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Journals Current Treatment Options in O...

Current Treatment Options in Oncology

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38270800/treatment-of-node-positive-endometrial-cancer-chemotherapy-radiation-immunotherapy-and-targeted-therapy
#21
REVIEW
Elizabeth A Tubridy, Neil K Taunk, Emily M Ko
The standard of treatment for node-positive endometrial cancer (FIGO Stage IIIC) in North America has been systemic therapy with or without additional external beam radiation therapy (RT) given as pelvic or extended field RT. However, this treatment paradigm is rapidly evolving with improvements in systemic chemotherapy, the emergence of targeted therapies, and improved molecular characterization of these tumors. The biggest question facing providers regarding management of stage IIIC endometrial cancer at this time is: what is the best management strategy to use with regard to combinations of cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, other targeted therapeutics, and radiation that will maximize clinical benefit and minimize toxicities for the best patient outcomes? While clinicians await the results of ongoing clinical trials regarding combined immunotherapy/RT as well as management based on molecular classification, we must make decisions regarding the best treatment combinations for our patients...
January 4, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38236333/hypnosis-for-symptom-management-in-adult-cancer-patients-what-is-the-evidence
#22
REVIEW
Petra Vayne-Bossert
As a palliative care specialist and a hypnotherapist, I use therapeutic communication and conversational hypnosis daily in my patient - doctor relationship. Formal hypnotherapy sessions are integrated in my practice whenever patients are open or wish for such an approach in relation to a specific symptom, for better overall management of their disease burden and/or enhanced well-being. Although hypnosis has been used for centuries in medical practice and for thousands of years in healing practices in ancient cultures all over the world, the evidence remains scarce...
January 4, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38224423/therapeutic-management-of-malignant-wounds-an-update
#23
REVIEW
Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu, Mihaela Georgescu, Ioana Cristina Marinas, Cem Bulent Ustundag, Gloria Bertesteanu, Mariana Pinteală, Stelian Sergiu Maier, Cristina Maria Al-Matarneh, Marian Angheloiu, Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
Malignant fungating wounds (MFW) are severe skin conditions generating tremendous distress in oncological patients with advanced cancer stages because of pain, malodor, exudation, pruritus, inflammation, edema, and bleeding. The classical therapeutic approaches such as surgery, opioids, antimicrobials, and application of different wound dressings are failing in handling pain, odor, and infection control, thus urgently requiring the development of alternative strategies. The aim of this review was to provide an update on the current therapeutic strategies and the perspectives on developing novel alternatives for better malignant wound management...
January 4, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38286895/updates-on-management-of-biochemical-recurrent-prostate-cancer
#24
REVIEW
Lauren Folgosa Cooley, Abhishek Srivastava, Neal D Shore
Patients with biochemical recurrent prostate cancer (BCR) are a heterogeneous group, whereby a personalized approach to management is critical. Patients with high-risk features such as PSA doubling time (PSADT) ≤ 9-12 months warrant earlier imaging for metastasis detection and consideration for intensified therapy (beyond intermittent androgen deprivation alone) during this phase of BCR-only disease. The BCR phase represents a unique opportunity to impact disease survival and delay metastasis progression...
January 3, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38270799/steroid-premedication-and-monoclonal-antibody-therapy-should-we-reconsider
#25
REVIEW
Emma-Anne Karlsen, Euan Walpole, Fiona Simpson
Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy is now considered a main component of cancer therapy in Australia. Although traditionally thought of as pure signalling inhibitors, a large proponent of these medications function through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Currently, most protocols and institutional guidelines for ADCC-mediated mAbs promote the use of corticosteroids as premedication: this is implemented to reduce infusion-related reactions (IRRs) and antiemesis prophylaxis and combat concurrently administered chemotherapy-related syndromes...
January 3, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38212510/surgical-management-and-considerations-for-patients-with-localized-high-risk-prostate-cancer
#26
REVIEW
Andrew M Fang, Jamaal Jackson, Justin R Gregg, Lisly Chery, Chad Tang, Devaki Shilpa Surasi, Bilal A Siddiqui, Soroush-Rais-Bahrami, Tharakeswara Bathala, Brian F Chapin
Localized high-risk (HR) prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogenous disease state with a wide range of presentations and outcomes. Historically, non-surgical management with radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy was the treatment option of choice. However, surgical resection with radical prostatectomy (RP) and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is increasingly utilized as a primary treatment modality for patients with HRPCa. Recent studies have demonstrated that surgery is an equivalent treatment option in select patients with the potential to avoid the side effects from androgen deprivation therapy and radiotherapy combined...
January 3, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38194149/strategies-to-assess-and-manage-frailty-among-patients-diagnosed-with-primary-malignant-brain-tumors
#27
REVIEW
Alayna E Ernster, Heidi D Klepin, Glenn J Lesser
Frailty refers to a biologic process that results in reduced physiologic and functional reserve. Patients diagnosed with primary malignant brain tumors experience high symptom burden from tumor and tumor-directed treatments that, coupled with previous comorbidities, may contribute to frailty. Within the primary malignant brain tumor population, frailty is known to associate with mortality, higher healthcare utilization, and increased risk of postoperative complications. As such, methods to assess and manage frailty are paramount...
January 3, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38172449/antibody-drug-conjugates-in-gynecologic-cancers
#28
REVIEW
Mary Katherine Anastasio, Stephanie Shuey, Brittany A Davidson
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a novel class of targeted cancer therapies with the ability to selectively deliver a cytotoxic drug to a tumor cell using a monoclonal antibody linked to a cytotoxic payload. The technology of ADCs allows for tumor-specificity, improved efficacy, and decreased toxicity compared to standard chemotherapy. Common toxicities associated with ADC use include ocular, pulmonary, hematologic, and neurologic toxicities. Several ADCs have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of patients with recurrent or metastatic gynecologic cancers, a population with poor outcomes and limited effective treatment options...
January 3, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38170388/sentinel-lymph-node-evaluation-in-early-stage-vulvar-cancer
#29
REVIEW
Courtney A Penn, Mali K Schneiter, Catherine H Watson
Sentinel lymph node mapping (SLNM) and dissection (SLND) should be used as an alternative to full inguinofemoral lymph node dissection (IFLND) in select patients with early-stage vulvar cancer. IFLND is associated with high postoperative complications such as wound breakdown, lymphedema, lymphocyst formation, and infection. SLND in select patients offers a safe, effective, and less morbid alternative. Candidates for SLND include patients with a unifocal vulvar tumor less than four centimeters, clinically negative lymph nodes, and no prior inguinofemoral surgeries...
January 3, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38167980/approach-to-patients-with-high-risk-localized-prostate-cancer-radiation-oncology-perspective
#30
REVIEW
Sophia C Kamran, Neha Vapiwala
High-risk localized prostate cancer is a challenging clinical entity to treat, with heterogeneous responses to an evolving array of multidisciplinary treatment approaches. In addition, this disease state is growing in incidence due to a variety of factors, including shifting recommendations that discouraged routine prostate cancer screening. Current guidelines now incorporate an informed decision-making process for prostate cancer screening and evaluation. More work is underway to improve targeted screening for certain at-risk populations and to implement greater personalization in the use of diagnostic tools...
January 3, 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38158477/systemic-therapy-for-melanoma-brain-and-leptomeningeal-metastases
#31
REVIEW
Wendy J Sherman, Edoardo Romiti, Loizos Michaelides, Diogo Moniz-Garcia, Kaisorn L Chaichana, Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, Alyx B Porter
Melanoma has a high propensity to metastasize to the brain which portends a poorer prognosis. With advanced radiation techniques and targeted therapies, outcomes however are improving. Melanoma brain metastases are best managed in a multi-disciplinary approach, including medical oncologists, neuro-oncologists, radiation oncologists, and neurosurgeons. The sequence of therapies is dependent on the number and size of brain metastases, status of systemic disease control, prior therapies, performance status, and neurological symptoms...
December 30, 2023: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38153687/research-progress-on-the-cardiotoxicity-of-egfr-tkis-in-non-small-cell-lung-cancer
#32
REVIEW
Yinan Yu, Jianguo Zhao, Jiaona Xu, Rui Bai, Zewei Gu, Xialin Chen, Jianfang Wang, Xueying Jin, Gaoyang Gu
With the development of molecular biology and histology techniques, targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has emerged, which is highly effective and has marginal side effects. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was the first driver gene discovered, whose three generations of therapeutic use have its characteristics and benefits in clinical practice. However, cardiovascular complications by EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in preclinical studies have been increasingly reported, including heart failure, cardiomyopathy, and QT prolongation, among others...
December 28, 2023: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38153686/treatment-landscape-of-renal-cell-carcinoma
#33
REVIEW
Yu-Wei Chen, Luke Wang, Justine Panian, Sohail Dhanji, Ithaar Derweesh, Brent Rose, Aditya Bagrodia, Rana R McKay
The treatment landscape of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has evolved significantly over the past three decades. Active surveillance and tumor ablation are alternatives to extirpative therapy in appropriately selected patients. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an emerging noninvasive alternative to treat primary RCC tumors. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has greatly improved the overall survival of advanced RCC, and now the ICI-based doublet (dual ICI-ICI doublet; or ICI in combination with a vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, ICI-TKI doublet) has become the standard frontline therapy...
December 28, 2023: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38198120/management-of-paraneoplastic-syndromes-in-the-era-of-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors
#34
REVIEW
Maxime Junior Jean, Lawrence Samkoff, Nimish Mohile
Our understanding of paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) has blossomed over the past few decades. Clinicians have access to more robust diagnostic criteria and have a heightened index of suspicion for these disorders. Nonetheless, treatment, which typically includes immunosuppression, and response to treatment, varies. Due to persistent difficulty in making a definitive diagnosis, we favor empiric treatment when a possible diagnosis of PNS is suspected, and other alternative causes have substantially been excluded (e...
January 2024: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38100020/liver-directed-therapy-for-neuroendocrine-tumor-metastases-in-the-era-of-peptide-receptor-radionuclide-therapy
#35
REVIEW
Rana Rabei, Nicholas Fidelman
The treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) liver metastases involves a multidisciplinary approach that includes liver-directed therapies (LDT) and systemic treatments, such as peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). LDT has demonstrated efficacy in rapidly reducing tumor bulk, improving symptoms, and delaying disease progression. Interventional radiologists should be consulted prior to switching therapy for patients with progressive or symptomatic neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases. Long-term follow-up data on the safety of Yttrium-90 radioembolization before and after PRRT remain limited...
December 15, 2023: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38047977/cardiovascular-adverse-events-of-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitors-in-chronic-myeloid-leukemia-clinical-relevance-impact-on-outcome-preventive-measures-and-treatment-strategies
#36
REVIEW
Alessandra Iurlo, Daniele Cattaneo, Cristina Bucelli, Paolo Spallarossa, Francesco Passamonti
The introduction of TKIs into the therapeutic armamentarium of CML has changed the disease paradigm, increasing long-term survival from 20% to over 80%, with a life expectancy now approaching that of the general population. Although highly effective, TKIs also have a toxicity profile that is often mild to moderate, but sometimes severe, with multiple kinases involved in the development of adverse events (AEs). Among others, cardiovascular AEs observed in TKI-treated CML patients may represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, and their pathogenesis is still only partially understood...
December 4, 2023: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38095779/treatment-of-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-with-atypical-egfr-mutations
#37
REVIEW
Leah Wells, Angel Qin
EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) should always be considered when treating advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with atypical EGFR mutations. The first choice of TKI depends on the specific mutation(s) present and its effect on structure and function of the EGFR protein. Afatinib is the only EGFR TKI currently FDA approved for atypical EGFR mutations and has the strongest data to support its use in PACC mutations, a subgroup of atypical EGFR mutations which includes G719X and S7681. Dacomitinib may also be an option for these mutations given similar efficacy to afatinib...
December 2023: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38095778/non-surgical-therapeutic-strategies-for-non-melanoma-skin-cancers
#38
REVIEW
Qingyu Zeng, Chengqian Chen, Diyan Chen, Guolong Zhang, Xiuli Wang
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a globally prevalent skin disease, with basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma accounting for 99% of NMSC cases. While surgical excision is the most common approach, numerous non-surgical therapies have rapidly advanced in recent years. In cases of low-risk NMSC, alongside surgical excision, priority should be given to physical therapy and photodynamic therapy. Physical therapy modalities, exemplified by electrodessication and curettage, emerge as safe and efficacious alternatives...
December 2023: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38091187/perioperative-immunotherapy-in-non-small-cell-lung-cancer
#39
REVIEW
Jenny O'Brien, J Nicholas Bodor
The standard of care in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following surgical resection has been adjuvant chemotherapy for the last two decades, despite modest improvements in survival and high rates of disease recurrence. Numerous clinical trials have reported practice-changing findings demonstrating a benefit in disease-free survival (DFS) or event-free survival (EFS) with perioperative immunotherapy. This has led to several recent regulatory approvals supporting the use of adjuvant immunotherapy or neoadjuvant immuno-chemotherapy in NSCLC, and such therapies are now an integral component of care for early-stage disease...
December 2023: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38091186/extent-of-resection-and-outcomes-of-patients-with-primary-malignant-brain-tumors
#40
REVIEW
Brandy Ndirangu, Kevon Bryan, Edjah Nduom
We have level II evidence that attempting a gross total resection of newly diagnosed suspected glioblastoma is preferred when a maximally safe resection can be attempted. This recommendation extends to elderly patients and those with butterfly gliomas. However, in cases where patients are poor surgical candidates, or for lesions in eloquent areas, subtotal resection or biopsy may be indicated. Recent studies have discussed "supramaximal surgery," which is defined in different ways by different teams, but there is not enough evidence, yet, to make a consistent recommendation for supramaximal resection for specific patients...
December 2023: Current Treatment Options in Oncology
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