journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428372/loss-of-a-grooming-enrichment-impacts-physical-behavioural-and-physiological-measures-of-welfare-in-grazing-beef-cattle
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily J Dickson, Jessica E Monk, Caroline Lee, Paul G McDonald, Edward Narayan, Dana L M Campbell
Pasture-based beef cattle are raised in a range of production environments. Some paddocks may contain trees and other objects that allow for grooming, hence being naturally enriching, whilst others may be barren without these opportunities. Additionally, it is not uncommon for cattle to move between these enriched and barren environments as part of routine management. While the benefits of enrichment are well studied, how this 'enrichment loss' impacts cattle welfare as access to stimuli is removed is unknown...
February 1, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38417215/heritability-and-genetic-correlations-of-rumination-time-with-milk-yield-and-milking-traits-in-holstein-friesian-cows-using-an-automated-milking-system
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Sitkowska, H M Yüksel, D Piwczyński, H Önder
Knowledge of the values of genetic parameters is a prerequisite for conducting a breeding program. This is especially important for rumination, which is considered an indicator of cow's health. Exploring the genetic relations between rumination time, milk yield, and milking traits could make it a valuable tool in dairy cattle breeding strategies. The objective of the research was to estimate heritability, repeatability, and genetic and phenotypic correlations of rumination time (RT), as well as traits associated with milk yield and milking of dairy cows of the Polish Holstein-Friesian breed kept in herds equipped with an automatic milking system...
February 1, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38412781/effect-of-light-intensity-on-behaviour-health-and-growth-of-growing-finishing-pigs
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A J Scaillierez, S E van Nieuwamerongen-de Koning, I J M M Boumans, P P J van der Tol, S K Schnabel, E A M Bokkers
The effect of light intensity has been explored in relation to endocrine functions and reproduction in pigs, but effects on health and behaviour are scarcely documented. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different light intensities on behaviour, health and growth of growing-finishing pigs. An experiment was conducted on a commercial farm equipped with light-emitting diode-based luminaires creating four light intensity treatments: low (45 lux), medium (198 lux), high (968 lux) and spatial gradient of intensity (from 71 lux to 330 lux)...
February 1, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401327/behavioural-responses-related-to-increasing-core-body-temperature-of-grazing-dairy-cows-experiencing-moderate-heat-stress
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Pontiggia, A Münger, L Eggerschwiler, M Holinger, D Stucki, S Ammer, R M Bruckmaier, F Dohme-Meier, N M Keil
Exposure to direct solar radiation, high ambient temperature, lack of wind movement, coupled with own metabolic heat production, makes grazing dairy cows vulnerable to heat stress. In pastures, it would be beneficial to monitor heat stress by observable changes in behaviour. We hypothesised that grazing dairy cows exhibit behavioural changes due to increasing heat load in temperate climate. Over two consecutive summers, 38 full-time grazing Holstein dairy cows were investigated in 12 experimental periods of up to 3 consecutive days where the cows were repeatedly exposed to various levels of moderate heat load determined by the comprehensive climate index (CCI)...
February 1, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377811/high-throughput-phenotyping-to-characterise-range-use-behaviour-in-broiler-chickens
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julie M Collet, Claire Bonnefous, Karine Germain, Laure Ravon, Ludovic Calandreau, Vanessa Guesdon, Anne Collin, Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval, Sandrine Mignon-Grasteau
A key characteristic of free-range chicken farming is to enable chickens to spend time outdoors. However, each chicken may use the available areas for roaming in variable ways. To check if, and how, broilers use their outdoor range at an individual level, we need to reliably characterise range use behaviour. Traditional methods relying on visual scans require significant time investment and only provide discontinuous information. Passive RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) systems enable tracking individually tagged chickens' when they go through pop-holes; hence, they only provide partial information on the movements of individual chickens...
February 1, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377810/ad-libitum-feeding-systems-for-lactating-sows-effects-on-productivity-and-welfare-of-sows-and-piglets
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah C Gorr, Christine Leeb, Werner Zollitsch, Christoph Winckler, Thomas D Parsons
The nutritional requirements of sows change during lactation and thus require adapted and dynamic feeding regimes that consider the sows' behavioral needs and production traits. The present study evaluated the effect of four different feeding systems on productivity and aspects of the welfare of 61 sows and their piglets during lactation. A non-ad libitum system (CON) was compared with two computer-monitored (COMP, COMP + ) ad libitum feeding systems, that allowed sows to access feed via displacement of an electronic sensor, as well as a third purely mechanical ad libitum feeding system (MECH)...
February 1, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367311/short-communication-temporal-profiles-of-colostrum-and-milk-haptoglobin-and-substance-p-in-early-lactation-multiparous-holstein-cows
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S J Hendriks, E Santillan-Urquiza, A Valldecabres, A S Hancock, L Dalton, L Boyle, B O'Brien
Milk markers have the potential to aid in the detection of cow disease in early lactation if the automation of milk analysis becomes commonplace. Characterising temporal profiles of milk markers in dairy cows will improve the understanding of basal concentrations in clinically healthy cows. The objective of this observational study was to characterise the variation and temporal profiles of colostrum and milk haptoglobin (Hp) and substance P concentrations within 21 days postcalving in clinically healthy multiparous Holstein dairy cows...
February 1, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401328/behavioural-variability-physical-activity-rumination-time-and-milk-characteristics-of-dairy-cattle-in-response-to-regrouping
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J L Marumo, D Lusseau, J R Speakman, M Mackie, A Y Byar, W Cartwright, C Hambly
In the commercial dairy industry worldwide, it is common practice to periodically regroup cows as part of their management strategy within housed systems. While this animal husbandry practice is intended to improve management efficiency, cows may experience social stress as a result of the social environment changes, which may have an impact on their behavioural patterns, performance, and welfare. We investigated whether regrouping altered dairy cows' behaviour and impacted their cortisol concentration (a physiological marker of stress), oxytocin, milk yield, and quality in a robotic milking system...
January 30, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377814/novel-phenotypes-of-feeding-and-social-behaviour-and-their-relationship-with-individual-rabbit-growth-and-feed-efficiency
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Piles, M Mora, I Kyriazakis, L Tusell, M Pascual, J P Sánchez
Due to the lack of a recording system for individual consumption of group-housed rabbits, published studies about feeding behaviour are based on information recorded at the group- and not at the individual level and periods covering only a few days or, in some cases, only part of a day. Such information could be used to inform rabbit management systems but cannot be used for genetic selection. We aimed to generate and use information from a novel automated feeder for group-housed rabbits to identify new phenotypes for individual animals that could be incorporated into breeding programs to improve feed efficiency and social behaviour under different feeding regimens...
January 30, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377813/use-of-fidget-and-drinking-behaviour-in-combination-with-facial-infrared-thermography-for-diagnosis-of-bovine-respiratory-disease-in-a-spontaneous-model
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H J Perez Marquez, A L Schaefer, C J Bench
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a highly prevalent multi pathogen infectious disease (70-80%) in newly received feedlot cattle, causing significant economic losses and reduced animal welfare. Current BRD diagnosis involves stressful and invasive methods that can increase the incidence and transmission of BRD. An alternative is the use of an automated infrared thermography (IR) platform that can monitor facial temperature and behaviour traits to diagnose BRD in a non-invasive manner. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of fidget and drinking behaviours in conjunction with facial temperature as method of BRD diagnosis in beef calves...
January 30, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377812/positive-selection-footprints-and-haplotype-distribution-in-the-genome-of-dromedary-camels
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Bahbahani, A Alfoudari, A Al-Ateeqi, M Al Abri, F Almathen
Dromedary camels are a domestic species characterized by various adaptive traits. Limited efforts have been employed toward identifying genetic regions and haplotypes under selection that might be related to such adaptations. These genetic elements are considered valuable sources that should be conserved to maintain the dromedaries' adaptability. Here, we have analyzed whole genome sequences of 40 dromedary camels from different Arabian Peninsula populations to assess their genetic relationship and define regions with signatures of selection...
January 30, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377809/effect-of-extended-heat-stress-in-dairy-cows-on-productive-and-behavioral-traits
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Lovarelli, Giulietta Minozzi, Alon Arazi, Marcella Guarino, Francesco Tiezzi
This study evaluates the response of dairy cows to short and extended heat stressing conditions (from 1 to 28 days), as expressed in changes in their behavior. Due to climate change, heat stress and strong heat waves are frequently affecting the productivity and behavior of dairy cows. In the five years under study from 2018 to 2022, two were characterized by extremely strong heat waves occurring in the region analyzed in this study (Northern Italy). The dairy cattle farm involved in this study is located in Northern Italy and includes about 1 600 Holstein Friesian lactating dairy cows...
January 30, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377808/grassgro-tm-simulation-of-pasture-animal-performance-and-greenhouse-emissions-on-low-and-high-sheep-productivity-grazing-systems-1-year-validation-and-25-year-analysis
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M J McPhee, C Edwards, S Harden, T Naylor, F A Phillips, C Guppy, R S Hegarty
Globally, there is a focus on reducing the absolute methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide emissions, and the emissions intensity (EI, kg CO2 e/kg animal product) of livestock production. Increasing the productivity of mixed pasture systems has the potential to increase food (e.g., lamb) and textile fibre (e.g., wool) production while reducing the EI of those products from grazing livestock. The objective of this study was to quantify the differences in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and EI between sheep on Low (i...
January 26, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364657/effects-of-socialising-piglets-on-sow-and-piglet-performance-and-behaviour-of-entire-male-piglets
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Rydhmer, K Andersson
Entire male pigs show more aggressive behaviour and mounting than female pigs. By sorting growing pigs into male and female pens, at least half of the pigs are protected from the aggressive behaviour and mounting of the entire males. Mixing of unknown pigs provokes them to perform such behaviours which increase the risk for injuries. The idea behind socialising piglets is to create groups of piglets from several litters that become familiar with each other and thus show less aggressive behaviour and mounting later, when housed together after weaning...
January 26, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364656/short-communication-accuracy-of-whole-genome-sequence-imputation-in-angus-cattle-using-within-breed-and-multi-breed-reference-populations
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
N Kamprasert, H Aliloo, J H J van der Werf, S A Clark
Genotype imputation is a standard approach used in the field of genetics. It can be used to fill in missing genotypes or to increase genotype density. Accurate imputed genotypes are required for downstream analyses. In this study, the accuracy of whole-genome sequence imputation for Angus beef cattle was examined using two different ways to form the reference panel, a within-breed reference population and a multi breed reference population. A stepwise imputation was conducted by imputing medium-density (50k) genotypes to high-density, and then to the whole genome sequence (WGS)...
January 26, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377807/effects-of-group-size-on-agonistic-interactions-in-dairy-cows-a-descriptive-study
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph Krahn, Borbala Foris, Kehan Sheng, Daniel M Weary, Marina A G von Keyserlingk
Group-housed cattle may engage in agonistic interactions over resources such as feed, which can negatively affect aspects of welfare. Little is known about how contextual factors such as group size influence agonistic behaviour. We explored the frequency of agonistic interactions at the feeder when cattle were housed in different-sized groups. We also explored the consistency of the directionality of agonistic interactions in dyads and of the number of agonistic interactions initiated by individuals across the group sizes...
January 24, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367312/impact-of-48-h-water-and-feed-deprivation-and-hydroxychloride-sources-of-copper-and-zinc-on-the-metabolism-and-performance-of-grazing-nellore-cattle-during-the-dry-period
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M J I Abreu, I A Cidrini, I M Ferreira, L H C Batista, G H M Bisio, M Q S França, I A Reis, A N Rodrigues, A C M Queiroz, J M C Neto, D B Araújo, M A F Porcionato, F D Resende, G R Siqueira
Procedures such as transport and marketing can subject animals to water and feed deprivation and impair animal health and performance. Maintaining the mineral status of animals under these conditions can bring benefits to health and performance. The use of hydroxychloride mineral sources can improve mineral status, nutrient digestibility and performance. Two studies were conducted to investigate how the supplementation of 02 trace mineral sources of Cu and Zn and 48-hour water/feed deprivation would affect the performance and metabolism of grass-fed beef cattle...
January 24, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364655/multifaceted-analysis-of-temporal-and-spatial-distribution-and-risk-factors-of-global-poultry-hpai-h5n1-2005-2023
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuepeng Li, Qi An, Zhuo Sun, Xiang Gao, Hongbin Wang
The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of occurrence and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 (HPAI-H5N1) globally, understand its spatiotemporal characteristics, investigate the risk factors influencing outbreaks, and identify high-risk areas for disease occurrence. We collected the data on global poultry HPAI-H5N1 outbreaks from January 2005 to April 2023, and conducted a thorough analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the disease through time series decomposition and directional distribution analysis...
January 24, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38296768/genome-wide-association-studies-of-parasite-resistance-productivity-and-immunology-traits-in-scottish-blackface-sheep
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Pacheco, G Banos, N Lambe, A McLaren, T N McNeilly, J Conington
Gastrointestinal parasitism represents a global problem for grazing ruminants, which can be addressed sustainably by breeding animals to be more resistant against infection by parasites. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic architecture underlying traits associated with gastrointestinal parasite resistance, immunological profile and production in meat sheep, and identify and characterise candidate genes affecting these traits. Data on gastrointestinal parasite infection (faecal egg counts for Strongyles (FECS ) and Nematodirus (FECN ) and faecal oocyst counts for Coccidia, along with faecal soiling scores (DAG), characterised by the accumulation of faeces around the perineum) and production (live weight (LWT)) were gathered from a flock Scottish Blackface lambs at three and four months of age...
January 22, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262856/understanding-the-effect-of-sex-on-energy-requirements-of-hair-sheep
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C J L Herbster, A P Oliveira, A S Brito Neto, E S Justino, I A M A Teixeira, J A G Azevedo, S A Santos, L P Silva, M I Marcondes, R L Oliveira, L R Bezerra, E S Pereira
Differences and/or similarities in the influence of sex class for hair sheep requirements remain inconclusive. Knowledge of energy requirements allows well-formulated diets to be provided which is crucial for improving animal production. We aimed to determine the effect of sex class on the net energy requirements of growing hair sheep in a multi-study approach. We used a data set composed of individual measurements of 382 hair sheep (299 non-castrated and 83 castrated males) from 11 studies that used the methodology of comparative slaughter...
January 22, 2024: Animal
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