General Psychiatry

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence attests to the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), but their effectiveness for healthcare workers remains uncertain. AIMS: To evaluate the evidence for MBIs in improving healthcare workers' psychological well-being. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted on Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to 31 August 2022 using the keywords 'healthcare worker', 'doctor', 'nurse', 'allied health', 'mindfulness', 'wellness', 'workshop' and 'program'...

BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence suggesting that osteoporosis might exacerbate depressive symptoms, while more studies demonstrate that depression negatively affects bone density and increases fracture risk. AIMS: To explore the relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and fracture risk. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control analysis (32 670 patients with fracture and 397 017 individuals without fracture) and a matched cohort analysis (16 496 patients with MDD and 435 492 individuals without MDD) in the same prospective UK Biobank data set...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The presence of mental health conditions is pervasive in patients who experienced acute myocardial infarction (AMI), significantly disrupting their recovery. Providing timely and easily accessible psychological interventions using virtual reality-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (VR-CBT) could potentially improve both acute and long-term symptoms affecting their mental health. AIMS: We aim to examine the effectiveness of VR-CBT on anxiety symptoms in patients with AMI who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) during the acute stage of their illness...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment often interact, rendering their associations controversial. To date, their joint trajectories and associations with dementia and death remain underexplored. AIMS: To explore the interactions between depressive symptoms and cognitive function, their developmental trajectories and the associations with all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and all-cause death in older adults. METHODS: Data were from the Health and Retirement Study...

BACKGROUND: Elevated platelet count (PLTc) is associated with first-episode schizophrenia and adverse outcomes in individuals with precursory psychosis. However, the impact of antipsychotic medications on PLTc and its association with symptom improvement remain unclear. AIMS: We aimed to investigate changes in PLTc levels following antipsychotic treatment and assess whether PLTc can predict antipsychotic responses and metabolic changes after accounting for other related variables...

BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric problems, affecting approximately 1 in 12 children and 1 in 4 adolescents. Understanding the incidence, burden and correlated risks of anxiety disorders among children and adolescents can help identify areas of success, stagnation and emerging threats, thereby facilitating effective improvement strategies. AIMS: To estimate the incidence and burden trends of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries and compare the incidence and disease burden in different countries...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The co-occurrence of depression and anxiety among adolescents is typically associated with suicide ideation. AIMS: The study aimed to investigate the symptom-level relationship between suicide ideation and the comorbidity of depression and anxiety. METHODS: 1501 adolescents aged 12-19 years were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and 716 adolescents who scored ≥5 on both scales were selected as participants...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative sleep disturbance (PSD) is a common and serious postoperative complication and is associated with poor postoperative outcomes. AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on PSD in older patients undergoing lower limb major arthroplasty. METHODS: In this prospective, double-blind, pilot, randomised, sham-controlled trial, patients 65 years and over undergoing lower limb major arthroplasty were randomly assigned to receive active tDCS (a-tDCS) or sham tDCS (s-tDCS)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder affecting individuals globally, emphasising the significance of personal recovery in mental healthcare. Understanding the recovery stages and the associated factors can provide essential insights for targeted interventions. AIMS: This study aimed to discern the stages of personal recovery in Thai patients with schizophrenia and elucidate the associated factors with each stage. METHODS: A multistage sampling technique was employed, selecting 231 patients with schizophrenia from mental health outpatient departments of general and psychiatric hospitals...

BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbance is a common comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, network homogeneity (NH) changes of the default mode network (DMN) in MDD with sleep disturbances are unclear. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to probe the abnormal NH in the DMN in MDD with sleep disturbances and to reveal the differences between MDD with or without sleep disturbances. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with MDD and sleep disturbances (Pa_s), 33 patients with MDD without sleep disturbances (Pa_ns) and 32 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in this study...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: The alexithymia trait is of high clinical interest. The Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ) was recently developed to enable detailed facet-level and valence-specific assessments of alexithymia. AIMS: In this paper, we introduce the first Chinese version of the PAQ and examine its psychometric properties and clinical applications. METHODS: In Study 1, the PAQ was administered to 990 Chinese participants. We examined its factor structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, as well as convergent, concurrent and discriminant validity...