journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37034393/ganymede-observations-by-junocam-on-juno-perijove-34
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M A Ravine, C J Hansen, G C Collins, P M Schenk, M A Caplinger, L Lipkaman Vittling, D J Krysak, R P Zimdar, J B Garvin, S J Bolton
During the Juno Mission's encounter with Ganymede on 7 June 2021, the Juno camera (JunoCam) acquired four images of Ganymede in color. These images covered one-sixth of Ganymede at scales from 840 m to ∼4 km/pixel. Most of this area was only previously imaged by Voyager 1 in 1979, at lower spatial resolution and poorer image quality. No changes were observed over this area of Ganymede in the 42 years since Voyager. JunoCam provided overlapping coverage, from which we developed a digital elevation model of the best-resolved area...
December 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37034392/juno-plasma-wave-observations-at-ganymede
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W S Kurth, A H Sulaiman, G B Hospodarsky, J D Menietti, B H Mauk, G Clark, F Allegrini, P Valek, J E P Connerney, J H Waite, S J Bolton, M Imai, O Santolik, W Li, S Duling, J Saur, C Louis
The Juno Waves instrument measured plasma waves associated with Ganymede's magnetosphere during its flyby on 7 June, day 158, 2021. Three distinct regions were identified including a wake, and nightside and dayside regions in the magnetosphere distinguished by their electron densities and associated variability. The magnetosphere includes electron cyclotron harmonic emissions including a band at the upper hybrid frequency, as well as whistler-mode chorus and hiss. These waves likely interact with energetic electrons in Ganymede's magnetosphere by pitch angle scattering and/or accelerating the electrons...
December 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37034391/juno-s-close-encounter-with-ganymede-an-overview
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C J Hansen, S Bolton, A H Sulaiman, S Duling, F Bagenal, M Brennan, J Connerney, G Clark, J Lunine, S Levin, W Kurth, A Mura, C Paranicas, F Tosi, P Withers
The Juno spacecraft has been in orbit around Jupiter since 2016. Two flybys of Ganymede were executed in 2021, opportunities realized by evolution of Juno's polar orbit over the intervening 5 years. The geometry of the close flyby just prior to the 34th perijove pass by Jupiter brought the spacecraft inside Ganymede's unique magnetosphere. Juno's payload, designed to study Jupiter's magnetosphere, had ample dynamic range to study Ganymede's magnetosphere. The Juno radio system was used both for gravity measurements and for study of Ganymede's ionosphere...
December 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36589777/gas-migration-episodes-observed-during-peridotite-alteration-in-the-samail-ophiolite-oman
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John M Aiken, Robert A Sohn, François Renard, Juerg Matter, Peter Kelemen, Bjørn Jamtveit
Serpentinization and carbonation of mantle rocks (peridotite alteration) are fundamentally important processes for a spectrum of geoscience topics, including arc volcanism, earthquake processes, chemosynthetic biological communities, and carbon sequestration. Data from a hydrophone array deployed in the Multi-Borehole Observatory (MBO) of the Oman Drilling Project demonstrates that free gas generated by peridotite alteration and/or microbial activity migrates through the formation in discrete bursts of activity...
November 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36589776/stronger-response-to-the-aerosol-indirect-effect-due-to-cooling-in-remote-regions
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linnea Huusko, Angshuman Modak, Thorsten Mauritsen
It is often assumed that effective radiative forcings, regardless of forcing agent, are additive in the temperature change. Using climate model simulations with abruptly applied aerosol forcing we find that the temperature response per unit forcing is larger if induced by aerosol-cloud interactions than directly by aerosols. The spatial patterns of forcing and temperature change show that aerosol-cloud interactions induce cooling over remote oceans in the extratropics, whereas the effect of increased emissions is localized around the emission sources primarily over tropical land...
November 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36589775/chromium-cycling-in-redox-stratified-basins-challenges-%C3%AE-53-cr-paleoredox-proxy-applications
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David J Janssen, Jörg Rickli, Martin Wille, Oscar Sepúlveda Steiner, Hendrik Vogel, Olaf Dellwig, Jasmine S Berg, Damien Bouffard, Mark A Lever, Christel S Hassler, Samuel L Jaccard
Chromium stable isotope composition (δ53 Cr) is a promising tracer for redox conditions throughout Earth's history; however, the geochemical controls of δ53 Cr have not been assessed in modern redox-stratified basins. We present new chromium (Cr) concentration and δ53 Cr data in dissolved, sinking particulate, and sediment samples from the redox-stratified Lake Cadagno (Switzerland), a modern Proterozoic ocean analog. These data demonstrate isotope fractionation during incomplete (non-quantitative) reduction and removal of Cr above the chemocline, driving isotopically light Cr accumulation in euxinic deep waters...
November 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36583183/heat-extremes-driven-by-amplification-of-phase-locked-circumglobal-waves-forced-by-topography-in-an-idealized-atmospheric-model
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Jiménez-Esteve, K Kornhuber, D I V Domeisen
Heatwaves are persistent temperature extremes associated with devastating impacts on human societies and ecosystems. In the midlatitudes, amplified quasi-stationary Rossby waves have been identified as a key mechanism for heatwave occurrence. Amplified waves with preferred longitudinal locations lead to concurrent extremes in specific locations. It is therefore important to identify the essential components in the climate system that contribute to phase-locking of wave patterns. Here, we investigate the role of dry atmospheric dynamics and topography in causing concurrent heatwaves by using an idealized general circulation model...
November 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36583182/in-situ-particle-measurements-deemphasize-the-role-of-size-in-governing-the-sinking-velocity-of-marine-particles
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J R Williams, S L C Giering
Sinking particles are important in delivering carbon to the deep ocean where it may be stored out of contact with the atmosphere. Whilst particle sinking velocities are known to be influenced by a multitude of factors, size-based parameterizations remain common in biogeochemical models and in the methods used to determine particulate fluxes from autonomous platforms. Here we carried out an extensive literature review (62 data sets) into the size-sinking velocity relationship, and find the relationship is much weaker for studies examining particles in situ (median R 2  = 0...
November 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36589269/predicting-antarctic-net-snow-accumulation-at-the-kilometer-scale-and-its-impact-on-observed-height-changes
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Medley, J T M Lenaerts, M Dattler, E Keenan, N Wever
Sub-grid-scale processes occurring at or near the surface of an ice sheet have a potentially large impact on local and integrated net accumulation of snow via redistribution and sublimation. Given observational complexity, they are either ignored or parameterized over large-length scales. Here, we train random forest (RF) models to predict variability in net accumulation over the Antarctic Ice Sheet using atmospheric variables and topographic characteristics as predictors at 1 km resolution. Observations of net snow accumulation from both in situ and airborne radar data provide the input observable targets needed to train the RF models...
October 28, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36589268/changes-in-ipcc-scenario-assessment-emulators-between-sr1-5-and-ar6-unraveled
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Z Nicholls, M Meinshausen, J Lewis, C J Smith, P M Forster, J S Fuglestvedt, J Rogelj, J S Kikstra, K Riahi, E Byers
The IPCC's scientific assessment of the timing of net-zero emissions and 2030 emission reduction targets consistent with limiting warming to 1.5°C or 2°C rests on large scenario databases. Updates to this assessment, such as between the IPCC's Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C (SR1.5) of warming and the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6), are the result of intertwined, sometimes opaque, factors. Here we isolate one factor: the Earth System Model emulators used to estimate the global warming implications of scenarios...
October 28, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36589267/temperature-dependence-of-clumped-isotopes-%C3%A2-47-in-aragonite
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niels J de Winter, Rob Witbaard, Ilja J Kocken, Inigo A Müller, Jingjing Guo, Barbara Goudsmit, Martin Ziegler
Clumped isotope thermometry can independently constrain the formation temperatures of carbonates, but a lack of precisely temperature-controlled calibration samples limits its application on aragonites. To address this issue, we present clumped isotope compositions of aragonitic bivalve shells grown under highly controlled temperatures (1-18°C), which we combine with clumped isotope data from natural and synthetic aragonites from a wide range of temperatures (1-850°C). We observe no discernible offset in clumped isotope values between aragonitic foraminifera, mollusks, and abiogenic aragonites or between aragonites and calcites, eliminating the need for a mineral-specific calibration or acid fractionation factor...
October 28, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36582355/atmosphere-snow-exchange-explains-surface-snow-isotope-variability
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Wahl, H C Steen-Larsen, A G Hughes, L J Dietrich, A Zuhr, M Behrens, A-K Faber, M Hörhold
The climate signal imprinted in the snow isotopic composition allows to infer past climate variability from ice core stable water isotope records. The concurrent evolution of vapor and surface snow isotopic composition between precipitation events indicates that post-depositional atmosphere-snow humidity exchange influences the snow and hence the ice core isotope signal. To date, however, this is not accounted for in paeleoclimate reconstructions from isotope records. Here we show that vapor-snow exchange explains 36% of the summertime day-to-day δ18 O variability of the surface snow between precipitation events, and 53% of the δD variability...
October 28, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36582354/near-cloud-aerosol-retrieval-using-machine-learning-techniques-and-implied-direct-radiative-effects
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C Kevin Yang, J Christine Chiu, Alexander Marshak, Graham Feingold, Tamás Várnai, Guoyong Wen, Takanobu Yamaguchi, Peter Jan van Leeuwen
There is a lack of satellite-based aerosol retrievals in the vicinity of low-topped clouds, mainly because reflectance from aerosols is overwhelmed by three-dimensional cloud radiative effects. To account for cloud radiative effects on reflectance observations, we develop a Convolutional Neural Network and retrieve aerosol optical depth (AOD) with 100-500 m horizontal resolution for all cloud-free regions regardless of their distances to clouds. The retrieval uncertainty is 0.01 + 5%AOD, and the mean bias is approximately -2%...
October 28, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36582353/freshwater-flux-variability-lengthens-the-period-of-the-low-frequency-amoc-variability
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fukai Liu, Jian Lu, Young-Oh Kwon, Claude Frankignoul, Yiyong Luo
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) exhibits interdecadal to multidecadal variability, yet the role of surface freshwater flux (FWF) variability in this AMOC variability remains unclear. This study isolates the contribution of FWF variability in modulating AMOC through a partially coupled experiment, in which the effect of the interactive FWF is disabled. It is demonstrated that the impact of the coupled FWF variability enhances the persistence of density and deep convection anomalies in the Labrador Sea (LS), thus lengthening the period of the AMOC oscillation on multidecadal timescale and suppressing its ∼30-year periodicity...
October 28, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36591573/energy-flux-through-the-magnetopause-during-flux-transfer-events-in-hybrid-vlasov-2d-simulations
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matti Ala-Lahti, Tuija I Pulkkinen, Yann Pfau-Kempf, Maxime Grandin, Minna Palmroth
Solar wind-magnetosphere coupling drives magnetospheric dynamic phenomena by enabling energy exchange between magnetospheric and solar wind plasmas. In this study, we examine two-dimensional noon-midnight meridional plane simulation runs of the global hybrid-Vlasov code Vlasiator with southward interplanetary magnetic field driving. We compute the energy flux, which consists of the Poynting flux and hydrodynamic energy flux components, through the Earth's magnetopause during flux transfer events (FTEs). The results demonstrate the spatiotemporal variations of the energy flux along the magnetopause during an FTE, associating the FTE leading (trailing) edge with an energy injection into (escape from) the magnetosphere on the dayside...
October 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36591572/inherited-heterogeneities-can-control-viscous-subduction-zone-deformation-of-carbonates-at-seismogenic-depths
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Leah, Å Fagereng
This work links mineral-scale deformation mechanisms with structural evolution during subduction, providing examples showing how grain-scale heterogeneities facilitated viscous creep in calcite at nominally seismogenic temperatures. Carbonates commonly enter subduction zones, either highly concentrated in irregularly distributed sediments or as more distributed precipitates in seafloor volcanics. We present shear zones, localized in calcite veins formed during shallow subduction of calcareous sediment and seafloor volcanics, with viscous shear strains of ≥5...
October 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36582260/monitoring-seismic-velocity-changes-across-the-san-jacinto-fault-using-train-generated-seismic-tremors
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Sheng, A Mordret, K Sager, F Brenguier, P Boué, B Rousset, F Vernon, Q Higueret, Y Ben-Zion
Microseismic noise has been used for seismic velocity monitoring. However, such signals are dominated by low-frequency surface waves that are not ideal for detecting changes associated with small tectonic processes. Here we show that it is possible to extract stable, high-frequency body waves using seismic tremors generated by freight trains. Such body waves allow us to focus on small velocity perturbations in the crust with high spatial resolution. We report on 10 years of seismic velocity temporal changes at the San Jacinto Fault...
October 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36582259/geospace-concussion-global-reversal-of-ionospheric-vertical-plasma-drift-in-response-to-a-sudden-commencement
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xueling Shi, Dong Lin, Wenbin Wang, Joseph B H Baker, James M Weygand, Michael D Hartinger, Viacheslav G Merkin, J Michael Ruohoniemi, Kevin Pham, Haonan Wu, Vassilis Angelopoulos, Kathryn A McWilliams, Nozomu Nishitani, Simon G Shepherd
An interplanetary shock can abruptly compress the magnetosphere, excite magnetospheric waves and field-aligned currents, and cause a ground magnetic response known as a sudden commencement (SC). However, the transient (<∼1 min) response of the ionosphere-thermosphere system during an SC has been little studied due to limited temporal resolution in previous investigations. Here, we report observations of a global reversal of ionospheric vertical plasma motion during an SC on 24 October 2011 using ∼6 s resolution Super Dual Auroral Radar Network ground scatter data...
October 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36582258/tracking-the-2022-hunga-tonga-hunga-ha-apai-aerosol-cloud-in-the-upper-and-middle-stratosphere-using-space-based-observations
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Taha, R Loughman, P R Colarco, T Zhu, L W Thomason, G Jaross
On 15 January 2022, the submarine Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption lofted materials high into the upper stratosphere, reaching a record-breaking altitude of ∼58 km, unprecedented in the satellite observations era. Within two weeks, the bulk of the injected material circulated the globe between 20-30 km altitude, as observed by satellite instruments. We estimate that the stratospheric aerosol optical depth (sAOD) is the largest since the Pinatubo eruption and is at least twice as great as the sAOD after the 2015 Calbubo eruption despite the similar SO2 injection from that eruption...
October 16, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36591326/understanding-the-evolution-of-smoke-mass-extinction-efficiency-using-field-campaign-measurements
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pablo E Saide, Laura H Thapa, Xinxin Ye, Demetrios Pagonis, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Hongyu Guo, Melinda L Schuneman, Jose-Luis Jimenez, Richard Moore, Elizabeth Wiggins, Edward Winstead, Claire Robinson, Lee Thornhill, Kevin Sanchez, Nicholas L Wagner, Adam Ahern, Joseph M Katich, Anne E Perring, Joshua P Schwarz, Ming Lyu, Christopher D Holmes, Johnathan W Hair, Marta A Fenn, Taylor J Shingler
Aerosol mass extinction efficiency (MEE) is a key aerosol property used to connect aerosol optical properties with aerosol mass concentrations. Using measurements of smoke obtained during the Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) campaign we find that mid-visible smoke MEE can change by a factor of 2-3 between fresh smoke (<2 hr old) and one-day-old smoke. While increases in aerosol size partially explain this trend, changes in the real part of the aerosol refractive index (real(n)) are necessary to provide closure assuming Mie theory...
September 28, 2022: Geophysical Research Letters
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