Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

INTRODUCTION: Accumulated and compacted ear wax or cerumen can cause conductive hearing loss, discomfort and vertigo, and infection. This study investigates the effect of Carbamide peroxide (CP) compared with Phenol glycerin (PG) ear drops on cerumen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This experimental study investigated the effect of PG and CP ear drops on cerumen in ex vivo and in vivo phases. In the ex vivo phase cerumen degredation was scored following PG and CP treatments...

INTRODUCTION: Adenoid hypertrophy is a common childhood disease; its standard treatment is adenoidectomy. The desire for medical management is increasing due to fewer complications and more convenience. The present study investigated the effect of adding oral montelukast to mometasone nasal spray in treating adenoid hypertrophy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted at a referral teaching hospital (Tehran, Iran) from September 2020 to September 2021...

INTRODUCTION: We introduce the third case reported in the literature of an atypical presentation of pleomorphic adenoma located in the nasal vestibule of a young patient who assisted at our clinic. CASE REPORT: A young man with no important medical history consulted due to a painless mass-type slow-growth lesion associated with right nasal obstruction. He underwent surgical management and complete resection of the mass. The pathological study revealed a pleomorphic adenoma, confirmed by immunohistochemistry...

INTRODUCTION: Since the introduction of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART), there has been a significant increase in the survival of HIV-infected patients. Consequently, there has been increased attention on the potential neoplastic pathologies, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, associated with AIDS in these individuals. CASE REPORT: In this case report we present, for the first time, a patient affected by Kaposi's sarcoma of the palatine tonsil with a concomitant syphilis infection...

INTRODUCTION: Approximately 466 million people suffer from hearing loss worldwide, with Indonesia ranking fourth in Southeast Asia. However, conventional pure-tone audiometry is not yet available in many areas because of its high cost. Numerous available smartphone-based audiometry applications are potential alternative screening tools for hearing loss, especially in Indonesia. This study examined the findings on the validation of smartphone-based audiometry applications to assess hearing functions available in Indonesia...

INTRODUCTION: Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) comprise 90-95% of oral cancers. Early diagnosis improved the survival rate of OSCC patients to 80-90%. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chorionic inflammatory disease with malignancy potential. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of oral cancer. This study aimed to determine the association between VDR rs7975232 (Apa I) polymorphism and potential susceptibility to OLP and OSCC risks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective case-control study, a total of 120 blood samples were obtained from OSCC patients (n=29), OLP (n=50), and controls (n=40)...

INTRODUCTION: Rhinosinusitis mucormycosis (RM) is an invasive opportunistic fungal infection, especially among COVID-19 patients. The current study aimed to assess the peripheral blood hematological disorders of COVID-19 patients-associated RM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During ten month, in two COVID-19 centers in Mashhad, Iran, from June 2021 to March 2022, eighty-three patients suspected of COVID-19 with rhinosinusitis or rhino-orbital mucormycosis participated in this study...

INTRODUCTION: In around 10-20% of angiofibroma cases, the tumor penetrates the skull base to involve intracranial structures, posing difficulty in treating them surgically. Today, advancement in skull base surgery has brought about a paradigm shift, and extensive angiofibroma tumors with intracranial extension are approached surgically today with minimal morbidity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of angiofibroma with significant intracranial extension Radkowski staging IIIb from 2011 to 2021 who came to our center...

INTRODUCTION: Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic systemic granulomatous disorder that can affect multiple organs, including rare extrapulmonary sites like the premaxilla. This case report presents a rare occurrence of premaxillary sarcoidosis, a condition scarcely reported in medical literature. CASE REPORT: The patient, a 62-year-old male, presented with a progressively enlarging painless swelling on the right cheek over a three-year period. Despite multiple Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) examinations yielding no conclusive diagnosis, a contrast-enhanced computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed an ill-defined lesion in the premaxillary soft tissue...

INTRODUCTION: Hypocalcemia is a common complication of total thyroidectomy (TT). This study was designed to investigate the effect of preoperative vitamin.D (Vit.D) status on the occurrence of post-total thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent TT without parathyroidectomy were divided into three groups based on their preoperative Serum Vit.D levels (<20 ng/ml, 20-30 ng/ml, and ≥30 ng/ml were considered deficient, insufficient, and normal Vit...

INTRODUCTION: Hearing loss (HL) is the most frequent sensory neurodeficiency, affecting a broad spectrum of individuals globally. Within this context, the role of genetic factors takes center stage, particularly in cases of hereditary HL. CASE REPORT: Here, we present a nonsyndromic HL (NSHL) case report. The patient is a 21-year-old man with progressive HL. The whole-exome sequencing (WES) demonstrated a novel homozygous missense mutation, c.9908A>C; p.Lys3303Thr, in the proband's exon 61 of the MYO15A gene...

INTRODUCTION: Patient satisfaction with septoturbinoplasty was measured using the subjective visual analogue scale (VAS) and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale. In addition, those factors that impacted satisfaction were confirmed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted an observational study of patients who underwent septoturbinoplasty. Age, sex, smoking habit, duration of improvement, postoperative complications, type of packing and surgeon were analysed...

INTRODUCTION: Ear symptoms of granulomatosis with polyangiitis can range from ear fullness and otalgia to conductive or sensory neural hearing loss and sudden deafness. Cochlear implantation in these patients faces two challenges: access to the round window and control of mastoid and middle ear inflammation. The combined approach in cochlear implantation is a classic trans-facial recess approach facilitated by a trans-canal view. CASE REPORT: In this case report, we present the "combined approach" in a 20-year-old lady with granulomatosis with polyangiitis who underwent cochlear implantation successfully using the combined approach...

INTRODUCTION: Schwannoma, a peculiar benign nerve sheath tumour, is frequently hard to differentiate from other nerve tumours, such as neurofibroma. Around 25%-45% of all schwannomas emerge in the head and neck region, but only 0.1-1.5 % involve laryngeal structure. This tumour is most accurately diagnosed with biopsy via direct laryngoscopy; however, at some points this approach cannot detect a definitive diagnosis due to the surrounding capsule of the tumour and its similar histopathologic finding with other nerve sheath tumour...

INTRODUCTION: An unusual nasopharyngeal foreign body in a very young child with no clinical symptoms is a rare case presentation. CASE REPORT: A nine-month-old child presented with a suspected history of foreign body ingestion without any clue to the parents about the nature of the foreign body. X-ray of the nasopharynx revealed a sharp unusual metallic "Louis Vuitton" shoe logo that the child had accidentally inserted into the nasopharynx via the oral cavity while playing...

INTRODUCTION: Since sinonasal polyposis (SNP) has a high recurrence rate after surgery, various studies have investigated the effect of corticosteroid medications to prevent disease recurrence. The present study was designed to compare the effect of three forms of local corticosteroids on preventing SNP recurrence post-operatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 108 patients with SNP who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)...

INTRODUCTION: Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon condition resulting from the aberrant development of the normal thyroid gland and is usually found along the thyroglossal tract: lingual, submandibular, thyroglossal cysts, intra-tracheal and mediastinal, or, on rare occasions, in the adrenal gland, gallbladder, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and struma ovarii. CASE REPORTS: We describe a novel case where primary papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was found after a trans-oral excision of a tumor containing ectopic thyroid tissue at the posterior pharynx, an area not known to be a location for ectopic thyroid...

INTRODUCTION: This research examined the causes of low acceptance with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) especially anatomical causes and if eliminating them would result in increasing its adherence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross sectional study was performed on patients with moderate to severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) undergoing PAP titration in the sleep clinic. CPAP acceptance was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) about mask and sleep satisfaction and the possibility of using CPAP in the future, mask complications, physical examination of the upper airway and polysomnographic (PSG) results before and after titration...

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss as a subset of sensorineural hearing loss will be confirmed by a progressive hearing loss of at least 30 dB at three contiguous frequencies over 72 hours or less. A sudden or abrupt hearing loss correlates with the time course, and a vascular event is presumptive aetiology. There is an inverse association between Omega-3 consumption and hearing loss. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Omega-3 adjunctive therapy in Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss by audiometric assessments...

INTRODUCTION: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) is an acid phosphatase metalloprotein enzyme expressed in osteoclasts and is related to bone resorption. The molecular mechanisms involved in the different behavior of odontogenic keratocysts have not yet been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to compare TRAP expression in odontogenic keratocysts, radicular cysts, and dentigerous cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we selected 60 samples, including 20 cases of each one of the odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), radicular cysts (RC) and dentigerous cysts (DC)...