American Journal of Stem Cells

OBJECTIVE: In regenerative biology, the most commonly used cells are adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs). This is due to the abundance and easy accessibility of AD-MSCs. METHODS: In this study, canine AD-MSCs were harvested from different anatomical locations, i.e., subcutaneous (SC), omental (OM), and perirenal (PR). Various isolation techniques namely explants (TRT-I), collagenase-digestion (TRT-II), collagenase-digested explants (TRT-III), and trypsin-digested explants (TRT-IV) were used to segregate the MSCs to evaluate cell doubling time, viability, and adipogenic/osteogenic lineage differentiation potential...

Neural tissue engineering as alternatives to recover damaged tissues and organs is getting more and more attention due to the lack of regeneration ability of natural tissue nervous system after injury. Particularly, topographic scaffolds are one of the critical elements to guide nerve orientation and reconnection with characteristics of mimic the natural extracellular matrix. This review focuses on scaffolds preparation technologies, topographical features, scaffolds-based encapsulations delivery strategies for neural tissue regeneration, biological functions on nerve cell guidance and regeneration, and applications of topographic scaffolds in vivo and in vitro...

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) can cause partial or total motor and sensory nerve function, leading to physical disability and nerve pain that severely affects patients' quality of life. Autologous nerve transplantation is currently the clinically recognized gold standard, but due to its inherent limitations, researchers have been searching for alternative treatments. Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have attracted much attention as a favorable alternative to promote the repair and regeneration of damaged peripheral nerves...

BACKGROUND: Keloids and hypertrophic scars are some of the most common skin conditions globally, associated with poor treatment response and high recurrence rates. Autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is increasingly recognized as an emerging therapy albeit limited literature on its outcome in scar treatment. This review aimed to describe the current practices and outcomes of adipose-derived stromal Vascular Fraction in scar treatment. METHODS: This systematic review assessed articles describing the use of SVF in scar treatment published between 2000 and 2023...

INTRODUCTION: The present study aimed to assess alterations in apoptosis rate, Golgi morphology and GOLPH3 expression following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) both before and after intervention with OM-MSCs. The objective was to investigate the impact of ICH on Golgi apparatus (GA) stress and to explore the potential protective effects of OM-MSCs on GA following ICH. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 54 Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into three experimental groups: sham operation group, ICH group and OM-MSCs group...

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a debilitating condition that predominantly affects young individuals, resulting in disability and involving significant healthcare costs. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective therapeutic strategy to treat this debilitating disease. In this context, autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (auto-BM-MSCs) have emerged as a promising approach for treating ONFH. In this case report, we applied this therapy to a patient with ONFH and evaluated both its safety and therapeutic benefits...

BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) hold promise for bone tissue engineering because of their ability to differentiate into a variety of cell lineages. In tissue engineering, composite scaffolds made of natural and synthetic polymers have also attracted interest. Modification of scaffolds with various substances, including Aloe Vera, is expected to play a useful role in the repair of damaged tissues, including bone. METHOD: ADSCs were isolated and seeded in three groups on an Aloe Vera-modified PCL scaffold: 1...

OBJECTIVES: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a degenerative disease affecting the joint, which is characterized by injury to the articular cartilage, as well as changes in the synovial and subchondral bone. TMJOA has a high incidence rate, without any effective treatment. Despite the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in various diseases, their efficacy in treating TMJOA is constrained by the local hypoxic conditions and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) environment within the damaged temporomandibular joint...

Chronic ischemic heart disease remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several trials have been performed to evaluate benefit of stem cells transplantation to restore cardiac function in short- and long-term period after myocardial infarction. This narrative review analyzes 24 clinical trials between 2005 and 2023 comprising 1824 patients with chronic heart disease without heart failure. Percent increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and decrease in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class at 6/12 months after stem cells transplantation are reported...

Genetic hearing loss has emerged as a significant public health concern that demands attention. Among the various treatment strategies, gene therapy based on gene editing technology is considered the most promising approach for addressing genetic hearing loss by repairing or eliminating mutated genes. The advent of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas system has revolutionized gene therapy through its remarkable gene editing capabilities. This system has been extensively employed in mammalian gene editing and is currently being evaluated through clinical trials...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer stem like cells (CSCs) as a subset of cancer cells exhibit similar properties with normal stem cells. These cells are responsible for cancer metastasis and recurrence. Pivotal roles of CXCR4 in metastasis, chemoresistance and stemness of tumor cells have been showed previously. Here, we aim to explore the relationship between CXCR4 and CSCs in primary and metastatic breast tumor cells. METHODS AND RESULTS: Primary and highly metastatic breast tumor cells were isolated in our laboratory...

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated if silver nanoparticles (AgNps) could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. METHODS: Mouse embryonic fibroblasts were divided into two groups: Group 1 cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium and Group 2 cells were cultured in osteogenic medium. Both groups were then treated with 16, 32, or 100 μM AgNps. Fibroblast proliferation and viability were measured using BrdU and MTT methods at varying time points...

INTRODUCTION: Autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has been described to have therapeutic benefits in the treatment of keloids. However, most of the evidence on its efficacy is based on observational studies the majority of which are conducted in high-income countries and yet the highest burden of keloids is in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). OBJECTIVES: We set out to determine the safety and feasibility of using autologous adipose derived stromal vascular fraction in the treatment of keloids in LMICs...

OBJECTIVES: To identify the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-loaded β-chitin nanofiber (ADSC-loaded β-ChNF) hydrogel on diabetic wound healing and clarify its mechanism of action. METHODS: We prepared the ADSC-loaded β-ChNF hydrogel to repair wounds of db/db diabetic mice. Wound healing rate, histopathology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blot were used to confirm its role and mechanism in promoting diabetic wound healing...

BACKGROUND: Basic biological science research deals with nucleic acid isolation. Post-isolation nucleic acid integrity has a pivotal role in further elucidating gene expression and other molecular mechanisms. RNA (ribonucleic acid), cDNA (complementary deoxyribonucleic acid), and PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) products' integrity and quality are affected by several factors in biochemical and biophysical degradation modes. Inadequate evidence was noted about the direct effects of sodium hypochlorite and L-ascorbic acid...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effect of TGF-B1-transfected adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSC) conditional medium (TGF-B1-CM) on CD44 expression and biological activities in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. METHODS: In the study, the experimental groups were created as a standard medium, AD-MSC-CM, TGF-B1-CM, and TGF-B1 recombinant protein. The medium and proteins specified in these groups were applied to MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells separately at 24, 48 and 72 hours...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the induction effects of methanolic extracts of Nigella sativa (NiS), Brassica Oleracea (BrO), and Oenothera biennia (Obi) on transgenic embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and to evaluate the ability of germ cells (GCs) production using these pluripotent cells. METHODS: ESCs were amplified using a feeder layer. Embryoid bodies enzymatically dissociated to single cells and induced the extracts in gelatinized plates. Then RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed...

BACKGROUND: Autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is an emerging therapy that is being pioneered as a potential treatment for keloids and hypertrophic scars. Up to this point, there isn't a cure for keloids and hypertrophic scars yet they comprise the commonest benign skin disorders. Despite published studies reporting potential therapeutic benefits of SVF, their use and efficacy on scar improvement are not clearly described. The aim of this review is to describe the clinical practice involved in harvesting, processing, utilization of SVF, and associated efficacy in scar treatment...

OBJECTIVE: Mesenchymal stem cells can serve as a therapeutic option for COVID-19. Their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties can regulate the exaggerated inflammatory response and promote recovery of lung damage. METHOD: Phase-1, single-centre open-label, prospective clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord and placenta in moderate COVID-19. The study was done in 2 stages with total 20 patients...

INTRODUCTION: Stem cells isolated from human dental pulp tissue are different from other sources of Mesenchymal stem cells because of their embryonic neural crest sources and neuro-trophic potential. These stem cells consist of dental pulp stem cells from human permanent teeth and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. AIM: In this study, we survey the advantages and disadvantages of these stem cells with therapies attitude. MAIN TEXT: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth with a high proliferation rate could distinguish into a wide types of cells...