Journal of Biomedical Physics & Engineering

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer requires evaluating treatment plans using dosimetric and biological parameters. Considering radiation dose distribution and tissue response, healthcare professionals can optimize treatment plans for better outcomes. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the different Dose Calculation Algorithms (DCAs) and Biologically Model-Related Parameters (BMRPs) on the prediction of cardiopulmonary complications due to left breast radiotherapy...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

This study presents a mechanical model of a novel medical device designed to optimize the osseointegration process in upper and lower limb amputees, leading to the promotion of optimal rehabilitation. The medical device is developed to reduce the risk of implant failure, leading to re-amputation above the implant. The proposed model serves several purposes: 1) to guide the osseointegration process by providing electrical endo-stimulation directly to the bone-implant contact site, using an invasive electrical stimulation system, which is implanted in the bone permanently, 2) to locally transmit stem cells after implantation, without the need for opening the skin or perforating the bone, which is particularly useful for regenerative medicine after partial healing of the implant, 3) to transmit necessary nutrients from the bone, also without opening the skin or puncturing the bone, and 4) to combat infections by locally administering drugs after implantation...

BACKGROUND: Treatment response in High-grade Glioma (HGG) patients changes based on their genetic and biological characteristics. MiRNAs, as important regulators of drug and radiation resistance, and the Apparent Diffusion Coefficients (ADC) value of tumor can be used as a prognostic predictor for glioma. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify some of the pre-treatment individual patient features for predicting the treatment response in HGG patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this prospective study, 18 HGG patients, who were candidated for chemo-radiation treatment, participated after informed consent of the patients...

BACKGROUND: Gliomas, as Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors, are greatly common with 80% of malignancy. Treatment methods for gliomas, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy depend on the grade, size, location, and the patient's age. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to quantify glioma based on the radiomics analysis and classify its grade into High-grade Glioma (HGG) or Low-grade Glioma (LGG) by various machine-learning methods using contrast-enhanced brain Computerized Tomography (CT) scans...

BACKGROUND: Docetaxel (DXL) is an antineoplastic agent for cancer treatment, the therapeutic efficiency of which is limited due to low solubility, hydrophobicity, and tissue specificity. OBJECTIVE: In this study, nano-niosomes were introduced for improving therapeutic index of DXL. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this experimental study, two nano-niosomes were synthesized using Span 20® and Span 80® and a thin film hydration method with DXL loading (DXL-Span20 and DXL-Span80)...

BACKGROUND: The intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) model extracts perfusion map and diffusion coefficient map using diffusion-weighted imaging. The main limitation of this model is inaccuracy in the presence of noise. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to improve the accuracy of IVIM output parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this simulated and analytical study, the Kalman filter is applied to reject artifact and measurement noise. The proposed method purifies the diffusion coefficient from blood motion and noise, and then an artificial neural network is deployed in estimating perfusion parameters...

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative Irradiation Therapy (IORT) refers to the delivery of radiation during surgery and needs the computed- thickness of the target as one of the most significant factors. OBJECTIVE: This paper aimed to compute target thickness and design a radiation pattern distributing the irradiation uniformly throughout the target. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Monte Carlo code was used to simulate the experimental setup in this simulation study...

BACKGROUND: Registries are regarded as a just valuable fount of data on determining neonates suffering prematurity or low birth weight (LBW), ameliorating provided care, and developing studies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to probe the studies, including premature infants' registries, adapt the needed minimum data set, and provide an offered framework for premature infants' registries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this descriptive study, electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Embase/Medline were searched...

BACKGROUND: As the use of electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and computers continues to rise globally, concerns have been raised about their potential impact on human health. Exposure to high energy visible (HEV) blue light, emitted from digital screens, particularly the so-called artificial light at night (ALAN), has been associated with adverse health effects, ranging from disruption of circadian rhythms to cancer. Breast cancer incidence rates are also increasing worldwide...

BACKGROUND: Disruption in the descending pathways may lead to gait impairments in Cerebral Palsy (CP) children. Though, the mechanisms behind walking problems have not been completely understood. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to define the relationship between the structure of the corticoreticular tract (CRT) and walking capacity in children with CP. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional study. Twenty-six children with CP between 4 to 15 years old participated...

BACKGROUND: Since cerebral palsy (CP) is a corollary to brain damage, persistent treatment should accompany an alteration in brain functional activity in line with clinical improvements. In this regard, the corpus callosum (CC), as a connecting bridge between the two hemispheres, plays an essential role. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of occupational therapy (OT) on CC functional activity and walking capacity in children with cerebral palsy...

BACKGROUND: Despite the existing evidence indicating altered hip kinematics as well as the studies showing altered movement coordination variability in persons with patellofemoral pain (PFP), there is no study investigating the correlation between hip joint kinematic and movement coordination variability in persons with patellofemoral pain (PFP). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the correlation between peak hip adduction and variability of thigh frontal-shank transverse coordination during running in persons with PFP...

BACKGROUND: Based on the Liver Imaging Data and Reporting System (LI-RADS) guidelines, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) can be diagnosed using imaging criteria in patients at risk of HCC. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of LI-RADS in high-risk patients with HCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This systematic review is conducted on international databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, PROQUEST, and Cochrane Library, with appropriate keywords...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: During X-ray imaging, pulmonary movements can cause many image artifacts. To tackle this issue, several studies, including mathematical algorithms and 2D-3D image registration methods, have been presented. Recently, the application of deep artificial neural networks has been considered for image generation and prediction. OBJECTIVE: In this study, a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) neural network is used to predict spatiotemporal 4DCT images...

BACKGROUND: The effect of position and gender on chest movements and respiratory volumes is controversial and investigated in only a few studies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of position and gender on the breathing pattern during four different positions in healthy individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, twenty-eight (14 males, 14 females) healthy individuals participated aged 20-45 years...

BACKGROUND: Qualitative and quantitative assessment of retinal perfusion using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has shown to be effective in the treatment and management of various retinal and optic nerve diseases. However, manual analyses of OCTA images to calculate metrics related to Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) morphology, and retinal vascular density and morphology are costly, time-consuming, subject to human error, and are exposed to both inter and intra operator variability...

BACKGROUND: Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT), a safe and non-invasive strategy in tumor therapy, is in development using novel sono-sensitizers, activated by low-intensity ultrasound radiation. SDT mainly progresses through Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation followed by cell annihilation. OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound therapy with titania/gold nanoparticles (NPs) on melanoma cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this experimental study, Titania/gold NPs (TGNPs) were synthesized, and their activity was investigated in sonodynamic therapy of a melanoma cancer cell line (C540)...

The selection of abrasive material and parameters of the Air-Abrasion device for a particular application is a crucial detail. However, there are no standard recommendations or manuals for choosing these details; the operator must depend on his experience and knowledge of the procedure to select the best possible material and set of parameters. This short review attempts to identify some of the effects that the selection of material and parameters could have on the performance of the Air-Abrasion procedure for a particular application...