journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37929054/gabaergic-signaling-in-alcohol-use-disorder-and-withdrawal-pathological-involvement-and-therapeutic-potential
#21
REVIEW
Ravinder Naik Dharavath, Celeste Pina-Leblanc, Victor M Tang, Matthew E Sloan, Yuliya S Nikolova, Peter Pangarov, Anthony C Ruocco, Kevin Shield, Daphne Voineskos, Daniel M Blumberger, Isabelle Boileau, Nikki Bozinoff, Philip Gerretsen, Erica Vieira, Osnat C Melamed, Etienne Sibille, Lena C Quilty, Thomas D Prevot
Alcohol is one of the most widely used substances. Alcohol use accounts for 5.1% of the global disease burden, contributes substantially to societal and economic costs, and leads to approximately 3 million global deaths yearly. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) includes various drinking behavior patterns that lead to short-term or long-lasting effects on health. Ethanol, the main psychoactive molecule acting in alcoholic beverages, directly impacts the GABAergic system, contributing to GABAergic dysregulations that vary depending on the intensity and duration of alcohol consumption...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37841894/echinoderm-radial-glia-in-adult-cell-renewal-indeterminate-growth-and-regeneration
#22
REVIEW
Vladimir Mashanov, Soji Ademiluyi, Denis Jacob Machado, Robert Reid, Daniel Janies
Echinoderms are a phylum of marine deterostomes with a range of interesting biological features. One remarkable ability is their impressive capacity to regenerate most of their adult tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). The research community has accumulated data that demonstrates that, in spite of the pentaradial adult body plan, echinoderms share deep similarities with their bilateral sister taxa such as hemichordates and chordates. Some of the new data reveal the complexity of the nervous system in echinoderms...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37841893/potential-for-host-symbiont-communication-via-neurotransmitters-and-neuromodulators-in-an-aneural-animal-the-marine-sponge-amphimedon-queenslandica
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xueyan Xiang, Arturo A Vilar Gomez, Simone P Blomberg, Huifang Yuan, Bernard M Degnan, Sandie M Degnan
Interkingdom signalling within a holobiont allows host and symbionts to communicate and to regulate each other's physiological and developmental states. Here we show that a suite of signalling molecules that function as neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in most animals with nervous systems, specifically dopamine and trace amines, are produced exclusively by the bacterial symbionts of the demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica . Although sponges do not possess a nervous system, A. queenslandica expresses rhodopsin class G-protein-coupled receptors that are structurally similar to dopamine and trace amine receptors...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37841892/local-and-long-range-gabaergic-circuits-in-hippocampal-area-ca1-and-their-link-to-alzheimer-s-disease
#24
REVIEW
Melissa Hernández-Frausto, Olesia M Bilash, Arjun V Masurkar, Jayeeta Basu
GABAergic inhibitory neurons are the principal source of inhibition in the brain. Traditionally, their role in maintaining the balance of excitation-inhibition has been emphasized. Beyond homeostatic functions, recent circuit mapping and functional manipulation studies have revealed a wide range of specific roles that GABAergic circuits play in dynamically tilting excitation-inhibition coupling across spatio-temporal scales. These span from gating of compartment- and input-specific signaling, gain modulation, shaping input-output functions and synaptic plasticity, to generating signal-to-noise contrast, defining temporal windows for integration and rate codes, as well as organizing neural assemblies, and coordinating inter-regional synchrony...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37811482/corticospinal-excitability-after-5-day-dry-immersion-in-women
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inna Nosikova, Alexandra Riabova, Vladimir Kitov, Elena Tomilovskaya
In light of the development of manned astronautics and the increasing participation of women in space flights, the question of female body adaptation to microgravity conditions becomes relevant. Currently, one of the important directions in this issue is to study the effects of support withdrawal as a factor of weightlessness on the human sensorimotor system. Dry Immersion is one of the well-known ground-based models, which adequately reproduces the main physiological effects of space flight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in motor evoked potentials of the lower leg gravity-dependent muscles in women after a 5-day Dry Immersion...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37779671/interneuron-odyssey-molecular-mechanisms-of-tangential-migration
#26
REVIEW
Ikram Toudji, Asmaa Toumi, Émile Chamberland, Elsa Rossignol
Cortical GABAergic interneurons are critical components of neural networks. They provide local and long-range inhibition and help coordinate network activities involved in various brain functions, including signal processing, learning, memory and adaptative responses. Disruption of cortical GABAergic interneuron migration thus induces profound deficits in neural network organization and function, and results in a variety of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders including epilepsy, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37746552/ultrastructural-and-immunocytochemical-evidence-of-a-colonial-nervous-system-in-hydroids
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Igor A Kosevich
BACKGROUND: As the sister group to all Bilateria, representatives of the phylum Cnidaria (sea anemones, corals, jellyfishes, and hydroids) possess a recognizable and well-developed nervous system and have attracted considerable attention over the years from neurobiologists and evo-devo researchers. Despite a long history of nervous system investigation in Cnidaria, most studies have been performed on unitary organisms. However, the majority of cnidarians are colonial (modular) organisms with unique and specific features of development and function...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37736398/template-mri-scans-reliably-approximate-individual-and-group-level-tes-and-tms-electric-fields-induced-in-motor-and-prefrontal-circuits
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer Y Cho, Sybren Van Hoornweder, Christopher T Sege, Michael U Antonucci, Lisa M McTeague, Kevin A Caulfield
BACKGROUND: Electric field (E-field) modeling is a valuable method of elucidating the cortical target engagement from transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), but it is typically dependent on individual MRI scans. In this study, we systematically tested whether E-field models in template MNI-152 and Ernie scans can reliably approximate group-level E-fields induced in N = 195 individuals across 5 diagnoses (healthy, alcohol use disorder, tobacco use disorder, anxiety, depression)...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37731745/editorial-neural-circuits-underlying-general-anesthetics-mediated-consciousness-changes
#29
EDITORIAL
Cheng Zhou
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37731744/multisite-rtms-combined-with-cognitive-training-modulates-effective-connectivity-in-patients-with-alzheimer-s-disease
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanyuan Qin, Li Ba, Fengxia Zhang, Si Jian, Tian Tian, Min Zhang, Wenzhen Zhu
PURPOSE: To investigate the effective connectivity (EC) changes after multisite repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with cognitive training (COG). METHOD: We selected 51 patients with mild or moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and delivered 10 Hz rTMS over the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the lateral temporal lobe (LTL) combined with COG or sham stimulation for 4 weeks. The selected AD patients were divided into real (real rTMS+COG, n = 11) or sham (sham rTMS+COG, n = 8) groups to undergo neuropsychological assessment, resting-state fMRI, and 3D brain structural imaging before (T0), immediately at the end of treatment (T4), and 4 weeks after treatment (T8)...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37720921/anatomical-identification-of-a-corticocortical-top-down-recipient-inhibitory-circuitry-by-enhancer-restricted-transsynaptic-tracing
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yusuke Atsumi, Yasuhiro Oisi, Maya Odagawa, Chie Matsubara, Yoshihito Saito, Hiroyuki Uwamori, Kenta Kobayashi, Shigeki Kato, Kazuto Kobayashi, Masanori Murayama
Despite the importance of postsynaptic inhibitory circuitry targeted by mid/long-range projections (e.g., top-down projections) in cognitive functions, its anatomical properties, such as laminar profile and neuron type, are poorly understood owing to the lack of efficient tracing methods. To this end, we developed a method that combines conventional adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated transsynaptic tracing with a distal-less homeobox (Dlx) enhancer-restricted expression system to label postsynaptic inhibitory neurons...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37711343/linking-neural-circuits-to-the-mechanics-of-animal-behavior-in-drosophila-larval-locomotion
#32
REVIEW
Hiroshi Kohsaka
The motions that make up animal behavior arise from the interplay between neural circuits and the mechanical parts of the body. Therefore, in order to comprehend the operational mechanisms governing behavior, it is essential to examine not only the underlying neural network but also the mechanical characteristics of the animal's body. The locomotor system of fly larvae serves as an ideal model for pursuing this integrative approach. By virtue of diverse investigation methods encompassing connectomics analysis and quantification of locomotion kinematics, research on larval locomotion has shed light on the underlying mechanisms of animal behavior...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37711342/editorial-the-fruit-fly-drosophila-as-a-tool-to-unravel-locomotor-circuits
#33
EDITORIAL
Wolfgang Stein
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37701071/lumbar-v3-interneurons-provide-direct-excitatory-synaptic-input-onto-thoracic-sympathetic-preganglionic-neurons-linking-locomotor-and-autonomic-spinal-systems
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Camila Chacon, Chioma V Nwachukwu, Narjes Shahsavani, Kristine C Cowley, Jeremy W Chopek
Although sympathetic autonomic systems are activated in parallel with locomotion, the neural mechanisms mediating this coordination are incompletely understood. Sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs), primarily located in the intermediate laminae of thoracic and upper lumbar segments (T1-L2), increase activation of tissues and organs that provide homeostatic and metabolic support during movement and exercise. Recent evidence suggests integration between locomotor and autonomic nuclei occurs within the brainstem, initiating both descending locomotor and sympathetic activation commands...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37671039/toward-personalized-circuit-based-closed-loop-brain-interventions-in-psychiatry-using-symptom-provocation-to-extract-eeg-markers-of-brain-circuit-activity
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brigitte Zrenner, Christoph Zrenner, Nicholas Balderston, Daniel M Blumberger, Stefan Kloiber, Judith M Laposa, Reza Tadayonnejad, Alisson Paulino Trevizol, Gwyneth Zai, Jamie D Feusner
Symptom provocation is a well-established component of psychiatric research and therapy. It is hypothesized that specific activation of those brain circuits involved in the symptomatic expression of a brain pathology makes the relevant neural substrate accessible as a target for therapeutic interventions. For example, in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), symptom provocation is an important part of psychotherapy and is also performed prior to therapeutic brain stimulation with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37663891/nourishing-the-brain-on-deep-space-missions-nutritional-psychiatry-in-promoting-resilience
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nihar N Pathare, Flavia Fayet-Moore, Jennifer A Fogarty, Felice N Jacka, Philip Strandwitz, Gary E Strangman, Dorit B Donoviel
The grueling psychological demands of a journey into deep space coupled with ever-increasing distances away from home pose a unique problem: how can we best take advantage of the benefits of fresh foods in a place that has none? Here, we consider the biggest challenges associated with our current spaceflight food system, highlight the importance of supporting optimal brain health on missions into deep space, and discuss evidence about food components that impact brain health. We propose a future food system that leverages the gut microbiota that can be individually tailored to best support the brain and mental health of crews on deep space long-duration missions...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37645568/profiling-neurotransmitter-evoked-glial-responses-by-rna-sequencing-analysis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengxiao Wang, Margaret S Ho
Fundamental properties of neurons and glia are distinctively different. Neurons are excitable cells that transmit information, whereas glia have long been considered as passive bystanders. Recently, the concept of tripartite synapse is proposed that glia are structurally and functionally incorporated into the synapse, the basic unit of information processing in the brains. It has then become intriguing how glia actively communicate with the presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments to influence the signal transmission...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37614244/editorial-naturalistic-neuroscience-towards-a-full-cycle-from-lab-to-field
#38
EDITORIAL
Susanne Hoffmann, M Jerome Beetz, Anna Stöckl, Karen A Mesce
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37564629/distinctive-features-of-the-central-synaptic-organization-of-drosophila-larval-proprioceptors
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marie R Greaney, Chris C Wreden, Ellie S Heckscher
Proprioceptive feedback is critically needed for locomotor control, but how this information is incorporated into central proprioceptive processing circuits remains poorly understood. Circuit organization emerges from the spatial distribution of synaptic connections between neurons. This distribution is difficult to discern in model systems where only a few cells can be probed simultaneously. Therefore, we turned to a relatively simple and accessible nervous system to ask: how are proprioceptors' input and output synapses organized in space, and what principles underlie this organization? Using the Drosophila larval connectome, we generated a map of the input and output synapses of 34 proprioceptors in several adjacent body segments (5-6 left-right pairs per segment)...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37554670/differential-projections-from-the-cochlear-nucleus-to-the-inferior-colliculus-in-the-mouse
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David K Ryugo, Giedre Milinkeviciute
The cochlear nucleus (CN) is often regarded as the gateway to the central auditory system because it initiates all ascending pathways. The CN consists of dorsal and ventral divisions (DCN and VCN, respectively), and whereas the DCN functions in the analysis of spectral cues, circuitry in VCN is part of the pathway focused on processing binaural information necessary for sound localization in horizontal plane. Both structures project to the inferior colliculus (IC), which serves as a hub for the auditory system because pathways ascending to the forebrain and descending from the cerebral cortex converge there to integrate auditory, motor, and other sensory information...
2023: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
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