Trauma Monthly

BACKGROUND: Knowing the direction of traumatic injury is important as the information can help avoid death after trauma. A trauma registry usually entails detailed information about the demographics, cause, intensity of the injury, and the final diagnosis and outcome of the trauma-affected patient. Researchers should be able to evaluate all aspects of trauma injury and the patient's status. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to develop a trauma data collection form...

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BACKGROUND: There are many techniques that are used for limb lengthening. Lengthening a limb over a plate is an alternative choice used in children or when using an intramedullary nail is difficult. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we presented a new technique for tibial lengthening using a monolateral external fixator over a lengthening plate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For tibial lengthening, a monolateral external fixator was attached to the composite bone model medially...

BACKGROUND: Although self-inflicted and assault-induced knife injuries might have different mortality and morbidity rates, no studies have actually evaluated the importance of the cause of knife injuries in terms of patient outcomes and treatment strategies. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to assess the difference between the outcomes of patients presenting with self-inflicted stab wounds (SISW) versus assault-induced stab wounds (AISW). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of the relevant electronic medical records was performed for the period between January 2000 and December 2012 for patients who were referred to the department of surgery for stab wounds by the trauma team...

INTRODUCTION: Posterior hip dislocation of the hip with acetabular fracture is a challenging problem to treat. Such dislocations are associated with avascular necrosis of the femoral head if neglected. Managing such conditions with total hip replacement (THR) is very difficult because of associated altered anatomy. CASE PRESENTATION: We hereby report a two-year neglected hip dislocation with associated acetabular fracture successfully treated with uncemented THR...

INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis of lumbar hernia can be easily missed, as it is a rare case to which most orthopedists are not exposed in their common clinical practice. Approximately 300 cases have been reported in the literature since it was first described by Barbette in 1672. CASE PRESENTATION: A 76-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with a femoral intertrochanteric fracture was sent to our department. Physical examination revealed a smooth, soft, and movable mass, with no tenderness, palpable on her left flank, which had gradually increased during the last seven years and presented with a slight feeling of swelling...

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health problem worldwide. Secondary injuries after TBI, including diffuse axonal injury (DAI) often occur, and proper treatments are needed in this regard. It has been shown that glibenclamide could reduce secondary brain damage after experimental TBI and improve outcomes. OBJECTIVES: We aim to evaluate the role of glibenclamide on the short-term outcome of patients with DAI due to moderate to severe TBI. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this controlled randomized clinical trial, 40 patients with moderate to severe TBI were assigned to glibenclamide (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups...

BACKGROUND: Traumatic injuries in the elderly often lead to permanent disabilities and long-term treatments that can adversely influence their activities of daily of living (ADL). The effect on ADL is an important outcome in elderly trauma. OBJECTIVES: The present study was designed to evaluate the predictive factors of dependency in ADL following limb trauma in elderly referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, Iran, in 2013. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted on 200 traumatic patients admitted to the trauma emergency ward of Shahid Beheshti hospital in 2013...

INTRODUCTION: Patellar dislocation is an emergency. Vertical patellar dislocation is rare, often seen in adolescents and mostly due to sports injuries or high-velocity trauma. Few cases have been reported in the literature. Closed or open reduction under general anesthesia is often needed. We report a case of vertical locked patellar dislocation in a 26-year-old male, which was reduced by a simple closed method under spinal anaesthesia. A literature review regarding the various methods of treatment is also discussed...

INTRODUCTION: Delayed splenic rupture (DSR) is an unusual outcome following blunt abdominal trauma. Although DSR is defined as bleeding more than 48 hours after blunt trauma in a previously hemodynamically stable patient, a review of the reported cases in the literature shows that in almost all of the cases the initial CT imaging revealed some form of damage to the spleen. CASE PRESENTATION: Here we describe an extremely rare condition in a case that presented with a DSR following blunt trauma and had a normal appearing spleen in the initial post trauma MDCT scan...

BACKGROUND: Sometimes patients with a scaphoid fracture, especially in an acute phase of injury, can have normal radiographs and, therefore, initial diagnosis of the scaphoid fracture may be neglected. In this study, we determined the value in of clinical examination and a radiograph in the diagnosis of scaphoid fracture based on the results of a two-week follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). OBJECTIVES: In this study, sought to assess the value of using both a clinical examination (tenderness of scaphoid tubercle, tenderness of anatomical snuffbox, and compression test) and radiographic imaging in the diagnosis of scaphoid fractures based on the results after a two-week follow-up MRI...

Introduction: Air weapons are used for sport, hunting, firearm training or just for fun, especially by teenagers, worldwide. These weapons are generally regarded as toys, and injuries from these weapons are thought to be harmless by users, parents and even officials. Improvements in weapons technology make the penetration power of these toys similar to conventional hand guns. To increase awareness about the serious injuries associated with these guns. Case Presentation: The medical records of four teenage boys shot by air weapons between January 2012 and January 2013 in Mersin, Turkey, were retrospectively reviewed in this study...

BACKGROUND: Trauma is currently the fourth leading cause of death in developed countries. One of the main objectives in abdominal trauma patients is to develop a rapid and accurate diagnosis. There is a tendency to use emergency abdominal ultrasound with abdominal trauma, therefore, it is recommended in some centers as a diagnostic tool and as a primary choice in abdominal trauma. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of sonography for trauma by emergency medicine residents and radiology residents...

BACKGROUND: Air pollution and weather are just two of many environmental factors contributing to traffic accidents (RTA). OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the effects of these factors on traffic accidents and related mortalities in Ahvaz, Iran. METHODS: In this ecological study, data about RTA, traffic-related mortalities, air pollution (including NO, CO, NO2, NOx PM10, SO2, and O3 rates) and climate data from March 2008 until March 2015 was acquired from the Khuzestan State Police Force, the Environmental Protection Agency and the State Meteorological Department...

INTRODUCTION: Diaphragmatic rupture (DR) is an uncommon, potentially serious complication following blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma. Even with a high index of suspicion, the diagnosis of DR can easily be missed for a long period post injury. Delayed or missed diagnosis [delayed diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture (DDDR)] and delayed diaphragmatic rupture (DDR) are possible explanations in cases where the initial operative exploration fails to show the diaphragmatic damage. CASE PRESENTATION: Here we present a patient with suspected DR that was not seen on initial open abdominal exploration, but was suggested by subsequent serial imaging...

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a worldwide problem, especially in countries with high incidence of road traffic accidents such as Iran. Patients with a single occurrence of TBI have been shown to be at increased risk to sustain future TBI. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to present the incidence and characteristics of repeated TBI (RTBI) in Iranian patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During one year, all admitted TBI patients with prior TBI history were enrolled into the study...

BACKGROUND: Admission to the ICU (intensive care unit) is frequently complicated by early AKI (acute kidney injury). The development of AKI following cardiac surgery is particularly associated with increased mortality and morbidity. According to AKIN (acute kidney injury network) criteria, UO (urinary output) is a predictor for AKI. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine the effects of some AKI risk factors on AKI and also to investigate changes in UO as a predictor of AKI using joint modeling...

BACKGROUND: The management of trauma patients is often difficult. The American college of surgeons suggests using advanced trauma life support (ATLS) measures. ATLS is regarded as the gold standard for the resuscitation of cases with acute life threatening injuries. OBJECTIVES: To assess the change in base excess (BE) values and central venous pressure (CVP) one and six hours after injection of 1000 cc normal saline in trauma patients admitted to the ICU. PATIENTS AND METHODS: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients were randomly selected to participate in the project...

BACKGROUND: Several lines of evidence suggest that early sensory stimulation and regular family visiting programs are potential nursing interventions to improve the outcomes of head injured comatose patients. However, little is known about the impacts of family involvement in providing sensory stimulation. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of a sensory stimulation program conducted by nurses and families on the consciousness, level of cognitive function, and basic cognitive sensory recovery of head injury comatose patients...

BACKGROUND: Triage in the interactive atmosphere of the emergency department (ED) has been described as complex and challenging. Nonemergent ED visits have been accompanied by ethical and legal conflicts. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of ED nurses' practice regarding triage of nonemergent patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Focused micro-ethnography based on Spradley's developmental research sequence (DRS) was used...