Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research

INTRODUCTION: Right ventricular infarction, previously thought to be rare and recently thought to be common, is commonly associated with inferior wall myocardial infarction. We will hereby study the clinical profile of right ventricular infarction (as diagnosed by right precordial electrocardiography) in patients with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction and the clinical course of RV infarction in inferior wall myocardial infarction in terms of complications. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 1...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of erythropoietin on vascular contractility using an in vitro model of hypoxia replicating the hypoxic environment of blood vessels and surrounding adipose tissue in obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pharmacological in vitro studies were carried out on small mesenteric arterial segments from male Wistar rats with and without perivascular fat and endothelium. Contractile responses were investigated by wire myography under normoxia, experimental hypoxia ± erythropoietin and l-NNA...

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Dengue fever is one of the most common vector-borne viral infections in tropical countries. Myocarditis is an uncommon complication of severe dengue fever. Sometimes, dengue myocarditis masquerades as acute myocardial infarction. We report here a case of a 22-year-old female, who presented with acute chest pain five days after the onset of a febrile episode. Initially she was diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction depending on the biochemical and echocardiography evidence. However, later investigation confirmed she was suffering from myocarditis due to dengue fever, which mimicked acute myocardial infarction...

Knotting and kinking of the coronary catheter is one of the complications during diagnostic or interventional procedures. These complications can be tackled percutaneously without subjecting the patient to surgery. We are reporting one such case of catheter knotting and how it was reduced percutaneously.

Ventricular noncompaction has been recognized as a distinct form of rare cardiomyopathy characterized by numerous, prominent ventricular trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses and is caused by a disorder of endomyocardial morphogenesis. Concomitance of either valvular pathologies or complete atrioventricular block with biventricular noncompaction has rarely been reported. Herein, we present a case of 67 years old male presented with syncopal attack and congestive heart failure due to biventricular noncompaction with significant left ventricular dysfunction associated with complete atrioventricular block...

Hydatid cyst (HC) is a human parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. Cardiac involvement is rare and occurs in 0.5%-2% of patients with hydatid cyst, but isolated pericardial hydatid cyst is rarer still. We present two cases of isolated pericardial hydatid cyst who presented with precordial chest pain and dyspnea. In both the cases, HC were diagnosed by transthoracic echo (TTE), Computed Tomography/Magnetic Resonance and positive hydatid serology. Intraoperatively transesophageal echo (TEE) revealed unilocular transitional cystic lesion the transverse pericardial sinus in one case and multilobulated active cystic lesion in another...

A 21-year-old pregnant female of known rheumatic heart disease presented to us for evaluation of central cyanosis during her late pregnancy. Though she was investigated for any associated congenital heart disease or pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, but incidentally she was diagnosed of having acquired methemoglobinemia. Her serum methemoglobin level was 33% which was far above the normal range. Ultimately, she was managed conservatively and delivered through elective caesarean section. Though the delivered baby was lethargic after birth, but later he was improved and discharged...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of mortality among adults in India, and their risk factors (tobacco, hypertension, diabetes, overweight, and obesity) are common. Most risk-factor surveys have focused on young and middle aged adults. We measured the prevalence of risk factors for CVD among elderly (age 60 years or more) in rural India. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a door-to-door cross-sectional survey we did a non-laboratory based assessment of risk factors (smoking or tobacco use in any form, diabetes mellitus, either known or newly detected hypertension, abnormal waist-hip-ratio, or a high body mass index) among elderly living in 23 villages in rural central India...

CONTEXT: Elderly patients have more cardiovascular risk factors and a greater burden of ischemic disease than younger patients. AIMS: To examine the impact of age on clinical presentation and outcomes in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS AND MATERIAL: Collected data from the 2nd Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE-2), which is a prospective multicenter study from six adjacent Arab Middle Eastern Gulf countries...

BACKGROUND: Heart failure is one of the most leading cause of death worldwide, but the mechanical characteristics of the pulmonary system in these patients have not been studied enough. The aim of this study was to measure mechanical pulmonary changes in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) by using impulse oscillometry (IOS), which can obtain data by simpler means and independently from respiratory muscle strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed 24 CHF patients and 24 controls by spirometry and IOS using the Jaeger IOS system...

BACKGROUND: In this prospective study, we aimed to compare the effect of pulsatile and non-pulsatile flow on the cognitive functions in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. METHODS: Patients scheduled for their first coronary artery bypass surgery (n = 148) were randomly assigned to the pulsatile flow group (Group A, n = 75) or non-pulsatil group (Group B, n = 73). Cognitive performance was assessed with (MoCA) montreal cognitive assessment test performed by psychologists before coronary artery bypass surgery and 1 month after the operation...

BACKGROUND: Acute flail mitral valve frequently results in severe mitral regurgitation. However, its clinical presentation can be similar to other disease processes, potentially leading to initial misdiagnosis and a morbid outcome. We sought to analyze baseline characteristics, clinical presentations, time to diagnosis, and in-hospital mortalities of patients with the acute flail mitral valve. METHODS: Two hundred and sixty two consecutive echocardiograms with severe mitral regurgitation performed between February 2005 and October 2010 at the Jack D...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their effects on cardiometabolic risk factors in a representative sample of urban population in Eastern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A population-based survey was conducted among a randomly selected study population aged 20-80 years in an urban population of Berhampur city of Eastern India. Both anthropometric and biochemical information were collected, in addition to detailed information on classical cardiometabolic risk factors...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension (HT) are common diseases in adulthood, pre-disposing to many cardiovascular complications, posing a major public health challenge. Few studies have reported increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and type 2 diabetes in policemen. Hence, this study aims to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, HT, smoking, alcohol intake, and obesity among policemen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2008-2009 among 256 policemen in Puducherry, South India...

CONTEXT: The aim of study was to determine the difference in presentation, risk factors, complications, management and outcome of elderly and young patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Tertiary care center; prospective observational study. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study included 200 consecutive patients with AMI admitted in the ICCU, in a tertiary care center in West India. The group I consisted of 107 patients aged equal to or above 65 years and the group II consisted of 93 patients aged below 65 years...

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular (CV) events that accounts for a significant proportion of mortality among these patients. Anti-CCP antibodies are associated with higher frequency of extra-articular manifestations and poorer outcomes in RA. AIMS: To determine the role of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody as an independent risk factor for developing CV complications as documented by carotid intima medial thickness and abnormal echocardiography in established RA patients...

BACKGROUND: Chest pain is the most common reason for emergency admission to hospital, but the majority of these are due to non-cardiac pain. We sought to determine which combination of clinical features is more likely to predict an undetectable troponin level in patients presenting with chest pain. METHODS: We collected data over a two-month period on consecutive patients presenting acutely to hospital with chest pain and who had a troponin I measured. We recorded basic demographics, risk factors, pain distribution, associated symptoms, physical findings and ECG changes...

BACKGROUND: Wald and law in their landmark paper published in BMJ in 2003 hypothesized that the use of fixed dose combination of statins, beta blockers, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACE) inhibitor, and aspirin (Pollypill) may decrease cardiovascular disease by >80% if Pollypills are used as primary prevention. Many clinical trials were started to test this hypothesis. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the available clinical trials to see the effect of Pollypill on cardiovascular mortality and on other risk factors that linked with increase in cardiovascular events...

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disorder causing hypertension. Endothelial dysfunction appears to underlie development of hypertension. It is not known whether hypoxia during sleep is necessarily the prerequisite process for endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in OSA. We therefore examined the relationship between endothelial-dependent vasodilatory capacity, hypoxia and circulating angiogenesis inhibitors in OSA. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studies 95 subjects with and without OSA and hypertension...