journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37158150/the-legal-aspect-of-the-current-use-of-genetically-modified-organisms-in-kenya-tanzania-and-uganda
#21
REVIEW
Gideon Sadikiel Mmbando
Many African nations place a high priority on enhancing food security and nutrition. However, unfavorable environmental conditions interfere with the achievement of food security in Africa. The production of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) presents intriguing possibilities for improving food security on the continent. In Africa, countries in the same regions have different GMO usage policies and laws. While some nations are updating their laws and policies to allow GMOs, others are still debating whether they are worth the risk...
December 31, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37139798/genetically-modified-dp915635-maize-is-agronomically-and-compositionally-comparable-to-non-genetically-modified-maize
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer A Anderson, James Mickelson, Brandon J Fast, Nathan Smith, Robert C Pauli, Carl Walker
DP915635 maize was genetically modified (GM) to express the IPD079Ea protein for corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) control. DP915635 maize also expresses the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) protein for tolerance to glufosinate herbicide and the phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) protein that was used as a selectable marker. A field study was conducted at ten sites in the United States and Canada during the 2019 growing season. Of the 11 agronomic endpoints that were evaluated, two of them (early stand count and days to flowering) were statistically significant compared with the control maize based on unadjusted p-values; however, these differences were not significant after FDR-adjustment of p-values...
December 31, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37087750/impact-of-coronavirus-disease-2019-on-consumers-perceptions-of-genetically-modified-food
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Ding, Fangbin Qiao, Jikun Huang
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has generated significant economic loss and an unprecedented challenge to people's livelihoods. Using household data collected in November 2020, this study shows that the COVID-19 outbreak has significantly affected consumers' perceptions and consumption of genetically modified (GM) food in China. Their perceptions and purchase intentions have turned more negative, and their actual purchase of GM food has decreased after the COVID-19 outbreak. The study's results also indicate that consumers with more knowledge of genetic modification technology are less likely to change their perceptions of GM food...
December 31, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36987578/biosafety-regulatory-frameworks-in-kenya-nigeria-uganda-and-sweden-and-their-potential-impact-on-international-r-d-collaborations
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isaac Ongu, Priscilla Olayide, Erik Alexandersson, Barbara Mugwanya Zawedde, Dennis Eriksson
Gene technologies, such as transgenesis and new breeding techniques (NBTs), expand the toolbox for plant breeding. Many countries in Africa, however, have long been seen as "slow adopters" of gene technologies for several reasons, one being the lack of, or overly restrictive, biosafety regulatory frameworks. This is sometimes attributed to the influence of the precautionary-oriented EU biosafety policies. This study analyses and compares the biosafety regulatory frameworks and their implementation in Kenya, Nigeria and Uganda, and in the EU member state Sweden...
December 31, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36947744/analyzing-public-sentiment-toward-gmos-via-social-media-between-2019-2021
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manreet Sohi, Maurice Pitesky, Joseph Gendreau
Genetically modified organisms or GMOs offer significant advantages in food production, including increased yield, decreased pesticide usage, and better disease resistance. However, adoption and public sentiment toward GMOs is highly variable. Without positive sentiment toward GMOs, consumption of GMO-based foods may not have an adequate market for further investment. In order to better understand overall public sentiment toward GMO-based foods, a Boolean search was created using a commercial web-crawling service to collect and analyze public sentiment of GMOs across multiple social media and web-based services from May 1, 2019, to May 31, 2021...
December 31, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36635971/stable-in-planta-transformation-system-for-egyptian-sesame-sesamum-indicum-l-cv-sohag-1
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Esraa A A Sultan, Mohamed S Tawfik
Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil crop and one of the oldest-known oil crops to humankind. Sesame has excellent nutritional and therapeutic properties; it is rich in important fatty acids, protein, fiber, and vital minerals. Oil percentage varies among different genotypes but generally accounts for more than 50% of the seed's dry weight. To meet the increasing demand for vegetable oil production worldwide, expanding the cultivation of oil crops in newly reclaimed areas worldwide is essential...
December 31, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36606637/integrating-genomics-and-genome-editing-for-orphan-crop-improvement-a-bridge-between-orphan-crops-and-modern-agriculture-system
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huwaida Yaqoob, Arooj Tariq, Basharat Ahmad Bhat, Kaisar Ahmad Bhat, Iqra Bashir Nehvi, Ali Raza, Ivica Djalovic, Pv Vara Prasad, Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
Domestication of orphan crops could be explored by editing their genomes. Genome editing has a lot of promise for enhancing agricultural output, and there is a lot of interest in furthering breeding in orphan crops, which are sometimes plagued with unwanted traits that resemble wild cousins. Consequently, applying model crop knowledge to orphan crops allows for the rapid generation of targeted allelic diversity and innovative breeding germplasm. We explain how plant breeders could employ genome editing as a novel platform to accelerate the domestication of semi-domesticated or wild plants, resulting in a more diversified base for future food and fodder supplies...
December 31, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37690075/processes-for-regulating-genetically-modified-and-gene-edited-plants
#28
REVIEW
John R Caradus
Innovation in agriculture has been essential in improving productivity of crops and forages to support a growing population, improving living standards while contributing toward maintaining environment integrity, human health, and wellbeing through provision of more nutritious, varied, and abundant food sources. A crucial part of that innovation has involved a range of techniques for both expanding and exploiting the genetic potential of plants. However, some techniques used for generating new variation for plant breeders to exploit are deemed higher risk than others despite end products of both processes at times being for all intents and purposes identical for the benefits they provide...
September 10, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37598379/deconstruction-of-science-hegemony-discursive-strategies-of-chinese-science-communication-on-genetically-modified-foods
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinrong Lin
This study analyzes Chinese online science communication and discussion about genetically modified foods (GMFs). Based on data collected from one of the largest Chinese GMFs science popularization website, it utilizes Wodak's discourse analysis to investigate how Chinese genetically modified (GM) scientific discourse is characterized by a range of discursive strategies that construct specific identity of Chinese GM scientists and explore science hegemony underlying Chinese GMFs debates. Findings show that discourse features of Chinese GM scientific discourse is objective as well as emotional, particularly conveying a strong sense of superiority realized by trope, argumentative strategies and intertextuality...
August 20, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37551783/modification-of-fatty-acid-profile-and-oil-contents-using-gene-editing-in-oilseed-crops-for-a-changing-climate
#30
REVIEW
Saeed Rauf, Seerat Fatima, Rodomiro Ortiz
Mutation breeding based on various chemical and physical mutagens induces and disrupts non-target loci. Hence, large populations were required for visual screening, but desired plants were rare and it was a further laborious task to identify desirable mutants. Generated mutant had high defect due to non-targeted mutation, with poor agronomic performance. Mutation techniques were augmented by targeted induced local lesions in genome (TILLING) facilitating the selection of desirable germplasm. On the other hand, gene editing through CRISPR/Cas9 allows knocking down genes for site-directed mutation...
August 8, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37340838/gene-editing-achieves-consistently-higher-favorability-in-social-and-traditional-media-than-gmos
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Lynas, Selene Adams, Karen Stockert
While GMOs have been the subject of negative discourse over a long time period, it is possible that newer breeding technologies like gene editing are viewed more favorably. We present data for a 5-year period between January 2018 and December 2022, showing that in content specific to agricultural biotechnology, gene editing achieves consistently higher favorability ratings than GMOs in both social and traditional English-language media. Our sentiment analysis shows that favorability is especially positive in social media, with close to 100% favorability achieved in numerous monthly values throughout our 5 years of analysis...
June 21, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37017106/dna-free-genome-editing-for-zmpla1-gene-via-targeting-immature-embryos-in-tropical-maize
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sagar Krushnaji Rangari, Manjot Kaur Sudha, Harjot Kaur, Nidhi Uppal, Gagandeep Singh, Yogesh Vikal, Priti Sharma
Doubled haploid (DH) production accelerates the development of homozygous lines in a single generation. In maize, haploids are widely produced by the use of haploid inducer Stock 6, earlier reported in 1959. Three independent studies reported haploid induction in maize which is triggered due to a 4 bp frame-shift mutation in matrilineal ( ZmPLA1 ) gene. The present study was focused on the generation of mutants for ZmPLA1 gene in maize inbred line LM13 through site-directed mutagenesis via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex method to increase the haploid induction rate...
April 5, 2023: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36453282/challenges-and-prospects-in-using-biotechnological-interventions-in-o-glaberrima-an-african-cultivated-rice
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gideon Sadikiel Mmbando
Africa has the world's fastest rate of population expansion, making it vulnerable to food shortages. Africa cultivates two types of rice (Asian rice; Oryza sativa and African rice; Oryza glaberrima ). Native African rice called O. glaberrima has some intriguing characteristics, including resistance to several biotic and abiotic regional restrictions in Africa. However, O. glaberrima is solely employed as a tool to increase the production of O. sativa , which cannot grow in Africa, due to its low yield, lodging, grain breaking, and poor tissue culture ability...
December 31, 2022: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36421001/amenability-of-an-agrobacterium-tumefaciens-mediated-shoot-apical-meristem-targeted-in-planta-transformation-strategy-in-mango-mangifera-indica-l
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kuldeep Pandey, Kesiraju Karthik, Sanjay Kumar Singh, Vinod, Rohini Sreevathsa, Manish Srivastav
Mango ( Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most popular tropical fruits in the world owing to its rich taste, flavor, color, production volume and diverse end usage. Conventional mango breeding practices are unable to withstand the demand for improved varieties as it is time consuming and requires heavy investment. However, problems associated with traditional plant breeding can be curtailed through genetic transformation. Nevertheless, major limitation of transgenic development has been its recalcitrant nature toward tissue culture practices involving latent microbial infection, phenol exudation, etc...
December 31, 2022: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36420791/exploring-the-inhibitory-effect-of-rasff-on-china-eu-trade-of-rice-based-products
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qi Zhang, Ye Shen, Zhiwei Jiang, Xiaona Cheng, Yue Jin, Chengyu Shi
Rice-based products exported from China to Europe have repeatedly encountered technical trade barriers. Using panel data from 24 states of the European Union during 2001-2017, this study builds a theoretical model to investigate the impact of implementation, intensity and structure of the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) on China-EU rice-based product trade. The study found that RASFF has a serious inhibitory effect on the trade of traditional rice-based products because of detecting GM ingredients, showing an obvious lag effect, diffusion effect and structure effect...
December 31, 2022: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36413007/farmers-knowledge-attitudes-and-practices-towards-the-adoption-of-hybrid-rice-production-in-bangladesh-an-pls-sem-approach
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paresh Kumar Sarma, Mohammad Jahangir Alam, Ismat Ara Begum
Although the government policy supports the adoption of hybrid rice in Bangladesh but there is no significant progress has been made over the last decades. The study aimed to determine farmers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of hybrid rice adoption, and the causal relationship between them in Bangladesh. Using a stratified random sampling technique, 244 cross-sectional surveys were done from the Sherpur district of Bangladesh. The descriptive statistics, two-round Delphi method, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) were used to estimate latent variables and identify the causal relationship between KAPs...
December 31, 2022: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36382611/managers-attitudes-toward-gene-editing-technology-and-companies-r-d-investment-in-gene-editing-the-case-of-chinese-seed-companies
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuwei Kang, Haiyan Deng, Carl Pray, Ruifa Hu
The Chinese government has issued a series of new policies to make it easier to industrialize gene-edited crops. However, whether technological advantages will eventually translate into industrial advantages and whether farmers will soon have access to gene-edited varieties partly depends on seed companies' willingness to produce and sell gene-edited varieties to farmers and to invest in developing their own gene-edited varieties. This study utilizes data from a survey of 111 seed companies collected in 2019 before the implementation of new regulations...
December 31, 2022: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36368313/influence-of-genetically-modified-soybean-expressing-epidermal-growth-factor-on-arthropod-biodiversity
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Md Ruhul Amin, Sung-Dug Oh, Mansura Afrose, Soo-Yun Park, Doh-Won Yun, Tae-Hun Ryu, Seong-Kon Lee, Kihun Ha, Eunji Bae, Sera Kang, Chang-Gi Kim, Chang Uk Eun, Young-Kun Kim, Minwook Kim, Dongmin Kim, Donguk Kim, Sang Jae Suh
The field study was undertaken to examine the potential for adverse effects of transgenic soybean expressing bioactive human epidermal growth factor (with tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate, PPT) on the abundance and diversity of plant-dwelling arthropods by comparing with those of a non-GM parental cultivar, Gwangan soybean. Field surveys of soybean fields were carried out over two consecutive years, 2016 and 2017 at Ochang and Jeonju, Korea. The number of captured individuals associated with either of EGF and Gwangan soybean plants increased in 2017 compared with 2016 in both Ochang and Jeonju...
December 31, 2022: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36263889/genetically-modified-gm-late-blight-resistant-potato-and-consumer-attitudes-before-and-after-a-field-visit
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jéssica Bubolz, Patrycja Sleboda, Anna Lehrman, Sven-Ove Hansson, Carl Johan Lagerkvist, Björn Andersson, Marit Lenman, Svante Resjö, Marc Ghislain, Muhammad Awais Zahid, Nam Phuong Kieu, Erik Andreasson
Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans , is the most devastating disease in potato production. Here, we show full late blight resistance in a location with a genetically diverse pathogen population with the use of GM potato stacked with three resistance (R) genes over three seasons. In addition, using this field trials, we demonstrate that in-the-field intervention among consumers led to change for more favorable attitude generally toward GM crops.
December 31, 2022: GM Crops & Food
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36226624/genetically-modified-gm-crop-use-1996-2020-environmental-impacts-associated-with-pesticide-use-change
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Graham Brookes
This paper assesses the environmental impacts associated with changes in pesticide use with GM crops at a global level. The main technologies impacting on pesticide use have been crops modified to be tolerant to specific herbicides so as to facilitate improved weed control and crops resistant to a range of crop insect pests that otherwise damage crops or typically require the application of insecticides to control them. Over the 24 year period examined to 2020, the widespread use of GM insect resistant and herbicide tolerant seed technology has reduced pesticide application by 748...
December 31, 2022: GM Crops & Food
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