journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37877654/transcriptomics-guided-identification-of-an-algicidal-protease-of-the-marine-bacterium-kordia-algicida-ot-1
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristy S Syhapanha, David A Russo, Yun Deng, Nils Meyer, Remington X Poulin, Georg Pohnert
In recent years, interest in algicidal bacteria has risen due to their ecological importance and their potential as biotic regulators of harmful algal blooms. Algicidal bacteria shape the plankton communities of the oceans by inhibiting or lysing microalgae and by consuming the released nutrients. Kordia algicida strain OT-1 is a model marine algicidal bacterium that was isolated from a bloom of the diatom Skeletonema costatum. Previous work has suggested that algicidal activity is mediated by secreted proteases...
October 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37877653/a-loophole-in-soap-dispensers-mediates-contamination-with-gram-negative-bacteria
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ralf Lucassen, Nicole van Leuven, Dirk Bockmühl
Liquid soap dispensers are widely used in domestic and clinical settings. In previous studies, the risk of bacterial contamination of refillable systems was pointed out and a bacterial contamination rate of 25%, with values of up to 108  colony-forming units/mL (CFU/mL), was reported. However, the route of contamination remains elusive. To address this point, we determined the microbial contamination of refillable standard pump dispensers and nonrefillable press-dispenser systems. Following the collection of 104 liquid soap dispensers from hotel rooms across Germany, bacterial counts were determined...
October 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37877652/relationship-between-the-rod-complex-and-peptidoglycan-structure-in-escherichia-coli
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Risa Ago, Yuhei O Tahara, Honoka Yamaguchi, Motoya Saito, Wakana Ito, Kaito Yamasaki, Taishi Kasai, Sho Okamoto, Taiki Chikada, Taku Oshima, Issey Osaka, Makoto Miyata, Hironori Niki, Daisuke Shiomi
Peptidoglycan for elongation in Escherichia coli is synthesized by the Rod complex, which includes RodZ. Although various mutant strains of the Rod complex have been isolated, the relationship between the activity of the Rod complex and the overall physical and chemical structures of the peptidoglycan have not been reported. We constructed a RodZ mutant, termed RMR, and analyzed the growth rate, morphology, and other characteristics of cells producing the Rod complexes containing RMR. The growth and morphology of RMR cells were abnormal, and we isolated suppressor mutants from RMR cells...
October 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37877457/orientia-tsutsugamushi-a-life-between-escapes
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lea Fromm, Jonas Mehl, Christian Keller
The life cycle of the mite-borne, obligate intracellular pathogen Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot), the causative agent of human scrub typhus, differs in many aspects from that of other members of the Rickettsiales order. Particularly, the nonlytic cellular exit of individual Ot bacteria at the plasma membrane closely resembles the budding of enveloped viruses but has only been rudimentarily studied at the molecular level. This brief article is focused on the current state of knowledge of escape events in the life cycle of Ot and highlights differences in strategies of other rickettsiae...
October 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642489/co-localization-of-clinically-relevant-antibiotic-and-heavy-metal-resistance-genes-on-plasmids-in-klebsiella-pneumoniae-from-marine-bivalves
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fredrik Håkonsholm, Marit A K Hetland, Iren H Löhr, Bjørn Tore Lunestad, Nachiket P Marathe
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen frequently associated with antibiotic resistance and present in a wide range of environments, including marine habitats. However, little is known about the development, persistence, and spread of antibiotic resistance in such environments. This study aimed to obtain the complete genome sequences of antibiotic-resistant K. pneumoniae isolated from marine bivalves in order to determine the genetic context of antibiotic- and heavy metal resistance genes in these isolates...
August 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642488/evaluating-models-and-assessment-techniques-for-understanding-oral-biofilm-complexity
#26
REVIEW
Srinivas Sulugodu Ramachandra, Patricia Wright, Pingping Han, Abdalla Abdal-Hay, Ryan S B Lee, Saso Ivanovski
Oral biofilms are three-dimensional (3D) complex entities initiating dental diseases and have been evaluated extensively in the scientific literature using several biofilm models and assessment techniques. The list of biofilm models and assessment techniques may overwhelm a novice biofilm researcher. This narrative review aims to summarize the existing literature on biofilm models and assessment techniques, providing additional information on selecting an appropriate model and corresponding assessment techniques, which may be useful as a guide to the beginner biofilm investigator and as a refresher to experienced researchers...
August 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642487/isolation-and-functional-analysis-of-phage-displayed-antibody-fragments-targeting-the-staphylococcal-superantigen-like-proteins
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ida Alanko, Rebecca Sandberg, Eeva-Christine Brockmann, Carla J C de Haas, Jos A G van Strijp, Urpo Lamminmäki, Outi M H Salo-Ahen
Staphylococcus aureus produces numerous virulence factors that manipulate the immune system, helping the bacteria avoid phagocytosis. In this study, we are investigating three immune evasion molecules called the staphylococcal superantigen-like proteins 1, 5, and 10 (SSL1, SSL5, and SSL10). All three SSLs inhibit vital host immune processes and contribute to S. aureus immune evasion. This study aimed to identify single-chain variable fragment (scFvs) antibodies from synthetic antibody phage libraries, which can recognize either of the three SSLs and could block the interaction between the SSLs and their respective human targets...
August 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642486/isolation-biochemical-characterization-and-genome-sequencing-of-two-high-quality-genomes-of-a-novel-chitinolytic-jeongeupia-species
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nathanael D Arnold, Daniel Garbe, Thomas B Brück
Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide worldwide as part of arthropods' exoskeletons and fungal cell walls. Low concentrations in soils and sediments indicate rapid decomposition through chitinolytic organisms in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The enacting enzymes, so-called chitinases, and their products, chitooligosaccharides, exhibit promising characteristics with applications ranging from crop protection to cosmetics, medical, textile, and wastewater industries. Exploring novel chitinolytic organisms is crucial to expand the enzymatical toolkit for biotechnological chitin utilization and to deepen our understanding of diverse catalytic mechanisms...
August 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642485/clay-associated-microbial-communities-and-their-relevance-for-a-nuclear-waste-repository-in-the-opalinus-clay-rock-formation
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julia Mitzscherling, Steffi Genderjahn, Anja M Schleicher, Alexander Bartholomäus, Jens Kallmeyer, Dirk Wagner
Microorganisms are known to be natural agents of biocorrosion and mineral transformation, thereby potentially affecting the safety of deep geological repositories used for high-level nuclear waste storage. To better understand how resident microbial communities of the deep terrestrial biosphere may act on mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of insulating clays, we analyzed their structure and potential metabolic functions, as well as site-specific mineralogy and element composition from the dedicated Mont Terri underground research laboratory, Switzerland...
August 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642484/cattle-compost-soil-the-transfer-of-antibiotic-resistance-in-livestock-agriculture
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fadhel Abbas, Phil Thomas, Bianca Cully-Duse, Nicholas M Andronicos, Gal Winter
Antibiotic resistance is a major global health threat. Agricultural use of antibiotics is considered to be a main contributor to the issue, influencing both animals and humans as defined by the One Health approach. The purpose of the present study was to determine the abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations and the overall bacterial diversity of cattle farm soils that have been treated with animal manure compost. Soil and manure samples were collected from different sites at Tullimba farm, NSW...
August 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642483/antibiofilm-assay-for-antimicrobial-peptides-combating-the-sulfate-reducing-bacteria-desulfovibrio-vulgaris
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lena Stillger, Lucile Viau, Dirk Holtmann, Daniela Müller
In medical, environmental, and industrial processes, the accumulation of bacteria in biofilms can disrupt many processes. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are receiving increasing attention in the development of new substances to avoid or reduce biofilm formation. There is a lack of parallel testing of the effect against biofilms in this area, as well as in the testing of other antibiofilm agents. In this paper, a high-throughput screening was developed for the analysis of the antibiofilm activity of AMPs, differentiated into inhibition and removal of a biofilm...
August 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642482/isolation-and-characterization-of-filamentous-fungi-capable-of-degrading-the-mycotoxin-patulin
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megumi Mita, Rina Sato, Miho Kakinuma, Hiroyuki Nakagawa, Toshiki Furuya
Patulin is a toxic secondary metabolite synthesized by various fungal strains. This mycotoxin is generally toxic to microorganisms as well as mammals due to its reactivity with the important cellular antioxidant glutathione. In this study, we explored the presence of microorganisms capable of degrading patulin. Microorganisms were screened for the ability to both grow in culture medium containing patulin and reduce its concentration. Screening of 510 soil samples resulted in the isolation of two filamentous fungal strains, one of which, Acremonium sp...
August 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642481/transforming-the-untransformable-with-knockout-minicircles-high-efficiency-transformation-and-vector-free-allelic-exchange-knockout-in-the-fish-pathogen-photobacterium-damselae
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oleksandra Rudenko, Laura Baseggio, Fynn McGuigan, Andrew C Barnes
Gene inactivation studies are critical in pathogenic bacteria, where insights into species biology can guide the development of vaccines and treatments. Allelic exchange via homologous recombination is a generic method of targeted gene editing in bacteria. However, generally applicable protocols are lacking, and suboptimal approaches are often used for nonstandard but epidemiologically important species. Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Pdp) is a primary pathogen of fish in aquaculture and has been considered hard to transform since the mid-1990s...
August 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37379428/an-improved-method-for-intracellular-dna-idna-recovery-from-terrestrial-environments
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diego Medina Caro, Lucas Horstmann, Lars Ganzert, Romulo Oses, Thomas Friedl, Dirk Wagner
The simultaneous extraction of intracellular DNA (iDNA) and extracellular DNA (eDNA) can help to separate the living in situ community (represented by iDNA) from background DNA that originated both from past communities and from allochthonous sources. As iDNA and eDNA extraction protocols require separating cells from the sample matrix, their DNA yields are generally lower than direct methods that lyse the cells within the sample matrix. We, therefore, tested different buffers with and without adding a detergent mix (DM) in the extraction protocol to improve the recovery of iDNA from surface and subsurface samples that covered a variety of terrestrial environments...
June 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37379427/responses-of-anabaena-sp-pcc7120-to-lindane-physiological-effects-and-differential-expression-of-potential-lin-genes
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jorge Guío, Maria F Fillat, Maria L Peleato, Emma Sevilla
Lindane (γ-HCH) is an organochlorine pesticide that causes huge environmental concerns worldwide due to its recalcitrance and toxicity. The use of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 in aquatic lindane bioremediation has been suggested but information relative to this process is scarce. In the present work, data relative to the growth, pigment composition, photosynthetic/respiration rate, and oxidative stress response of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 in the presence of lindane at its solubility limit in water are shown...
June 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37379426/morphological-and-physiological-impacts-of-salinity-on-colonial-strains-of-the-cyanobacteria-microcystis-aeruginosa
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Myriam Bormans, Benjamin Legrand, Nicolas Waisbord, Enora Briand
In the context of global change and enhanced toxic cyanobacterial blooms, cyanobacterial transfer to estuaries is likely to increase in frequency and intensity and impact animal and human health. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the potential of their survival in estuaries. In particular, we tested if the colonial form generally observed in natural blooms enhanced the resistance to salinity shock compared to the unicellular form generally observed in isolated strains. We tested the impact of salinity on two colonial strains of Microcystis aeruginosa, producing different amounts of mucilage by combining classical batch methods with a novel microplate approach...
June 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37379425/molecular-mechanisms-of-regulation-by-a-%C3%AE-alanine-responsive-lrp-type-transcription-factor-from-acidianus-hospitalis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amber J Bernauw, Vincent Crabbe, Fraukje Ryssegem, Ronnie Willaert, Indra Bervoets, Eveline Peeters
The leucine-responsive regulatory protein (Lrp) family of transcriptional regulators is widespread among prokaryotes and especially well-represented in archaea. It harbors members with diverse functional mechanisms and physiological roles, often linked to the regulation of amino acid metabolism. BarR is an Lrp-type regulator that is conserved in thermoacidophilic Thermoprotei belonging to the order Sulfolobales and is responsive to the non-proteinogenic amino acid β-alanine. In this work, we unravel molecular mechanisms of the Acidianus hospitalis BarR homolog, Ah-BarR...
June 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37379424/aedes-albopictus-microbiome-derives-from-environmental-sources-and-partitions-across-distinct-host-tissues
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Priscilla S Seabourn, Danya E Weber, Helen Spafford, Matthew C I Medeiros
The mosquito microbiome consists of a consortium of interacting microorganisms that reside on and within culicid hosts. Mosquitoes acquire most of their microbial diversity from the environment over their life cycle. Once present within the mosquito host, the microbes colonize distinct tissues, and these symbiotic relationships are maintained by immune-related mechanisms, environmental filtering, and trait selection. The processes that govern how environmental microbes assemble across the tissues within mosquitoes remain poorly resolved...
June 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37379423/development-of-a-new-multiplex-quantitative-pcr-for-the-detection-of-glaesserella-parasuis-mycoplasma-hyorhinis-and-mycoplasma-hyosynoviae
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simone Scherrer, Sarah Schmitt, Fenja Rademacher, Peter Kuhnert, Giovanni Ghielmetti, Sophie Peterhans, Roger Stephan
Glaesserella parasuis, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae are important porcine pathogens responsible for polyserositis, polyarthritis, meningitis, pneumonia, and septicemia causing significant economic losses in the swine industry. A new multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was designed on one hand for the detection of G. parasuis and the virulence marker vtaA to distinguish between highly virulent and non-virulent strains. On the other hand, fluorescent probes were established for the detection and identification of both M...
June 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37379422/effects-of-sponge-to-sponge-contact-on-the-microbiomes-of-three-spatially-competing-caribbean-coral-reef-species
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shelby E Gantt, Patrick M Erwin
Sponges perform important ecosystem functions, host diverse microbial symbiont communities (microbiomes), and have been increasing in density on Caribbean coral reefs over the last decade. Sponges compete for space in coral reef communities through both morphological and allelopathic strategies, but no studies of microbiome impacts during these interactions have been conducted. Microbiome alterations mediate spatial competition in other coral reef invertebrates and may similarly impact competitive outcomes for sponges...
June 2023: MicrobiologyOpen
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