Nature and Science of Sleep

PURPOSE: Previous studies demonstrated that there was abnormal functional connectivity (FC) in the amygdala subregions in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which was associated with cognitive function. However, it is not clear whether these abnormalities can be improved after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the changes in FC of amygdala subregions with other brain regions after 6 months of CPAP treatment (post-CPAP) in patients with OSA...

OBJECTIVE: Weekend sleep duration is linked to health issues, including mortality. However, how weekend sleep duration can impact chronic kidney disease (CKD) still needs to be understood. Therefore, we aimed to analyze how weekend sleep duration is associated with kidney function. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We included 5362 study participants and categorized them into nine subgroups by sleep duration (short: ≤6 hours, normal: 6-9 hours, and long: ≥9 hours) on weekdays and weekends and analyzed for the respective association with renal function using stratified multivariable linear regression...

INTRODUCTION: Sleepy driving is associated with Motor Vehicles Accidents (MVAs). In Saudi Arabia, previous studies have addressed this association among men only. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of sleepy driving and associated factors between genders. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study design, we offered a self-administered online questionnaire to 3272 participants from different regions of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included 46 questions covering sociodemographics, driving habits, sleeping habits, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Berlin questionnaire to assess the risk of sleep apnea...

BACKGROUND: Insomnia disorder is a common health condition; it has a role in increasing the possibility of developing other psychological disorders, including anxiety and depression. Anxiety and preoccupation with sleep are two examples of common cognitive factors that contribute to the development of chronic insomnia; thus, it is important to have a tool that assesses worry in insomnia. There is no comprehensive psychiatric measure to assess anxiety and preoccupation with sleep in Arabic...

PURPOSE: We aimed to adapt the Turkish Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI) version and examine its psychometric properties among the general population. METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional study. The item-total correlation, standard error of measurement, Cronbach's α, and McDonald's ω were used for internal consistency. We ran confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and network analysis to confirm the factor structure. Multigroup CFA was run to assess the measurement invariance across gender, whether clinical insomnia or not, and poor sleep quality...

INTRODUCTION: Poor sleep negatively impacts cognitive and physical functioning and affects athletic and academic achievement. "Dual-career" athletes emphasize the pursuit of academic excellence along with athletic performance. PURPOSE: The study aimed to assess sleep characteristics and sleep quality in dual-career collegiate badminton athletes. Furthermore, the study explored associations between training and academic stress and sleep, providing a theoretical basis for better training and sleep programs for dual-career athletes...

PURPOSE: Sleep is essential to all human body functions as well as brain functions. Inadequate sleep quantity and poor sleep quality have been shown to directly affect cognitive functioning and especially memory. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the association of sleep quality with cognitive abilities cross-sectionally in a middle-aged Greek population and secondarily to examine this association prospectively in a smaller group of these participants. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 2112 healthy adults aged 25-70 years (mean: 46...

PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on mental health worldwide, with depression and sleep problems among the most common issues experienced by many individuals. Depression can lead to sleep problems, which can increase the risk of developing depressive symptoms. However, it is unclear which United States (US) sub-population was most affected by depression and sleep problems during the pandemic. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis using self-reported data from the 2021 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), focusing on adults aged 18 years and above (n=29,763)...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the association between sleep spindle metrics and executive function in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Furthermore, we examined the association of age and education on executive function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 230 (40.90 ± 8.83 years, F/M = 45/185) participants were enrolled. Overnight electroencephalogram (C3-M2) recording detected sleep spindles by a novel U-Net-type neural network that integrates temporal information with time-frequency images...

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Sleep disturbances are commonly reported by parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy. However, evidence synthesis including quality and quantity of sleep in parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to quantify pooled mean estimates of parental sleep variables and to determine the prevalence of sleep disturbances in parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy. Five electronic databases, PubMed, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, and CINAHL, were systematically searched from inception to September 2021...

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbance is a common and underappreciated feature of diabetes and sleep may contribute to glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We conducted a 3-month trial to examine the efficacy of suvorexant in improving sleep and health outcomes in people with suboptimally controlled T2D and insomnia. PARTICIPANTS/METHODS: This parallel, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted using the sequential parallel comparison design (SPCD)...

BACKGROUND: Delaying school start times has been proposed as a potential solution to address chronic sleep curtailment among adolescents and its negative consequences on their physical and mental well-being. This study investigates the impact of delayed school start times due to the COVID-19 pandemic on academic achievement. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two separate observational studies were conducted involving high school students from the first/second year (n=232) (Study 1) and from the final year (n=39) (Study 2)...

BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium (POD) is prevalent in craniotomy patients and is associated with high mortality. Sleep disturbances are receiving increasing attention from clinicians as associated risk factors for postoperative complications. This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative sleep disturbances on POD in craniotomy patients. METHODS: We recruited 130 patients undergoing elective craniotomy for intracranial tumors between May 1st and December 30th, 2022...

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disorder associated with serious sequelae. The current gold standard diagnostic method, polysomnography, is costly and time consuming and requires patients to stay overnight at a facility. AIM: This study aimed to reveal the prevalence of OSAS in general adult population using a home sleep test (HST) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted by the Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, between January 2020 and December 2021...

PURPOSE: Depression and anxiety are two highly prevalent mental disorders that commonly coexist. However, little is known about the association between sleep and comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms (CDAS). Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between sleep duration, insomnia and CDAS. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of 22,004 community adults who participated in the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) study. Chinese version of Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 were used to screen CDAS in community adults...

INTRODUCTION: Chronic pain is highly prevalent in US military Veterans. Non-opioid and non-pharmacologic treatments are recommended when clinically appropriate, but research on the mechanisms underlying benefits of these treatments is lacking. Here, we examined the role of sleep in the effects of three non-pharmacologic pain treatments in Veterans. Specifically, we investigated whether treatment effects on sleep predicted treatment effects on pain occurring later, or vice versa. METHODS: Veterans enrolled in a randomized controlled trial were invited to participate in this supplementary sleep study...

Insomnia is a common disorder defined as frequent and persistent difficulty initiating, maintaining, or going back to sleep. A hallmark symptom of this condition is a sense of nonrestorative sleep. It is frequently associated with other psychiatric disorders, such as depression, as well as somatic ones, including immunomediated diseases. BDNF is a neurotrophin primarily responsible for synaptic plasticity and proper functioning of neurons. Due to its role in the central nervous system, it might be connected to insomnia of multiple levels, from predisposing traits (neuroticism, genetic/epigenetic factors, etc...

PURPOSE: Sleep is a modifiable factor affecting chronic diseases and conditions in the Active-Duty (AD) United States (US) military population. This study assesses the impact of reported sleep health behaviors and sleep profiles on reported multimorbidity in active-duty service members (ADSMs). PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: The study used a military representative sample of 17,166 active duty SMs from the 2018 Department of Defense Health Related Behaviors Survey (HRBS) to explore sleep patterns and profiles, and medical conditions...

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Depression is a crucial factor among the various factors that are associated with OSA and CVD. PURPOSE: This study was conducted with an aim to assess the prognostic significance of depression on the MACE in older patients with OSA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 1106 older patients with OSA, without myocardial infarction (MI), history of hospitalization for unstable angina, or heart failure at baseline were enrolled and followed up prospectively...