Neurosciences : the Official Journal of the Pan Arab Union of Neurological Sciences

OBJECTIVES: To explore the barriers preventing pioglitazone use in stroke survivors and primary and secondary stroke care services. METHODS: A qualitative grounded theory approached design was used to assess post-stroke diabetes treatments and to assess clinical applicability of pioglitazone as a preventive treatment to minimize its side effects (SEs) associated. Three focus groups were established with 48 participants from Scotland and Wales health board centers during January 2019 to July 2022...

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OBJECTIVES: To establish antibiogram data for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) that would help differentiate the organisms commonly present depending on the voiding method and antibiotic sensitivity for empirical treatment. METHODS: A total of 499 urine culture results were obtained from 151 SCI patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) with significant bacteriuria and pyuria with more than 10 white blood cells per high power field. The voiding method was categorized as follows: self-intermittent catheterization (SIC), suprapubic catheter (SPC), Foley catheter, condom catheter, or voiding freely...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the genetic polymorphisms in IL-2 and IL-2RA genes in schizophrenia (SCZ) patients by comparing them with healthy controls. METHODS: A sample of 127 patients with SCZ and 100 healthy volunteers were included in the case-control study. These individuals were consecutively selected from the Malazgirt State Hospital Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic in Mus, Turkey, over the three months from October 2020 to December 2020. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders, Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV) was used to confirm the diagnosis according to the DSM-5 criteria...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative motor disorder caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The substantia nigra is neither the first nor the only brain region affected by PD. Recent and old studies have shown that PD does not only affect the CNS; in fact, autonomic innervation in the GIT, skin, and olfactory system was found to be affected by α-synuclein pathology outside the CNS, affecting patients' quality of life. In the gastrointestinal system, dysphagia, constipation, and bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine are common in patients with PD...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and different types of stroke, and how different comorbidities and risk factors are related to the occurrence of stroke in a Saudi Arabian tertiary care hospital. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study included patients who experienced either hemorrhagic stroke (HS), ischemic stroke (IS), or transient ischemic attack (TIA) between 2015 and 2020...

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OBJECTIVES: To assess outcomes and complications of patients with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study was conducted at 2 health care centers in Saudi Arabia and Oman. Adult patients diagnosed with CVT in radiological imaging between 2006 and 2020 were included. Data were collected from medical records and analyzed using the software IBM® SPSS version 22. Neurological disability occurring after CVT was graded according to the modified Rankin scale (mRS)...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of decompressive craniectomy combined with edaravone on the postoperative neurological functions and hemodynamics of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (STBI). METHODS: The subjects included totally 186 STBI patients admitted during January 2018 and January 2021. The random number table method was adopted to set an operation group (n=82) and a combined medication group (n=104) for the subjects. The changes of the clinical indicators were observed...

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OBJECTIVES: To assess the frequency of adverse effects among pediatric and adult patients and the clinical variables associated with a higher probability of developing side effects. METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled pediatric and adult patients who underwent Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) implantation at our institution and had documented follow-up during clinic visits for at least 6 months after implantation. Data collected included demographic information, epilepsy diagnosis, and device data...

OBJECTIVES: To observe the accuracy of Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans in evaluating neurological disorders. METHODS: This retrospective research used CT or MRI to diagnose and characterize brain disorders. Patients' records suffering from neurological disorders were considered eligible for inclusion, regardless of the time of appearance of symptoms, the severity of their symptoms, or their final clinical diagnosis. The exclusion criteria for this study involved patients who did not undergo either a CT or MRI scan...

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OBJECTIVES: To identify the dysregulated functional miRNAs, miRNA-16, miRNA-143, and miRNA-200 as potential biomarkers of cerebral aneurysms(CAs) to aid in diagnosis and prognosis. METHODS: This is a prospective case-control study conducted among patients with CA. All patients' computed tomography angiography (CTA) and interventional angiogram were assessed and studied. The miRNAs were isolated and quantified from peripheral blood samples and the expression profiling was done using TaqMan chemistry on Real-Time PCR...

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OBJECTIVES: To measure and assess the physical activity (PA) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and its association with the quality of life (QoL). METHODS: This cross-sectional study included patients with MS in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from August, 2022 to November, 2022. Data were collected via social media platforms using a questionnaire that included 3 sections: sociodemographic data, International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ), and the Health Status Questionnaire Short Form-36 (SF-36)...

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and reversible splenial lesion syndrome are both considered uncommon conditions relatively rare. Fever, hemorrhage, and acute kidney injury are the prevailing symptoms frequently observed in cases of HFRS. We describe a case of a middle-aged man who had been hospitalized with fever and acute neurological symptoms. His main symptom was recurrent dizziness. Cranial computed tomography (CT) did not reveal any obvious lesions, such as encephalorrhagia or infarctions...