International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion

The study investigates the crash risk of powered two-wheelers (PTWs) involved in multiple conflict types, with different vehicle classes constituting a mixed traffic stream. This study uses the extreme value theory to estimate the crash risk after establishing the conflict thresholds for potential rear-end and side-swipe conflicts by accounting for interacting vehicle types. The study considers four vehicle pairs involving PTWs: PTW-PTW, PTW-MThW (motorized three-wheeler), PTW-Car, and PTW-Bus. The study found that the conflict thresholds corresponding to rear-end and side-swipe types increase with the interacting vehicle size...

As the elderly population grows, there is a greater concern for their safety on the roads. This is particularly important for elderly pedestrians who are more vulnerable to accidents. In Spain, one of the most aged countries in the world, the elderly accounted for 70% of all pedestrian deaths in 2019. In this study, the focus was on analysing the occurrence of elderly pedestrian-vehicle collisions in Spanish municipalities and how it is related to the built environment. The study used the hurdle negative binomial model to analyse the number of elderly and non-elderly pedestrian accidents per municipality in 2016-2019...

Road traffic injuries present a significant public health burden, especially in developing countries. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized global evidence on motorcycle helmet use prevalence by including 299 records across 249 articles involving 5,006,476 participants from 1982 to 2022. The findings revealed a declining trend in helmet use prevalence over the past four decades, with an overall prevalence of 48.71%. The meta-regression analysis did not find any statistically significant change in the overall prevalence...

To describe the sociodemographic data of injured pedestrians, temporal patterns of injury, injury patterns, and the independent predictors of hospital admission. A two year cross-sectional study was conducted at the Saint Ann's Bay Regional Hospital in pedestrians with injuries post collision with a motor vehicle. A census was performed in all patients who received either emergency room treatment, hospital admission, or surgical intervention. A 30-item interviewer questionnaire was administered to collect the data...

Predicting the injury severities sustained by drivers engaged in road traffic accidents is a key topic of research in road traffic safety. The current study analyzed the driver injury severity (DIS) using twelve machine learning (ML) algorithms. These models were implemented using 0.70, 0.80, and 0.90 train ratios and 5-, 10- and 15-fold cross-validation. Ten years of accident data (from 2011 to 2020) was obtained from police department of Shillong, India. A total of 693 accidents were documented, with 68% being nonfatal and 32% being fatal...

This study aims to classify motorcycle (MC) following distance based on trajectory traffic data and identify the risks associated with MC following distances to prevent rear-end collisions. A total of 8,223 events of a MC following a vehicle were investigated in Pathum Thani, Thailand, and 41 cases of MC rear-end crashes were analyzed between 2017 and 2021. Time headway (TH), safe stopping distance (SSD) and time to collision (TTC) were applied to the proposed concept to determine safe following distance (SFD)...

A well-developed road network plays a crucial role in fostering social and economic progress within a region. However, road crashes resulting in massive injuries and deaths profoundly affect socioeconomic development. There is a need therefore to identify working approaches used in road safety strategic management which provide evidence and a foundation to achieve safer road transport. This may be achieved through a systematic literature review considering both state-of-the-art technologies and best practice...

In-lane street hawking is the intermittent entry of signalized intersections by traders to sell groceries to drivers and passengers. Studies have shown that hawkers get exposed to traffic injuries but the lack of quantitative analysis of their lane entry and exit behaviors in signalized intersections makes it difficult to improve traffic safety. This study analyzes the significant predictors of in-lane street hawkers' (1) lane entry within 30 s after the red signal illumination, (2) lane exit within 30 s after the green signal illumination, and (3) probability of getting injuries during the green signal time...

Road traffic crashes (RTCs) are significantly high in Nigeria with serious social and health consequences. While existing studies on RTCs have mainly focused on the effect of socio-economic, environmental, human and mechanical factors to address the high rates, the relationship between road transport fares and RTCs has been glossed over in literature. Thus, this study examines the influence of road transport fares and other covariates on RTCs. Data on RTCs and the predictors between 2017 and 2022 were obtained from the records of the National Bureau of Statistics and the Federal Road Safety Corps...

To effectively reduce road traffic crashes (RTCs) and injuries interventions should be based on firm evidence regarding risk factors of RTCs and injuries in that specific population. Therefore, we undertook a systematic review to determine risk factors of RTCs and injuries among commercial motorcycle drivers. Searches were performed from inception to May 2022 in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, PsycINFO and Cinahl, along with registers and reference lists. Inclusion criteria were commercial motorcycle drivers, quantitative observational studies, and RTCs and injuries...

This paper studies the main factors affecting road traffic accidents (RTAs) using a systematic review. The primary focus is on factors related to road characteristics and driver behaviours. This review also addresses the socioeconomic and demographic factors to provide a clear overview of which groups suffer the most from RTAs. Several factors were found to affect RTAs, notably road characteristics: highways, high-speed roads, unplanned intersections and two-way roads without dividers; driver behaviours: reckless/aggressive driving and riding, excessive speeding, unawareness of traffic laws, and not using safety equipment; and vehicle types: four and two-wheeled...

Traffic violation is one of the leading causes of traffic crashes. In the context of global aging, it is important to study traffic violations by elderly drivers for improving traffic safety in preparation for a worldwide aging population. In this study, a hybrid approach of Latent Class Analysis (LCA) and XGBoost based SHAP is proposed to identify hidden clusters and to understand the key contributing factors on the severity of traffic violations by elderly drivers, based on the police-reported traffic violation dataset of Beijing (China)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Drunk-driving events often escalate into drunk-driving crashes, however, the contributing factors of this progression remain elusive. To mitigate the likelihood of crashes stemming from drunk-driving events, this paper introduces the notion of 'the severity of drunk-driving event' and examines the complex relationship between the severity and its contributing factors, considering spatiotemporal heterogeneity. The study utilizes a Geographically and Temporally Weighted Binary Logistic Regression (GTWBLR) model to conduct spatiotemporal analysis based on police-reported drunk-driving events in Beijing, China...

This paper investigates the factors influencing the severity of driver injuries in single-vehicle speeding-related crashes, by comparing different driver age groups. This study employed a random threshold random parameter hierarchical ordered probit model and analysed crash data from Thailand between 2012 and 2017. The findings showed that young drivers face a heightened fatality risk when speeding in passenger cars or pickup trucks, hinting at the role of inexperience and risk-taking behaviours. Old drivers exhibit an increased fatality risk when speeding, especially in rainy conditions, on flush median roads, and during evening peak hours, attributed to reduced reaction times and vulnerability to adverse weather...

Over the past decade, rural crashes have been responsible for an average of 65% of crash-induced casualties in Iran. Evidence from prior studies reveals that a significant number of these rural crashes occur at marginal areas around cities. Thus, Exclusive crash severity models should be developed to identify the factors associated with higher injury and fatality probabilities in these areas. In this study, a partial proportional odds (PPO) model was formulated using the rural crash data collected from roads leading to the city of Isfahan...

Cell phone use while walking escalates pedestrian safety risks, particularly among students, given their heavy reliance on these devices. Psychological factors wield significant influence on individual behavior, particularly among adolescents who navigate a blend of rational and social-reactive pathways in decision-making. Therefore, this paper employs the Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) to scrutinize psychological determinants of students' cell phone use while walking, drawing on data from 368 valid samples...

Construction workers face a high risk of various occupational accidents, many of which can result in fatalities. This study aims to develop a prediction model for nine prevalent types of construction accidents, utilizing construction tasks, activities, and tools/materials as input features, through the application of machine learning-based multi-class classification algorithms. 152,867 construction accident summary reports, composed of both structured (construction task, construction activity, accident type) and unstructured data (tools/materials) were used for the study...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a significant cause of death and disability among young people worldwide. Programs that use injury prevention strategies have been shown to effectively reduce the number of injuries. This systematic review aims to present the available evidence on the effectiveness of intervention programs in preventing RTIs among adolescents and young adults. Articles were identified and retrieved from databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Magiran, SID, and Iran Medex...