International Journal of Pediatrics

Iron deficiency anaemia is still a global public health concern with the highest burden among children 6 to 23 months due to their rapid growth spurt exceeding breastmilk supply. Therefore, nutritional supply is a key source of iron to attain the required nutrients for better growth and development. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study done at Ishaka Adventist Hospital (IAH) and Kampala International University Teaching Hospital (KIUTH) from April to July 2022. Participants were consecutively enrolled in the study...

The primary purpose of newborn screening for sickle cell disease is to diagnose the disease before the appearance of symptoms and to initiate early treatment. To answer the question "What genetic information needs to be communicated to parents when newborn screening reveals the presence of a sickle cell trait," we conducted a survey using a self-administered online questionnaire. We received responses from 122 healthcare workers and members of sickle cell disease associations, in France and French overseas departments...

BACKGROUND: Peer learning has been recognized for its effectiveness in health professional education. However, its effects on clinical research education are not clear and were explored qualitatively in this study. METHODS: The peer-learning method was implemented in a clinical research education seminar for early-career physicians at a children's and mothers' hospital in 2019. We conducted semistructured interviews with participants about peer-learning experience and qualitatively analyzed verbatim transcripts using Engeström's "activity theory" framework...

BACKGROUND: Respiratory difficulties are a common concern in preterm infants, and they can lead to long-term health problems. Few studies have investigated the use of spectral analysis as a biomarker to quantify respiration patterns in preterm infants. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of using spectral analysis of heart rate variability as a biomarker for the quantification of respiratory patterns in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants compared to direct observation...

BACKGROUND: Congenital heart disease (CHD) remains the number one birth defect worldwide. Pulse oximetry screening (POS) is a widely used CHD screening modality effective in detecting critical lesions. This study is aimed at assessing the accuracy and cost-effectiveness of POS in a cohort of term well-babies admitted to a regular nursery in a tertiary care center. METHODS: We reviewed the charts of term babies admitted to our regular nursery over a period of one year...

AIM: This scoping review is aimed at systematically mapping the evidence on palliative extubation in the pediatric intensive care unit. METHODS: MEDLINE, EBSCO, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles published between January 2018 and December 2022, in English. Critical appraisal of sources of evidence was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews were followed. RESULTS: Six studies were included, with 366 patients, from the USA ( n = 4), Brazil ( n = 1), and Germany ( n = 1)...

With medical advancements and improvements in medical technology, an increasing number of children with chronic conditions survive into adulthood. There is accordant growing interest toward supporting adolescents throughout the transition from paediatric to adult care. However, there is currently a paucity of research focusing on the role that these patients' parents should play during and after the transition to adult care and if maintained parental involvement is beneficial during this transition within a North American context...

BACKGROUND: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common food allergy in infants and young children and may be a risk factor for feeding difficulties. Studies exploring feeding difficulties and feeding behaviors in Thai children with CMPA are scarce. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of feeding difficulties and feeding behaviors in Thai children with CMPA compared to healthy controls. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed comparing children aged 1-6 years old diagnosed with CMPA and had eliminated cow's milk for at least 4 months with age-matched healthy children...

BACKGROUND: Neonatal sepsis is a significant contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is more prevalent in developing countries. Thus, understanding the risk factors for neonatal sepsis is critical to minimizing the incidence of infection, particularly in Ethiopia. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for neonatal sepsis in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units of public hospitals in Southeast Ethiopia in 2020. METHOD: An institution-based, retrospective unmatched case-control study was conducted on 97 cases and 194 controls in neonatal intensive care units of public hospitals in Southeast Ethiopia...

BACKGROUND: The impact of COVID-19 on the neonatal population is still mysterious. This study is aimed at reporting the prevalence of COVID-19 and its clinical characteristics and outcomes among neonates in Iran. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort including 25 neonates who had COVID-19 infection confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Based on neonates' hospitalization records, data regarding neonatal and maternal characteristics and clinical and paraclinical findings were extracted...

About 10% of newborns require some degree of assistance to begin their breathing, and 1% necessitates extensive resuscitation. Sick neonates are exposed to a number of invasive life-saving procedures as part of their management, either for investigation or for treatment. In order to support the neonates with the maximum possible benefits and reduce iatrogenic morbidity, health-care providers performing these procedures must be familiar with their indications, measurements, and potential complications. Hence, the aim of this review is to summarise ten of the main neonatal intensive care procedures with highlighting of their indications, measurements, and complications...

INTRODUCTION: Children are most often harmed by acute poisoning, which may cause disability or even death. This demonstrates the critical necessity for epidemiologic studies specific to each nation and area since they aid in developing plans for the prevention of acute poisoning. There are no data or outdated data on acute poisoning in children in Vietnam. This research would partly fill this existing gap and compare the trend with other places across the globe. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in the 10-year period from 2012 to 2021 in Haiphong Children's Hospital, Vietnam...

BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression is a serious mental health issue linked to maternal morbidity and negative effects for infant's normal growth, development, and well-being. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with postpartum depression among mothers attending a tertiary hospital in Nepal. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 173 postpartum mothers (<6 weeks postdelivery) who were receiving care either at the postnatal ward or immunization clinic of Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital in Bhairahawa, Rupandehi district, Nepal...

BACKGROUND: Acute malnutrition is a major public health challenge among children globally. The burden is high in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Different reports and literatures revealed different risk factors of acute malnutrition in different geographical areas, but there were regional variations. So, the main aim of this study was to identify determinants of acute malnutrition among under-five children in governmental health facilities of Sodo town, Southern Ethiopia. METHODS: An institutional-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from February 1 to March 1, 2021...

BACKGROUND: Malaria remains one of the leading health problems of the developing world, and acute kidney injury (AKI) is a well-recognized complication of severe malaria in adults; but the clinical importance of AKI in paediatric severe malaria is not well documented. Knowledge of the prevalence and factors associated with AKI among children with severe malaria is among the key strategies, which can help to reduce the burden of AKI among this vulnerable group. Methodology . A hospital-based prospective cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study of children with severe malaria was carried out at Kiryandongo General Hospital...

INTRODUCTION: Acute diarrhea caused by group A rotavirus (RVA) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally in children less than 5 years old. Acute diarrhea caused by RVA is often manifested by loose/watery stool leading to different degrees of dehydration. The detection of risk factors, diagnosis, and prompt treatment of acute diarrhea caused by RVA is critical. We aimed to describe clinical epidemiological features of acute diarrhea caused by RVA and its associated risk factors...

BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects are a type of congenital anomaly caused by an abnormality in the development of the brain and spinal cord during embryogenesis. They cause high rates of mortality, morbidity, and lifelong disability. There are several studies carried out worldwide reporting different findings on the burden and associated factors. The aim of this study is to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the burden of neural tube defects and their associated factors in Africa...

OBJECTIVE: To identify beliefs and knowledge about tummy time (TT) practice and its repercussions on motor development. METHODS: Longitudinal study carried out with parents/caregivers of infants older than 30 days of life. Two assessments were performed. A structured interview was conducted, while the babies were between one and six months old to identify beliefs, knowledge about TT, and the motor milestone achievement expected for the age. At six to 12 months, the risk of motor development delay was tracked using the survey of well-being of young infant questionnaire (SWYC)...

Following reports of increased new-onset diabetes and worse severity of DKA for children with diabetes following SARS-CoV-2 infection, we studied hospitalization rates for children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in our center during the citywide shutdown. Methods . We conducted a retrospective chart review of children admitted to our two hospitals from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020. We included ICD-10 codes for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS), and hyperglycemia only...

OBJECTIVES: This review addresses the microscopic features of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgA nephropathy), its prognostic variables in children, and measures to which extent these features and variables differ from adults. Furthermore, it describes the extent of this disease process among children in Saudi Arabia and the rest of the Arab countries and compares it with the data from the West and the Far East. METHOD: All the original work described the histological features of pediatric IgA nephropathy, and studies involved in developing the prognostic classification of IgA nephropathy, Oxford Classification, were reviewed...