, Tuncay Gündüz, Yasemin Gürsoy-Özdemir, Erdem Tüzün, Cem İsmail Küçükali
INTRODUCTION: Antibodies to cell surface proteins of astrocytes have been described in chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorders (CIDD) of the central nervous system including multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Our aim was to identify novel anti-astrocyte autoantibodies in relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) patients presenting predominantly with spinal cord and optic nerve attacks (MS-SCON). METHODS: Sera of 29 MS-SCON patients and 36 healthy controls were screened with indirect immunofluorescence to identify IgG reacting with human astrocyte cultures...
August 13, 2023: Multiple Sclerosis and related Disorders
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