Current Vascular Pharmacology

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BACKGROUND: Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (HTN LVH) is a key risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible role of beta-blockers (BBs) in addition to a renin-angiotensinaldosterone system (RAAS) blocker in AF prevention in patients with HTN LVH. METHODS: We performed a PubMed, Elsevier, SAGE, Oxford, and Google Scholar search with the search items 'beta blocker hypertension left ventricular hypertrophy patient' from 2013-2023...

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There are more than 80 different tripartite motifs (TRIM) proteins within the E3 ubiquitin ligase subfamily, including proteins that regulate intracellular signaling, apoptosis, autophagy, proliferation, inflammation, and immunity through the ubiquitination of target proteins. Studies conducted in recent years have unraveled the importance of TRIM proteins in the pathophysiology of vascular diseases. In this review, we describe the effects of TRIM proteins on vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, heart, and lungs...

Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) are increasingly recognised for their role in cardiovascular (CV) physiology. The GH-IGF-1 axis plays an essential role in the development of the CV system as well as in the complex molecular network that regulates cardiac and endothelial structure and function. A considerable correlation between GH levels and CV mortality exists even among individuals in the general population without a notable deviation in the GHIGF- 1 axis functioning. In addition, over the last decades, evidence has demonstrated that pathologic conditions involving the GH-IGF-1 axis, as seen in GH excess to GH deficiency, are associated with an increased risk for CV morbidity and mortality...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of lanthanum hydroxide(LH) on ectopic mineralization of soft tissue and abnormal bone in rats with acute kidney injury(AKI). METHODS: Wistar rats were modeled by 5/6 nephrectomy. After the operation, the rats were divided into different groups, the biochemical indexes of serum collected at different times. Lanthanum hydroxide was administered by intragastric tube at doses of 0.4, 0.2, and 0...

Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, both overt and subclinical, are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The association between thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and cardiovascular risk has been demonstrated in large epidemiological studies and meta-analyses and is now considered a U-shaped curve. Several pathophysiological mechanisms linking thyroid and cardiovascular disease are known; however, specific clinical complications of peripheral arterial disease as endpoints of clinical trials have not been adequately investigated...

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OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of early vs. late tirofiban administration in the treatment of patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and diabetes mellitus (DM) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). METHODS: 120 patients with STEMI and DM treated with pPCI were randomly divided into an observation group (n=60) and a control group (n=60). The observation group and the control group were intravenously injected with a bolus of tirofiban preoperatively or intraoperatively, respectively; both groups were then given an intravenous infusion over 24 h at 0...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current status and development trend of research on exosomes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) using bibliometric analysis and to elucidate trending research topics. METHODS: Research articles on exosomes in CVD published up to April 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. Data were organized using Microsoft Office Excel 2019. CiteSpace 6.1 and VOSviewer 1.6.18 were used for bibliometric analysis and result visualization...

Peripheral artery disease (PAD), defined as lower extremity arterial disease, constitutes an underestimated aspect of the menopause-associated risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Accumulation of ASCVD risk factors, such as atherogenic dyslipidaemia, diabetes, and arterial hypertension, after the transition to menopause may contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation in peripheral arteries. However, inconsistency exists among studies as to whether transition to menopause increases the risk of PAD, although early menopause (<45 years) or premature ovarian insufficiency may accelerate peripheral atherosclerotic plaque formation...

AIM: This study aims to explore the impact of the synthetic cannabinoid methyl 2-(1-(4- fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-FUBINACA) on the angiogenesis process in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. BACKGROUND: Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are substances that mimic the natural components found in the cannabis plant. SCs are considered prohibited substances that have a clear impact on the central nervous system (CNS). OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to explore how MDMB-FUBINACA influences angiogenesis in human brain microvascular endothelial cells and to clarify the pathways related to the cannabinoid receptors...

Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, thus it is important to adopt preventive interventions. Observational data demonstrating CV benefits of vitamin supplements, advanced by self-proclaimed experts have resulted in ~50% of Americans reporting the use of multivitamins for health promotion; this practice has led to a multi-billion-dollar business of the multivitamin-industry. However, the data on the extensive use of multivitamins show no consistent benefit for CVD prevention or all-cause mortality, while the use of certain vitamins might prove harmful...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity/mortality world-wide, hence preventive interventions are crucial. Observational data showing beneficial CV-effects of vitamin supplements, promoted by self-proclaimed experts, have led to ~50% of Americans using multivitamins; this practice has culminated into a multi-billion-dollar business. However, robust evidence is lacking, and certain vitamins might incur harm. This two-part review focuses on the attributes or concerns about specific vitamin consumption on CVD...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Testosterone levels in men begin declining in the early years of adulthood, with a 1-2% reduction/year. Low testosterone levels in men are associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and increased cardiovascular mortality. However, observational studies of testosterone levels in males and their relationship with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have yielded mixed results; only some cohorts show a clear association with low free testosterone levels. This discrepancy may, in part, be due to methodological issues with estimating free testosterone but also to different effects of testosterone on the vessel wall and metabolism...

BACKGROUND: Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that is involved in several pathophysiological functions. The relationship of Se with cardiovascular disease remains inconclusive, especially regarding the role of different selenospecies. OBJECTIVE: The present study assessed the levels of Se distribution in plasma selenoproteins namely glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3), selenoprotein P (SelP) and selenoalbumin (SeAlb) and total Se in selenoproteins in relation to 10-year cardiovascular risk in the ATTICA prospective study...

BACKGROUND: Offspring exposed in foetal life to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk for future metabolic diseases. OBJECTIVE: To explore the prognostic role of abdominal aorta intima-media thickness (aIMT) in neonates exposed to GDM as a possible biomarker for later atherogenesis and its possible correlation with thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a protein involved in oxidative stress. METHODS: In this prospective, observational study, mother-infant pairs were studied in 2 groups (57 patients with GDM and 51 controls without GDM)...

The lifetime risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) is 1 in 3 adults, resulting in a prevalence of 2-4%. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a frequent aetiology of valvular heart disease in low- and middle-income countries. Between 21% and 80% of patients with mitral valve disease, especially with stenosis, may have AF. Both these conditions, AF and RHD, present a state of persistent inflammation. In turn, inflammation is a frequent cause of anisocytosis, which can be evidenced through the parameter RDW (red bold cell distribution width)...