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Introduction: Bilateral inguinal hernia is a distinct entity in the inguinal hernia category. Open and minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of bilateral inguinal hernia have been previously described. If resources and surgeon expertise are available, guidelines recommend laparoscopic repair for this entity. Methods: We analyzed data from 83 patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (total extraperitoneal repair - TEP) of 158 hernias (146 inguinal hernias and 12 other types). Patients had bilateral symptomatic hernias...

Introduction: Myocardial bridges (MB) are congenital anomalies of hearts observed as muscle fibers covering epicardial branches of the coronary artery. The left anterior descending artery (LAD) was found to be commonly showing myocardial bridges (MBs). Clinically, MBs were claimed to cause varied symptomatology. The data on the morphology and prevalence of MBs in fetuses was limited, despite the commonly accepted congenital origin. Material and methods: Fetal hearts obtained from 37 fetuses from the donation program were used...

Mesalazine is a drug used to treat ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and is known to rarely cause lung injury. We show herein a unique case who developed this drug-induced injury. A 17-year-old boy presented with fever and anorexia after administration of mesalazine. Computed tomography showed extensive ground-glass opacities with peripheral distribution in both lungs. He had general weakness, but had no respiratory symptoms such as cough and dyspnea. With prednisolone, which is primarily aimed at controlling ulcerative colitis, the extensive opacity in both lungs were improved...

Background: Platelet-rich fibrin is a second-generation platelet concentrate. It is rich in platelets, cytokines, growth factors and leukocytes. Compared to platelet-rich plasma, it releases growth factors for a more extended amount of time. Methods: A literature review was conducted on the applications of platelet-rich fibrin in otolaryngology. Only articles written in English were further considered for the study; all others were excluded. Also, articles relating to oral and maxillofacial surgery were removed...

Introduction: Until now, there have been few investigations on the efficacy of fosfomycin in the treatment of patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs). The present study is aimed to examine how fosfomycin affects females with lower UTIs. Methods: A total of 200 female patients who visited the women's clinic at Amir-Al-Momenin Hospital between 2020 and 2021 were examined in the present study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 100 people each, with one group receiving fosfomycin (a single 3 g dose) and the other one receiving cephalexin (a five-day regimen at 0...

Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgical activities worldwide. Given the circumstances, understanding and identifying the risk and the protective factors is an essential step in order to prevent, diagnose and treat such a common condition. For a long time, obesity was generally considered to be a risk factor in the occurrence of an inguinal hernia. Studies have provided some unexpected data, suggesting that it might actually be a protective factor. This review aims to provide an overview on this topic, taking into account systemic aspects such as collagen distribution and metabolism...

Nasal masses are a clinical entity with great diversity. They present with various symptoms such as nasal obstruction, facial pain, discomfort, epistaxis, headache, anosmia and visual disturbances. Especially unilateral nasal masses are very suspicious and must be differentiated between benign and malignant lesions. Nasal endoscopy is a weapon in the quiver of otorhinolaryngologists. It is an innovative, quick, direct and inexpensive examination that can be performed even at the otorhinolaryngologist's office...

Introduction: Vitamin D safeguards cardiovascular health by reducing inflammation and susceptibility to atheroma. This study aimed to evaluate the association of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors like body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile with vitamin D. Methods: Patients of both genders aged over 18 years, who underwent coronary angiogram for cardiac symptoms such as chest pain, breathlessness, palpitation, or syncope, were enrolled in the present study. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected...

Objective: Infertility is a complex condition that depends on numerous mechanisms regarding its occurrence and evolution. It does not appear as a single pathology, and therefore the diagnosis and management involve both the identification of etiological causes and other possible systemic interactions. Infertility is defined as a succession of unsuccessful attempts of unprotected intercourse within a couple for 12 months, during the reproductive life. Among the many causes related to infertility, uterine pathology has an important place and hysteroscopy is outstanding in diagnosing and treating various pathologies in this category...

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We describe the case of a male patient who remarkably survived two severe cardiovascular events: ascending aortic dissection and descending aortic dissection two years later. Later, the third occurrence of aortic dissection, this time involving the abdominal aorta, became an absolute nightmare for the patient, progressively being complicated by periaortic hematoma and severe anemia - events that ultimately led to his death.

Background: Despite the disadvantaged position of central adrenergic drugs (CAD) in the current therapeutic regimens of hypertensive patients, we hypothesized that the addition of the most recent representatives of this class - I1-imidazoline agonists (CAD-I1A) - to the usually recommended drugs might contribute to better blood pressure (BP) control. Method: This multicentric observational prospective study included patients with BP . 140/90 mm Hg who were using at least two antihypertensive drugs and were reassessed at three months apart in 44 urban medical centers...

Background: Pregnancy induces a cascade of hemodynamic changes that are likely to affect the maternal systemic and ocular circulation. Objective: The current study aimed to investigate retinal microvasculature alterations in women with preterm and full-term pregnancy using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Design: This was a cross-sectional, comparative, single-center study. Methods: The present study included 21 women with preterm pregnancy, who were in the early postpartum period, and 18 controls with full-term pregnancy...

Introduction: Cilostazol is a selective cyclic inhibitor of the 3-phosphodiesterase type (PDE3) that is recommended to be administered in cases of symptomatic peripheral vascular disease (YEI). It was discovered as a chemical compound in the 1980s, in Takao Nishi laboratory in Japan. Objective: The purpose of the present review was to evaluate the efficacy of cilostazol administration in a YEI with intermittent claudication or moderate to severe lower extremity ischemia. Materials and methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out where articles were searched in the international database PubMed...

Background: Palmar hyperhidrosis, a condition characterized by excessive sweating in the palms, considerably impacts the quality of life (QoL). Although various treatment modalities are available, the efficacy and safety of Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) needed further investigation. Methods: We conducted a literature review, with open-label, controlled trial, double-blind placebo-controlled and observational designs being eligible for inclusion, according to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: All the six selected studies consistently reported the efficacy of BTX-A in reducing symptoms of hyperhidrosis, without significant side effects...

Background: Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is the most studied oral potentially malignant disorders in the scientific literature. Its malignant transformation (MT) rate varies between 1.1% and 40.8%, depending on the type of study and population group studied. There is no universal agreement to treat or manage these lesions, so it is up to each clinician's experience and expertise in how he/she manages these patients. Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the clinical aspects and pattern of evolution of OLK in 30 patients five years or more after the initial diagnosis...

Introduction: Severe aortic stenosis is often associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Elevated left ventricular mass (LVM) is linked to higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Traditionally, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) has been the standard treatment, but transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) offers an alternative for high-risk surgical patients. Understanding how these interventions affect left ventricular mass regression is crucial. Materials and methods: This retrospective study analyzed 315 patients treated between December 2014 and December 2022, categorizing them into surgical and transcatheter treatment groups...

Introduction: Vitiligo is a common form of localized depigmentation and an important public health problem which affects around one percent of the global population and about two percent of the population in India. The present study aimed to document the results and side effects of non-cultured melanocyte transplant in patients with stable vitiligo without post-procedure use of NB UVB. Methods: The present study was a prospective interventional study conducted among patients with stable vitiligo who were attending the outpatient department (OPD) of dermatology of a tertiary center of Delhi...

Background and purpose: Since pain control in dental treatments, including root canal treatment, is challenging, and no study has measured the appropriate pattern of Anaheal Plus drug consumption in reducing pain after root canal treatment, in this study the appropriate pattern of taking Anaheal Plus drug in reducing pain after root canal treatment was evaluated. Material and methods: The present study examined maxillary and mandibular molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Patients were divided into three groups: A) Anaheal Plus capsule; B) control; and C) ibuprofen...

Objective: A sizable fraction of young people with active sex lives do not utilize contraceptives and engage in high-risk sexual activity. School-based programs can prevent sexual activity, encourage birth control and reduce high-risk behavior. A survey was conducted to assess the key sources of knowledge on sexual education and document attitudes and methods of contraception used by Greek students, providing valuable information for expanding contraceptive services. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by using an online questionnaire which was distributed to 206 digital student groups on social media platforms from May 20 to June 5, 2021...