journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265439/the-contribution-of-the-socio-demographic-characteristics-on-suicidal-ideation-among-israeli-soldiers
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leah Shelef, Evyatar Ayzen, Nirit Yavnai, Eyal Fruchter, Orly Sarid
BACKGROUND: Suicidal ideation is a risk factor for suicide attempt. The aim of the present study is to compare suicidal ideation of different groups with different distress. METHODS: 100 soldiers, aged 18-21, divided into four research cohorts: soldiers who had carried out a suicide attempt (n = 40); soldiers with a psychiatric diagnosis (n = 20); soldiers having high severity adjustment difficulties (n = 20); and a control group of soldiers, having neither a history of mental health diagnosis, nor adjustment difficulties (n = 20)...
2016: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265438/effective-medical-leadership-in-times-of-emergency-a-perspective
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oded Hershkovich, David Gilad, Eyal Zimlichman, Yitshak Kreiss
Leadership, and more specifically medical leadership, is an unmeasured potential that has the power to influence every aspect of a person's professional life and its challenges and is more evident in times of emergency. Medical leadership is receiving increasing recognition especially in discussing actions to be taken in times of stress and emergency. We propose a comprehensive conceptual model that examines the elements that build successful medical leadership, especially during emergency scenarios. The model is based on two sets of medical leadership capabilities and skills, while the first set is more relevant to everyday challenges, the second set represents abilities and characteristics that arise mostly during emergencies...
2016: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265437/impact-of-adding-a-filter-for-protection-from-toxic-inhalational-compounds-to-the-ventilation-circuit-of-mechanically-ventilated-patients
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eliezer Be'eri, Simon Owen, Mark Shachar, Yaron Barlavie, Arik Eisenkraft
BACKGROUND: Standard-issue Chemical-Biological-Radio-Nuclear (CBRN) gasmasks, as used for protection from non-conventional warfare agents or toxic industrial compounds, cannot be used by ventilated patients, leaving them exposed to toxic agents inhaled via their ventilators. This study was conducted to determine the safety of a CBRN filter added to the patient circuit of a ventilator, as a method for affording inhalational protection to ventilated patients. METHODS: A Landrace pig was ventilated sequentially with 3 types of ventilators according to 17 different ventilation protocols, with and without a CBRN filters added in-line to the ventilation tubing for each protocol...
2016: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265436/evaluating-emergency-preparedness-and-impact-of-a-hurricane-sandy-in-pediatric-patients-with-diabetes
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rubina Heptulla, Rebecca Hashim, Doreen Newell Johnson, Jeniece Trast Ilkowitz, Gina DiNapoli, Venkat Renukuntla, Jennifer Sivitz
BACKGROUND: Natural disasters have always been associated with significant adverse events including medical and mental health problems. Children with chronic disease such has diabetes have also been believed to be affected to a greater extent by any natural disaster. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare emergency preparedness post-disaster and post-traumatic stress effects of Hurricane Sandy in affected and relatively unaffected populations. METHODS: The study was conducted between February and July 2013...
2016: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265435/glycemic-control-of-diabetes-patients-under-continuous-rocket-attacks
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Varda Soskolne, Rachel Dekel, Shlomo Vinker
BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the detrimental effects of exposure to stress on glycemic control among diabetes patients has mainly focused on personal life events or acute trauma. However, the effects of continuous exposure to extreme stress on type 2 diabetes patients have rarely been studied. The aim of the current study was to examine the association of continuous exposure to rocket attacks with glycemic control and with risk factors for diabetes complications among civilian type 2 diabetes patients...
2016: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265434/case-study-of-medical-evacuation-before-and-after-the-fukushima-daiichi-nuclear-power-plant-accident-in-the-great-east-japan-earthquake
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tetsu Okumura, Shinichi Tokuno
INTRODUCTION: In Japan, participants in the disaster-specific medical transportation system have received ongoing training since 2002, incorporating lessons learned from the Great Hanshin Earthquake. The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred on March 11, 2011, and the very first disaster-specific medical transport was performed. This article reviews in detail the central government's control and coordination of the disaster medical transportation process following the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265433/return-to-duty-play-after-exertional-heat-injury-do-we-have-all-the-answers-a-lesson-from-two-case-studies
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Itay Ketko, Amit Druyan, Ran Yanovich, Yoram Epstein, Yuval Heled
BACKGROUND: The common practice in the Israel defense Forces is that exertional heat related injury patients undergo a heat tolerance test 6-8 weeks post event as part of the "return to duty" process. In the case of a positive heat tolerance test the individual is classified as heat intolerant, in some cases however, the thermoregulatory recovery may be longer (several months), and therefore a second heat tolerance test is scheduled 6-8 weeks later. The presented case reports emphasize the possibility of different recovery periods of the thermoregulatory center and the distinction between congenital and acquired physiological heat intolerance...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265432/mental-health-and-psychological-impacts-from-the-2011-great-east-japan-earthquake-disaster-a-systematic-literature-review
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nahoko Harada, Jun Shigemura, Masaaki Tanichi, Kyoko Kawaida, Satomi Takahashi, Fumiko Yasukata
BACKGROUND: On March 11, 2011, Japan experienced an unprecedented combination of earthquake/tsunami/nuclear accidents (the Great East Japan Earthquake; GEJE). We sought to identify mental health and psychosocial consequences of this compound disaster. METHOD: A systematic literature review was conducted of quantitative research articles addressing mental health of survivors and the psychological impact of the GEJE. For articles between March 2011 and December 2014, PubMed, PsychINFO, and EMBASE databases were searched with guidance on literature review method...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265431/a-military-suicide-prevention-program-in-the-israeli-defense-force-a-review-of-an-important-military-medical-procedure
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leah Shelef, Lucian Laur, Gil Raviv, Eyal Fruchter
The phenomenon of suicide during military service is not unique to the Israeli military and other armies. Soldiers' age--adolescence--is a known factor contributing to suicide, in light of psychological processes of identity formation and self-definition, the stresses of military service, and above all, the availability of weapons. The stigma of seeking help deters some soldiers from getting the assistance they need when they need it most, thus contributing to the higher suicide rate. In the previous decade the IDF initiated intensive and structured preventive procedures aimed at reducing suicide rate among soldiers...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265430/post-cold-war-united-nations-peacekeeping-operations-a-review-of-the-case-for-a-hybrid-level-2-medical-treatment-facility
#30
REVIEW
Ralph Jay Johnson
Post-Cold War, UN peacekeeping operations (UN PKOs) have become larger, more mobile, multi-faceted and conducted over vast areas of remote, rugged, and harsh geography. They have been increasingly involved in dangerous areas with ill-defined boundaries, simmering internecine armed conflict, and disregard on the part of some local parties for peacekeepers' security and role. Yet progressively there have been expectations of financial restraint and austerity. Additionally, UN PKOs have become more "robust," that is, engaged in preemptive, assertive operations...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265429/secular-trends-in-1-192-diarrheal-outbreaks-in-the-israel-defence-forces-between-1988-2011
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sharon Elazar, Yifat Zelikovich, Hagai Levine, Anat Tzurel-Ferber, Inbal Galor, Michael Hartal
BACKGROUND: In the military, outbreaks of infectious diarrhea pose a significant health problem. In this descriptive analysis of data collected by the IDF on all infectious diarrhea outbreaks between 1988-2011, we analysed temporal, seasonal, and unit-type trends in 1,192 diarrheal outbreaks in the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) over a 24-year period, and described the long-term trends in seasonality and the effects of strategic preventive measures on outbreak frequency among populations at risk...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265428/case-report-a-brain-abscess-in-a-disaster-zone-beyond-the-call-of-duty
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giora Weiser, Joseph Mendlovic, David Dagan, Dov Albukrek, Manor Shpriz, Ofer Merin
We present a case of a child with a suspected brain abscess treated by a military field hospital in post-typhoon Philippines. We review our intervention and decision process both at the field hospital and following his transfer to a referral center. These interventions were critical for his successful outcome.
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265427/clinical-and-public-health-management-of-conjunctivitis-in-the-israel-defense-forces
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Orly Efros, Alon Zahavi, Hagai Levine, Michael Hartal
Acute conjunctivitis is a common diagnosis in the general population, and is especially prevalent among military personnel. Conjunctivitis patients are often contagious, and outbreaks of this infectious condition can cause significant morbidity and may jeopardize military readiness. Early recognition and effective management can prevent additional cases in military units. In this article we review the clinical guidelines and public health policy of the Israel Defense Forces for the management of this important medical condition...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265426/dimensions-of-operational-stress-and-forms-of-unacceptable-risk-taking-with-small-arms-and-munitions
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Uzi Ben-Shalom
BACKGROUND: Accidents with small arms and munitions during deployment is a significant safety concern for leaders and safety specialists in combat units. Operational stress may lead to forms of unacceptable risk taking with small arms that may underlie some of these accidents. The present research studied the correlation between two dimensions of operational stress, two forms of risk taking with small arms among combat unit soldiers and possible mediators. The dimensions of operational threat, negative affect and personality profile from the EPQ-R-S were predictors; "exaggerated preparedness" and "risky games with small arms and munitions" were dependent variables; safety climate of the platoon served as a mediator variable...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265425/characteristics-of-the-suicidal-soldier-in-the-israeli-defense-force-a-review-of-literature
#35
REVIEW
Leah Shelef, Lucian Laur, Eyal Fruchter
Suicide is the third leading cause of death among adolescents in most Western world countries. Similar findings have been reported among adolescents in Israel (including the Israeli army) in times of peace; nonetheless, suicide rate has decreased significantly in recent years. In Israel, IDF service is mandatory and adolescents are obligated to serve by law. Therefore, the IDF is responsible under state and moral law to care for the physical and mental health of its soldiers. Additionally, there is an understanding that the Israeli soldiers represent a mentally healthy population as prior to their enlistment they undergo a series of tests and evaluations to determine their suitability for service...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265424/naval-casualty-management-training-using-human-patient-simulators
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Itamar Netzer, Aviram Weiss, David Hoppenstein
BACKGROUND: Extended-evacuation or austere environments (e.g. naval , immature or depleted combat zones) are characterized by the lack of resources to facilitate medical evacuation in the "Golden Hour" from moment of injury. This may require the primary caregiver, often a relatively inexperienced general physician or EMT, to administer extended medical care in the field. We describe the Shipboard and Underwater Casualty Care and Sedation Simulation (SUCCeSS) program in the Israeli Navy, intended to train caregivers for extended prehospital intensive casualty care using high fidelity life-size simulation mannequins set up onboard corvettes or submarines during maneuvers, in maximally realistic conditions...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265423/pre-hospital-intra-osseous-freeze-dried-plasma-transfusion-a-case-report
#37
Misgav Rottenstreich, Itzik Malka, Elon Glassberg, Oren Schwartz, Bader Tarif
BACKGROUND: Hemorrhage and coagulopathy are among the leading causes of death in combat and are considered the leading causes of preventable deaths. Plasma, in the form of Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) is considered a key component in the Damage Control Resuscitation performed within hospitals. Freeze-Dried Plasma (FDP) can be stored at room temperature and therefore is potentially useful in pre-hospital conditions. Our case report join to few cases where FDP was administered at the point of injury...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265422/happiness-amongst-israel-defense-force-idf-mental-health-officers-mho-s
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Assaf Shelef, Calanit Zdaka, Yoram Barak
BACKGROUND: Positive psychology is the scientific study of positive experiences and positive individual traits. Happy people have a better quality of life and other benefits, including better health. The Mental Health Department of the IDF employs a large cadre of Mental Health Officers (MHO's). The rate of burnout among MHO's is considered to be high. Career satisfaction has received attention recently with publications dealing with the growing discontent of healthcare system workers...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265421/physiological-and-cognitive-military-related-performances-after-10-kilometer-march
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ran Yanovich, Amir Hadid, Tomer Erlich, Daniel S Moran, Yuval Heled
BACKGROUND: Prior operational activities such as marching in diverse environments, with heavy backloads may cause early fatigue and reduce the unit's readiness. The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the effect of 10-kilometer (km) march on selected, military oriented, physiological and cognitive performances. Eight healthy young males (age 25 ± 3 years) performed a series of cognitive and physiological tests, first without any prior physiological strain and then after a 10 km march in comfort laboratory conditions (24°C, 50%RH) consisting a 5 km/h speed and 2-6% incline with backload weighing 30% of their body weight...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28265420/preparation-of-medical-personnel-for-an-early-response-humanitarian-mission-lessons-learned-from-the-israeli-defense-forces-field-hospital-in-the-philippines
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomer Erlich, Avi Shina, David Segal, Tal Marom, David Dagan, Elon Glassberg
INTRODUCTION: Humanitarian aid provision and early medical response missions to areas ravaged by natural disasters are as essential nowadays as in the past, and medical personnel play a pivotal role in these delegations. CASE DESCRIPTION: In November 2013, tropical cyclone Haiyan (Yolanda) slammed the Philippines archipelago, leaving more than an estimated 6000 dead in its wake while demolishing vital infrastructure and affecting the life of an estimated 25 million locals...
2015: Disaster and Military Medicine
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