Annals of Translational Medicine

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Breast reconstruction in patients with obesity presents numerous challenges, both in terms of surgical technique and post-operative complication management. As breast reconstruction techniques continue to evolve, the armamentarium of reconstructive options for patients with obesity has vastly expanded. Options now include immediate or delayed, implant-based, autologous, or hybrid reconstruction. Determining the optimal breast reconstruction in this complex population requires nuanced and experienced decision-making...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Surgical considerations for breast reconstruction (BR) in patients requiring neoadjuvant radiotherapy (NART) or adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) cannot be understated. The management of irradiated tissue leads surgeons to face several challenges. Therefore, it is essential to comprehensively understand the proper patient selection and preoperative planning to ensure the best outcomes and minimize the risk of complications. This narrative review aims to provide an update and summary of the most important technical considerations every breast surgeon must contemplate reconstructing the irradiated breast...

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BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) is a popular method for surgical correction of PE, and its impact on quality of life is a growing area of interest. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of MIRPE on the quality of life of patients. METHODS: This study was registered with PROSPERO under reference number CRD42020222061. A literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Scopus was conducted from the date of inception till November 23, 2020...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: After a relatively late introduction to the literature in 2015, enhanced recovery protocols for breast reconstruction have flourished into a wealth of reports. Many have since described unique methodologies making improved offerings with superior outcomes attainable. This is a particularly interesting procedure for the study of enhanced recovery as it encompasses two dissident approaches. Compared to implant-based reconstruction, autologous free-flap reconstruction has demonstrated superiority in a range of long-term metrics at the expense of historically increased peri-operative morbidity...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The treatment of breast cancer encompasses both the elimination of malignancy as well as reconstruction after tumor extirpation. Although the patient may have had successful treatment of her breast cancer, the resulting disfigurement and deformity can have a substantial impact on her physical and mental well-being. Breast reconstruction affords these patients the opportunity to correct these deformities and potentially to improve their quality of life. The current literature review evaluates patient-reported outcomes for the various options of breast reconstruction that are most commonly performed...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Complications associated with implant-based reconstruction have a spectrum of severity with sequelae ranging from mild aesthetic deformities to additional surgery, reconstructive failure and systemic illness. The purpose of this narrative review of the literature is to provide updated evidence-based information on the management of complications in implant-based reconstruction. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, OVID MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library databases was performed to identify common complications associated with implant-based breast reconstruction, incidences of occurrence as well as preventative and management strategies...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) represents a colossal burden in terms of health and patient-reported outcomes. Surgical management plays a prominent role in the psychological and physical well-being of women suffering from BCRL. Therefore, we performed a narrative review of the current surgical management of BCRL and analyzed the postoperative results. METHODS: A literature search was conducted across PubMed MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception through January 2, 2023...

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: With the incorporation of autologous fat grafting, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) products, and nipple-sparing mastectomy, prepectoral device placement has become more popular in selected patients when compared to partial submuscular (dual plane) or complete submuscular device placement. In this article, we aimed to present a review of the current state-of-the-art for implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) using expanders. Additionally, we present a case series of our experience with IBBR evaluating perioperative outcomes, complications, and patient-reported outcomes (PRO)...

BACKGROUND: Up to 30% of patients worldwide have a significant complication related to their tracheostomy. We report a case of a 'cannot ventilate' event resulting in cardiac arrest due to an unexpected airway occlusion in a patient with a pre-existing brain injury The following case report is unique as the patient had developed a mucus plug that turned into a crystal following a coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection. CASE DESCRIPTION: The patient was a young adult who suffered a traumatic brain injury from a motor vehicle collision...

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6591.].

BACKGROUND: The measurement of blood velocity in the carotid artery has been the most popular noninvasive method of identifying and classifying carotid stenosis for half a century. Carotid stenosis is an indicator of elevated risk of stroke; anatomic revascularization reduces the chance of stroke by more than half. Controversy persists on how patients with severe carotid stenosis should be selected for anatomic revascularization. Patients with a connected circle of Willis (coW) might not benefit from anatomic revascularization; patients with two segments missing in the coW are most likely to benefit from revascularization...

BACKGROUND: Tucidinostat, which is a subtype-selective histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been approved in China for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+ ) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 - ) advanced breast cancer (ABC). However, existing evidence mainly stemmed from randomized controlled trials, and might have limitations in representing the complexities of clinical practice and diverse patient populations. Therefore, there is a need to explore the efficacy and optimal therapeutic modality for tucidinostat in real-world clinical settings...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Natural and diet-derived angiogenesis inhibitors/promotors are widely found in diets. These compounds can in several ways impact the results of oncological research of angiogenesis inhibitors. METHODS: We very briefly overview some of the most important examples to show how these compounds can create a bias in current research of cancer. Implications of this expert opinion cover similar angiogenesis-related diseases. RESULTS: Significant intra-individual differences in terms of dietary intake and differential effect of food processing techniques result in differential bioactivity and bioavailability of these compounds...

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BACKGROUND: The association between cigarette smoking and the increased risk of many cancers is well established. Conversely, epidemiological studies of smokeless tobacco demonstrate decreased risk, or no elevated risk, of certain cancers versus smoking. However, it is unclear what role, if any, nicotine plays in these associations. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the available evidence from preclinical studies that examined the potential association between nicotine and the initiation and/or progression of cancer...