Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Drug Targets

BACKGROUND: Bernard Soulier Syndrome (BSS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder due to deficiency or dysfunction of the glycoprotein GPIb-V-IX complex on the platelet surface. It is also known as hemorrhagiparous thrombocytic dystrophy or congenital hemorrhagiparous thrombocytic dystrophy. The patient usually presents with severe and prolonged bleeding along with characteristics of giant blood platelets and low platelet counts. Manifestations of BSS include epistaxis, gum bleeding, purpuric rashes, menorrhagia, rarely melena, and hematemesis...

BACKGROUND: Past few decades have witnessed the co-existence of diabetes and hypertension leading to other health disorders. Hence, it is imperative to look into new therapies for the treatment of both hypertension and diabetes simultaneously in order to gradually reduce the pill burden and subsequent side effects. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the current work was to use several in-silico methods to develop new entities that have both anti-diabetic and anti-hypertensive activity...

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is distinguished by ventricular chamber expansion, systolic dysfunction, and normal left ventricular (LV) wall thickness, and is mainly caused due to genetic or environmental factors; however, its aetiology is undetermined in the majority of patients. The focus of this work is on pathogenesis, small animal models, as well as the herbal medicinal approach, and the most recent advances in imaging modalities for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Several small animal models have been proposed over the last few years to mimic various pathomechanisms that contribute to dilated cardiomyopathy...

β-thalassaemia is a genetic disorder resulting in a reduction or absence of β-globin gene expression. Due to the high prevalence of β-thalassaemia and the lack of available treatment other than blood transfusion and haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, the disease represents a considerable burden to clinical and economic systems. Foetal haemoglobin has an appreciated ameliorating effect in β-haemoglobinopathy, as the γ-globin chain substitutes the β-globin chain reduction by pairing with the excess α-globin chain in β-thalassaemia and reduces sickling in sickle cell disease (SCD)...

INTRODUCTION: There is a high incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM), however; until now, the exact mechanisms behind VTE in MM are unknown, and some of the elements that may play a significant role are the treatment with an immunomodulator (IMiD) and acquired resistance to activated protein C (APC). OBJECTIVE: The study aims to reveal the possible mechanisms linked to the reduced antithrombotic activity of APC associated with thalidomide...

INTRODUCTION: Voriconazole is a triazole anti-fungal with non-linear kinetics and a narrow therapeutic range. The objective of our study was to monitor the voriconazole serum levels in children with hematological malignancy and clinically suspected invasive fungal infections. METHODS: The study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial conducted from June 2016 to December 2017. All children who had haematologic malignancies with clinically suspected invasive fungal infections and received voriconazole as the only anti-fungal were included in the study...

BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that uses ACE2 to enter the host cell. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the in silico inhibitory activity of polyphenols from Prunus armeniaca (P. armeniaca) on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). METHODS: The efficacy of phytocompounds from P. armeniaca in inhibiting ACE2 was tested through molecular docking and dynamic analyses. The toxicological analysis of P. armeniaca was also evaluated...

BACKGROUND: Drug adherence has been extensively evaluated in many developed countries in the West using different methods of medication adherence measurement; however, there are relatively few reports studying the adherence levels among Saudi patients. Thus, this study will evaluate the adherence to cardiovascular medicines in Saudi patients visiting (PSCC) in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study relied on self-administered questionnaires...

BACKGROUND: Post-coronary artery bypass grafting (post-CABG) is a beneficial procedure for cardiac patients. However, without an appropriate cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program, patient care may be inadequate, leading to recurrent hospitalizations and heart failure. This study aims to assess the effects of a CR program on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) measures in post-CABG patients at Amir-almomenin, kordkuy Hospital, Golestan, Iran...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with left heart disease (LHD) is a complex cardiopulmonary condition where a variable degree of pulmonary congestion, arterial vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling can lead to PH and right heart strain. Right heart dysfunction has a significant prognostic impact on these patients. Therefore, preserving right ventricular (RV) function is an important treatment goal. However, the treatment of PH in patients with left heart disease has produced conflicting evidence. The transition from pure LHD to LHD with PH is a continuum and clinically challenging...

INTRODUCTION: Gaucher's disease (GD) is a rare lysosomal storage disease. It is characterized by the deposition of glucocerebroside in cells of the macrophage-monocyte system. GD presents a broad clinical expression, including hematologic abnormalities (such as pancytopenia), massive hepatosplenomegaly, diffuse infiltrative pulmonary disease, renal involvement in the form of nephropathy and glomerulonephritis, skeletal involvement in the form of bone pain, bony infarct, osteopenia, and pathological fracture...

BACKGROUND: The association of obesity with left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction is fully understood, but there are few investigations regarding its effect on LV systolic function in the absence of other risk factors. This study aimed to identify the global longitudinal strain (GLS) changes in isolated overweight and obese people in the absence of other risk factors. METHODS: A total of 120 individuals, including 60 obese, 30 overweight, and 30 healthy controls with no underlying disease and no history of hypertension, diabetes, CAD, or CKD were included in the study...

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin B deficiency causes cardiac hypertrophy, reduced cardiac contractility, and arrhythmias.The purpose of this study is to perform a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of vitamin B supplements in a group of 150 patients who meet the eligibility criteria.The study also aims to describe the effect of synthetic multivitamins (pyridoxine, folic acid, and cyanocobalamin) on the laboratory findings reflecting the severity of chronic heart failure (cholesterol, glucose, and fibrinogen)...

BACKGROUND: Traditionally, the aerial parts of Rhamnus alaternus L. have been widely used in Mediterranean countries, including Morocco, to cure diabetes. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Rhamnus alaternus aqueous extract in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of Rhamnus alaternus aqueous extract (RAAE) in normal and diabetic rats. Then the phytochemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and potential toxicity of RAAE were also assessed...

BACKGROUND: Plant and their active phytoproducts have been used in modern medicine and playing an important role in the health sectors since a very early age. Human beings need a considerable amount of these plant-based phytochemicals for their health. The flavonoidal class phytochemical is an important class of natural products in modern healthcare because of their different pharmacological activities and health benefits. Flavonoidal class phytochemicals have been used to treat diabetes and related secondary complications in humans...

Calcium homeostasis is regulated by the dyad of parathyroid hormone and calcitriol, whereas kidney, intestine, and bone are the primary target sites. Elevation of serum calcium levels and hypercalcemia are likely markers of pathological conditions, particularly malignancy and hyperparathyroidism. Similarly, several dysfunctions within the body can direct hypercalcemia. Furthermore, chemicals and drugs can also drive this condition. Owing to the significant role of the kidney in calcium homeostasis, renal abnormalities lead to hypercalcemia and increased calcium levels can have pathological effects on the kidney...

AIMS: The aim of the study was to investigate the antihyperglycemic effect of L-Tartaric acid. BACKGROUND: L-Tartaric acid is a natural product with possible beneficial effects on health. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this work was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects of L-Tartaric acid (L-TA) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the first model, the effects of L-TA (10 and 40 mg/kg) on diabetes conditions induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in rats were investigated...

INTRODUCTION: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is known to be associated with significant arrhythmia and consequent mortality. QT prolongation is a risk factor for arrhythmia in STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the association of corrected QT interval (QTc), QT dispersion (QTd), T-wave peak to end (TPE), and fragmented QRS with mortality in these patients. METHODS: Eligible patients with the characteristic symptoms of STEMI who underwent PPCI were included...

BACKGROUND: The Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI) is the preferred therapeutic strategy for patients who experienced ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the association of hematological indices, including hemoglobin level, platelets, White Blood Cells (WBCs) count, and MPV before PPCI with the TIMI grade flow after PPCI. METHODS: STEMI patients who experienced PPCI were included in the present retrospective crosssectional study...

AIMS: The study aimed to evaluate the glucose-lowering effect of Tetraclinis articulata. BACKGROUND: Tetraclinis articulata is commonly used for the treatment of diabetes characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to evaluate the effect of Tetraclinis articulata (T. articulata) aqueous extract (TAAE) on glycaemia and lipid profile in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, its acute toxicity, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant capacity were assessed...